The Temple of Hercules Victor, near the Teatro di Marcello in Rome (a Greek-style Roman temple)

Image File history File links The Temple of Hercules in the Forum Boarium (Rome, Italy). ... Image File history File links The Temple of Hercules in the Forum Boarium (Rome, Italy). ... The Temple of Hercules Victor, in the Forum Boarium The Temple of Hercules Victor or Hercules Olivarius, located in the Forum Boarium in Rome, is a round temple of Greek peripteros (enclosed chamber) design. ... Theater of Marcellus in the Via del Teatro di Marcello, Rome Theater of Marcellus by night. ...

Pagan history and architecture

• Originally in Roman paganism, a templum was not (necessarily) a cultic building but any ritually marked observation site for natural phenomena believed to allow predictions, such as the flight of birds (see Augurs). Later the word was mainly used for the equivalent of Greek and other temples.
• The numbers and architecture of Roman temples reflect the city's receptivity to all the religions of the world. The oldest Roman temples reflect Etruscan temples, like the great temple on the Capitoline Hill, dedicated in 509 BC to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, the Capitoline Triad.
• Like its Etruscan models the Roman temple was raised on a high podium and could only be approached by steps across the front of the building in contrast to the common arrangement for Greek temples, whose steps run around all four sides. The facade also differed from Greek models -- the columned porch was deeper than those of most Greek temples -- 6 columns deep -- and was only on the front of the building. The interior was divided into several large rooms for the cult statues.
• The most noteworthy temples of Rome were the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus, the father of the Roman divinities, and the Pantheon. The Pantheon was built between AD 117 to 128 by Emperor Hadrian and dedicated to all the gods; this building replaced a smaller temple built by the general and statesman Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. The Pantheon became a Christian church in 607 and is now an Italian national monument, the burial place of Raphael and several of the kings of united Italy.

The Augur was a priest or official in ancient Rome. ... Map showing the extent of the Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ... Piazza del Campidoglio, on the top of Capitoline Hill, with the façade of Palazzo Senatorio. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC - 460s BC - 450s BC Events and Trends 509 BC - Foundation of the Roman Republic 508 BC - Office of pontifex maximus created... The Greeks began to build monumental temples in the first half of the eighth century BC. The temples of Hera at Samos and of Poseidon at Isthmia were among the first erected. ... The Pantheon, Rome The Pantheon is a building in Rome which was originally built as a temple to the seven deities of the seven planets in the Roman state religion, but which has been a Christian church since the 7th century. ... // Events Trajan subdued a Judean revolt, then fell seriously ill, leaving Hadrian in command of the east. ... Events King Gaeru of Baekje succeeded the throne of Baekje in Korean peninsula. ... A bust of Hadrian. ... Marcus Agrippa Agrippa redirects here. ... To suck the phallus or penis of another. ... This page is about the artist. ...

Fanum

The Romans used the Latin word fanum for the temples of all other divinities than those traditionally revered by their native paganism, the state cult.

• As the corresponding Latin adjective is fanaticus, the modern word fanatic still reflects the disapproval by devote traditional Romans of various exotic religious practices.

Nevertheless under the empire some of the imported cults, mainly from conquered people, such as the Persian Mithras and Egyptian divinities such as the mother-goddess Isis and Serapis (for his fanum the specific term serapeum was used) would gain great popularity, demonstrated in rich temple cults. The temple of Isis and Serapis in the Campus Martius, built of Egyptian materials and in the Egyptian style to house the Hellenized cult of the Egyptian deity Isis, is typical of the heterogeneity of later Roman religious monuments. Mithra and the Bull: fresco from Dura Europos late 2nd–early 3rd century Mithras was the central savior god of Mithraism, a syncretic Hellenistic mystery religion of male initiates that developed in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC and was practiced in the Roman Empire from... Isis is a goddess in the Egyptian belief. ... Serapis can refer to: A series of British ships named HMS Serapis. ... The Serapeum of Alexandria in Ptolemaic Egypt was a temple built by Ptolemy III (reigned 246 BC–222 BC) and dedicated to Serapis, the syncretic Hellenistic-Egyptian god who was made the protector of Alexandria. ... The Campus Martius, or Field of Mars, was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about 2 km² (600 acres) in extent. ...

• They would only be virtually wiped out together with the Roman paganism after Christianity had become Rome and Byzantium's new, soon less tolerant, imperial state religion. The word temple would be transferred to its churches, as well as synagogues.

A church building (or simply church) is a building used in Christian worship. ... A synagogue (Hebrew: בית כנסת ; beit knesset, house of assembly; Yiddish: שול, shul) is a Jewish place of religious worship. ...

See also

• Classical orders
• Temple for other religious traditions

A refined canonic version of the Orders engraved for the Encyclopédie, vol. ... The Akshardham Hindu temple, Delhi, India The word temple has different meanings in the fields of architecture, religion, geography, anatomy, and education. ...

External links

• Temple of Hadrian, Rome Quicktime VR
• The Pantheon, Rome Quicktime VR