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Auxiliaries (Latin: auxilia, help) were troops in the Roman army of the late Republican and Imperial periods who provided specialist support to the legions. This function had been carried out by the allied troops, but these metamorphosed into the auxiliaries after the Marian reforms of the 1st century BC. Auxiliary units were recruited from one area or tribe and could be in existence for centuries. They may therefore be considered the equivalent of modern regiments. They were usually barbarians recruited from the empire or its frontiers, served 25 years on pay (as of 1st century) 1/3 (or 5/6 according to a pay receipt discovered at Vindonissa - ie 250 Sesterces a year) that of the legionaries and a less arduous service regime. As Vegetius said The branches of the Roman military at the highest level were the Roman army and the Roman navy. ...
The Roman army is the set of land-based military forces employed by the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later Roman Empire as part of the Roman military. ...
This is a list of both unit types and ranks of the Roman army from the Roman Republic to the fall of the Roman Empire. ...
This is a list of Roman legions. ...
// Manius Acilius Glabrio -- Manius Acilius Glabrio (consul 191 BC) -- Manius Acilius Glabrio (consul 91) -- Titus Aebutius Helva -- Aegidius -- Lucius Aemilius Barbula -- Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir) -- Lucius Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus -- Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (praetor 56 BC) -- Flavius Aëtius -- Lucius Afranius (consul) -- Sextus Calpurnius Agricola -- Gnaeus Julius Agricola -- Flavius Antoninus -- Marcus...
The Roman Navy (Latin: Classis) operated between the First Punic war and the end of the Western Roman Empire. ...
The Roman Navy (Latin: Classis) operated between the First Punic war and the end of the Western Roman Empire. ...
The history of ancient Rome - originally a city-state of Italy, and later an empire covering much of Eurasia and North Africa from the ninth century BC to the fifth century AD - was often closely entwined with its military history. ...
The following is a List of Roman wars fought by the ancient Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire, organized by date. ...
The following is a List of Roman battles (fought by the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire), organized by date. ...
As with most other military forces the Roman military adopted a carrot and stick approach to military, with an extensive list of decorations for military gallantry and likewise a range of punishments for the punishment of military transgressions. ...
The technology history of the Roman military covers the development of and application of technologies for use in the armies and navies of Rome from the Roman Republic to the fall of the Western Roman Empire. ...
Roman military engineering is that Roman engineering carried out by the Roman Army - almost exclusively by the Roman legions for the furthering of military objectives. ...
Basic ideal plan of a Roman castrum. ...
Roman siege engines were, for the most part, adapted from Hellenistic siege technology. ...
List of ancient Roman triumphal arches (By modern country) // France Orange Reims: Porte de Mars Saint Rémy de Provence: Roman site of Glanum Saintes: Arch of Germanicus Greece Arch of Galerius, Thessaloniki Hadrians Arch, Athens Italy It has been suggested that List of Roman arches in Rome be...
A Roman road in Pompeii Road Construction on Trajans Column The Roman roads were essential for the growth of the Roman empire, by enabling the Romans to move armies. ...
Roman military personal equipment was produced in large numbers to established patterns and used in an established way. ...
Root directory at Military history of ancient Rome Romes military was always tightly keyed to its political system. ...
The strategy of the Roman military encompasses its grand strategy (the arrangements made by the state to implement its political goals through a selection of military goals, a process of diplomacy backed by threat of military action, and a dedication to the military of part of its production and resources...
robert galusha is mad ass fucking hot Root directory at Strategy of the Roman military Roman infantry tactics refers to the theoretical and historical deployment, formation and maneuvers of the Roman infantry from the start of the Roman Republic to the fall of the Western Roman Empire. ...
Map of all the territories once occupied by the Roman Empire, along with locations of limes Roman military borders and fortifications were part of a grand strategy of territorial defense in the Roman Empire. ...
The limes Germanicus, 2nd century. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Look up Barbarian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Vindonissa is the Roman name for Windisch in modern Switzerland. ...
The sestertius was an ancient Roman coin. ...
Vegetius (Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus) was a celebrated military writer of the 4th century. ...
- "There is also another reason why the Legions have become attenuated: The labour of serving in them is great, the arms are heavier, the duties more frequent, the discipline more severe; to avoid this many flock to the Auxilia to take the oaths of service, where the sweat is less and the rewards come sooner".
Auxiliaries could afford to keep a common-law wife and erect an elaborate tombstone, and these perks increasingly attracted citizens too.
To avoid split loyalties, they were stationed away from their home area, under the command of a high-ranking Roman citizen serving as prefect or tribune who was answerable to the legionary commanders. Instead of a monetary grant at the end of their service, they were granted Roman citizenship for themselves and their heirs in perpetuity.
Cavalry
Auxiliary cavalryman, in Roman saddle and chain mail, and with spatha As they were recruited from barbarian areas particularly skilled in specialist types of cavalry warfare (eg the Batavians, whose riders and horses could swim rivers in full armour; also North Africa, Thrace and Scythia), these units were the highest-ranked auxiliary units and as such were commanded by a praefectus of equestrian rank. They operated as fighting cavalry independent of the legions and the non-combatant legionary cavalry (the latter largely being used for reconnaissance and communication alone). Examples include the Alarii Pannonii robur equitatus ("...Pannonian troopers, the flower of his cavalry...") mentioned by Tacitus (Annals xv.10[1]). Image File history File links Roman_cavalry_lg. ...
Image File history File links Roman_cavalry_lg. ...
The Batavii (or Batavi, Batavians) were a Germanic, or possibly Celtic tribe reported by Julius Caesar and Tacitus to have lived around the Rhine delta, in the area which is currently the Netherlands. ...
Roman North Africa The Roman Empire ca. ...
Thraciae veteris typvs. ...
Approximate extent of Scythia and Sarmatia in the 1st century BC (the orange background shows the spread of Eastern Iranian languages, among them Scytho-Sarmatian). ...
The word prefect can refer to any of a number of types of official, including: in Latin, a praefectus was a high-ranking military or civil official in the Roman Empire. ...
An equestrian (Latin eques, plural equites - also known as a vir egregius, lit. ...
Gaius Cornelius Tacitus Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (c. ...
The Annals, or, in Latin, Annales, is a history book by Tacitus covering the reign of the 4 Roman Emperors succeeding to Caesar Augustus. ...
They would be stationed on the wings of legion (ala literally means wing), for encirclement, forcing the enemy into direct confrontation with the infantry front line, preventing the legion from being outflanked and pursuing an enemy retreating in disarray. They rode pony-sized horses without stirrups, but a horned saddle allowed flexibility of movement and stability of seat. Their harness was decorated and the rider wore mail or scale armour over a jerkin, tight trousers, a neck scarf, a moderately decorated helmet (parade helmets were more extravagant[2]), an oval shield possibly attached to the harness, 2 hastae and 1 spatha (slashing sword, longer than infantry sword). Ala, Alares, Alarii. ...
Encirclement is a military term for the situation when one sides force or target is isolated and surrounded by other sides forces. ...
Haniwa horse statuette, complete with saddle and stirrups, 6th century, Kofun period, Japan. ...
Detail of metal links. ...
Roman scale armour fragment. ...
Reproduction wool focale, worn by a Roman re-enactor The focale was a scarf worn by the Roman legionary to protect the neck from chafing caused by constant contact with the soldiers armor (typically lorica hamata or lorica segmentata) and helmet. ...
Hasta is a Latin word meaning spear. ...
Modern replica of a late Roman Empire spatha The spatha was a type of a straight sword with a long point, measuring between 0. ...
- ala quingenaria (literally, "wing of five hundred") had 512 enlisted soldiers organised in 16 turmae. Each turma was made up of 32 men and horses and commanded by a decurio. Overall command was in the hands of a high-ranking prefect. Approximately 80 alae quingenariae existed around 100.
- ala miliara ("wing of one thousand"), consisted of 24 turmae with 42 men each, making a total of 1,008 men and horses. These were vary rare elite units, with only seven of them existing around 100.
Decurio was an official title in Ancient Rome, used in three connections. ...
Infantry Six or ten centuries, each under a centurion. Equipment for non-specialist units (as shown right) would typically be scale or mail armour over a tunic, perhaps leather or woollen trousers, the same helmet sword and dagger as legionary troops but perhaps less ornamented, a stabbing spear (hasta) and an oval shield. Overall, these units enabled more flexible infantry tactics (eg skirmishing) were possible for the heavy-infantry of the legions, and generally provided dispensable troops to wear down the enemy before sending in the legions. Centuria (Latin plural Centuriae) is a Latin substantive rooting in centum a hundred, denoting units consisting of (originally, approximatively) a 100 men. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Hasta is a Latin word meaning spear. ...
Skirmishers are infantry soldiers who are stationed ahead or to the sides of a larger body of friendly troops. ...
Cannon Fodder is an expression used to denote the treatment of armed forces as a worthless commodity to be expended. ...
- cohors quingenaria, 500, light infantry
- cohors milliaria, 1000, light infantry
- cohors equitata quingenaria, mixed infantry and cavalry
- cohors equitata milliaria, mixed infantry and cavalry
A cohort (from the Latin cohors, plural cohortes) is a fairly large military unit, generally consisting of one type of soldier. ...
Specialists Capital Palma de Mallorca Official language(s) Spanish and Catalan Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 17th 4,992 km² 1. ...
Home-made sling. ...
The Menapii were a Belgic tribe of north-eastern Gaul in the 1st century BC, dwelling around the Rhine estuary, and extending inland towards the Ardennes. ...
Petra, the Nabataean capital The Nabataeans, a people of ancient Arabia, whose settlements in the time of Josephus gave the name of Nabatene to the border-land between Syria and Arabia from the Euphrates to the Red Sea. ...
Self propelled barge carrying bulk crushed stone A barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. ...
See also The term auxiliaries comes from the latin auxilia (help). ...
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