An illustration of the book

Romance of the Three Kingdoms (traditional Chinese: 三國演義; simplified Chinese: 三国演义; pinyin: sānguó yǎnyì), written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms period (220–280). It is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a novel written by Luo Guanzhong. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2041x1629, 2750 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Romance of the Three Kingdoms ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2041x1629, 2750 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Romance of the Three Kingdoms ... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Luo Guanzhong (Traditional Chinese: 羅貫中, Wade Giles: Lo Kuan-chung) was a 14th century Chinese author attributed with writing Romance of the Three Kingdoms and editing Outlaws of the Marsh, two of the most revered adventure epics in Chinese literature. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... --70. ... Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BC–9 AD) Luoyang (25 AD–190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History  - Establishment 206 BC  - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC  - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24  - Abdication to Cao Wei 220... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ... Events Han Xiandi abdicates his throne to Cao Pi, symbolizing the end of the Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period in China. ... Events The Chinese Jin Dynasty under Emperor Wu of Jin China unifies China by conquering the Kingdom of Wu, ending the Period of the Three Kingdoms. ... The Four Great Classical Novels, or Four Major Classical Novels (Chinese: ) of Chinese literature, are the four novels commonly counted by scholars to be the greatest and most influential in classical Chinese fiction. ... Chinese literature spans back thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the matured fictional novel arising in the medieval period to entertain the masses of literate Chinese. ...

Overview

Stories from the Three Kingdoms period existed as oral traditions before any written compilations. In these popular stories, the characters typically took on exaggerated characteristics, often becoming immortals or supernatural beings with magical powers. With their focus on the history of Han Chinese, the stories grew in popularity during the reign of the foreign Mongol emperors of the Yuán Dynasty. During the succeeding Míng Dynasty, an interest in plays and novels resulted in further expansions and retelling of the stories. The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ... Languages Chinese languages Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... The Yuan Dynasty (Mongolian: Dai Ön Yeke Mongghul Ulus; Chinese: 元朝; pinyin: Yuáncháo) lasting officially from 1271 to 1368, also called the Mongol Dynasty, was the name given to the significant ruling family of Borjigin in Asia. ... The Míng Dynasty (Chinese: 明朝; Hanyu Pinyin: ) was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644. ...

The earliest attempt to combine these stories into a written work was Sān Guó Zhì Píng Huà (三國誌評話), literally "Story of Sanguozhi", published sometime between 1321 and 1323. This version combined themes of legend, magic, and morality to appeal to the peasant class. Elements of reincarnation and karma were woven into this version of the story. The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三國志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms was the official and authoritative historical text compiled by Chen Shou during the Chinese Jin Dynasty (265-420... This article is about the theological concept. ... For other uses, see Karma (disambiguation). ...

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms as we know it today is attributed to Luo Guanzhong, written between 1330 and 1400 (late Yuán to early Ming period). It was written in partly plain and partly Classical Chinese and was considered the standard text for 300 years. Luo made use of available historical records, including the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms compiled by Chen Shou, which covered events from the Yellow Turban Rebellion in AD 184 up to the unification of the three kingdoms under the Jìn Dynasty in AD 280. Luo combined this historical knowledge with a gift for storytelling to create a rich tapestry of personalities, and initially published it in 24 volumes. During Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty, Mao Zonggang (毛宗岗) significantly edited the text, fitting it into 120 chapters. Nowadays, Mao's version is the most common. Luo Guanzhong (Traditional Chinese: 羅貫中, Wade Giles: Lo Kuan-chung) was a 14th century Chinese author attributed with writing Romance of the Three Kingdoms and editing Outlaws of the Marsh, two of the most revered adventure epics in Chinese literature. ... The Yuan Dynasty (Mongolian: Dai Ön Yeke Mongghul Ulus; Chinese: 元朝; pinyin: Yuáncháo) lasting officially from 1271 to 1368, also called the Mongol Dynasty, was the name given to the significant ruling family of Borjigin in Asia. ... The Míng Dynasty (Chinese: 明朝; Hanyu Pinyin: ) was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644. ... Vernacular Chinese (pinyin: báihuà; Wade-Giles: paihua) is a style or register of the written Chinese language essentially modeled after the spoken language and associated with Standard Mandarin. ... Classical Chinese or Literary Chinese is a traditional style of written Chinese based on the grammar and vocabulary of very old forms of Chinese , making it very different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. ... The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三国志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms, was the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms Period compiled by Chen Shou during the Jin Dynasty (265-420). ... Chen Shou (陳壽) (233-297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚) was the author of the Sanguo Zhi, a historical account of the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Combatants Yellow Turbans Han Dynasty Commanders Zhang Jiao Zhang Bao Zhang Liang He Jin Huangfu Song Lu Zhi Zhu Jun Dong Zhuo Cao Cao Strength 360,000 Various Casualties Unknown Unknown The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) was a... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article needs cleanup, so as to conform to a higher standard. ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji  - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister  - 1911 Yikuang  - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History  - Establishment of the Late...

This novel reflects the Confucian values which were prominent at the time it was written. According to Confucian moral standard, loyalty to one's family, friends, and superiors could be used as one of many measures to distinguish good and bad people. In the novel, characters who were not loyal to the collapsing Han Dynasty are portrayed as bad people; on the contrary, modern mainstream ideology in Communist China would interpret that deeply suffering masses were trying to overthrow the ruling feudal lords.

Story

It must be understood that one of the greatest achievements of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the extreme complexity of its stories and characters. The novel is studded with numerous "mini-stories", many of which could be developed into full-length novels in their own right (the Battle of Red Cliffs and the treatment of Guan Yu by Hua Tuo being two examples). As such, the following effort only serves as a very high level summary of the entire story: For the film also known as The Battle of Red Cliff, see Red Cliff (film). ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan (關) Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. ... Huà Tuó was a famous Chinese physician during the Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms era. ...

Three Heroes of Three Kingdoms, silk painting by Sekkan Sakurai (1715-1790). This painting is usually hung in the offices of businessmen to show that they are trustworthy, just as these brothers were to each other.

Three Heroes of Three Kingdoms, silk painting by By Sekkan Sakurai (1715-1790), courtesy The Field Museum (http://www. ... Three Heroes of Three Kingdoms, silk painting by By Sekkan Sakurai (1715-1790), courtesy The Field Museum (http://www. ...

The Yellow Turban Rebellion

The story begins in the last years of the Han Dynasty when incompetent eunuchs deceived the emperor and banished good officials. The government had become extremely corrupt on all levels, leading to widespread deterioration of the empire. During the reign of the penultimate Han emperor, Emperor Ling, the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out under the leadership of Zhang Jiao, who allegedly practiced Taoist wizardry and held immortal powers. Zhang pretended to be a travelling healer curing people of sickness while secretly inciting them to revolt. In this time of turmoil, many of the major characters are introduced; Liu Bei, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Cao Cao, Sun Jian, etc. Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BC–9 AD) Luoyang (25 AD–190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History  - Establishment 206 BC  - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC  - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24  - Abdication to Cao Wei 220... A eunuch is a castrated human male. ... Emperor Ling of Han, trad. ... Combatants Yellow Turbans Han Dynasty Commanders Zhang Jiao Zhang Bao Zhang Liang He Jin Huangfu Song Lu Zhi Zhu Jun Dong Zhuo Cao Cao Strength 360,000 Various Casualties Unknown Unknown The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) was a... Zhang Jiao or Zhang Jue (d. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is 劉 (Liu) Liú Bèi (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) (161 – 223), courtesy name Xuándé (玄徳), was a powerful warlord and the founding emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan (é—œ) Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhang Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Cáo Cāo (155 – March 15, 220, pronounced Tsau Tsau) was a regional warlord and the second last Chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during its final years in ancient China. ... SÅ«n Jiān (155 – 191) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ...

The rebellion was barely suppressed by imperial troops under the command of He Jin, Emperor Ling’s brother-in-law and the Supreme Commander of the armies of the Central Government. Fearing his growing power, the eunuchs under Zhang Rang lured He Jin alone into the palace following Emperor Ling's death and murder that was orchestrated by his rivals. His stunned guards, led by Yuan Shao, responded by charging into the palace, which turned into an indiscriminate slaughter. In the ensuing confusion, the child Emperor Shao and the Prince of Chenliu (later Emperor Xian) disappeared from the palace. He Jin (? – 189) was the elder half-brother of Empress He, consort to Emperor Ling of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. ... Zhang Rang (張讓) (d. ...

Dong Zhuo's tyrannical rule

Soon, the Emperor and the Prince were discovered by soldiers belonging to the warlord Dong Zhuo from Western Liang, who proceeded to seize control of the capital under the pretext of protecting the emperor. Dong later had Emperor Shao deposed and replaced with the Prince of Chenliu, who became Emperor Xian. Under Dong Zhuo’s violent rule, the people suffered greatly. There were assassination attempts on him by both the court physician Wu Fu and Cao Cao but both attempts failed. Dong Zhuo (董卓; Pinyin: DÇ’ng Zhuō) (139 – 192) was a warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... The Western Liang (Chinese character: 西凉, Hanyu pinyin Xī Liáng) (400-421) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ...

Cao Cao managed to escape and issued an edict in the emperor's name to all governors, calling them to remove Dong Zhuo from power. Under general Yuan Shao, 18 governors and nobles joined forces in a campaign against Dong Zhuo, but undermined by poor leadership and conflict of interest, they only managed to drive him from the capital Luoyang to Chang'an. However, Dong Zhuo was later betrayed and murdered by his own foster son Lu Bu, from a dispute over the beautiful Diao Chan, in a scheme orchestrated by minister Wang Yun. Yuan Shao (? – 202) was a major warlord occupying the north of ancient China during the massive civil war towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms era. ... Combatants Anti-Dong Zhuo Coalition Dong Zhuo Commanders Yuan Shao Dong Zhuo The Campaign against Dong Zhuo (董卓討伐戰) in 190 was initiated by a coalition of regional officials hoping to end Chancellor Dong Zhuos influence in the ailing Han court in China. ... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... For other uses, see Changan (disambiguation). ... Lü Bu (? – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Diao Chan (Simplified Chinese: 貂蝉; Traditional Chinese: 貂蟬, Pinyin: Diāo Chán) was one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. ... Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ...

Conflict among the various warlords and nobles

In the meantime, however, the empire was already disintegrating into civil war. Sun Jian, governor of Changsha, found the Imperial Jade Seal at the bottom of a well in the ruins of Luoyang but secretly kept it for his own purposes, further weakening royal authority. Without a strong central government, warlords began to rise up and fight each other for land and power. In the north, Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan were at war, and in the south, Sun Jian and Liu Biao. Many others, even those without title or land, such as Cao Cao and Liu Bei, were also starting to build up power. Sūn Jiān (155 – 191) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Changsha (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chang-sha) is the capital city of Hunan, a province of Southcentral China, located on the lower reaches of Xiangjiang river, a branch of the Yangtze River. ... The Imperial Seal of China, or the Heirloom Seal of the Realm (Traditional Chinese: 傳國璽; Simplified Chinese: 传国玺) is a Chinese jade seal carved out of the He Shi Bi, a historically famous piece of jade. ... Gongsun Zan (公孫瓚 gong1 sun1 zan4), courtesy name Bogui, was a warlord of northern China active toward the end of the second century AD. He was commander of a cavalry force and served on the northern and eastern frontiers of the Han Dynasty empire fighting against various non-Chinese peoples. ... Liú Biǎo (劉表 142 – 208) was the governor of the Jing province in China towards the end of the Han Dynasty. ...

Cao Cao took Emperor Xian from Dong Zhuo’s former subordinates Li Jue and Guo Si and established the new court in Xuchang. Even more powerful now with the emperor in his control, Cao Cao quickly subdued his rivals such as Yuan Shu, Lu Bu and Zhang Xiu, culminating in his greatest military victory, over Yuan Shao in the famous Battle of Guandu despite being outnumbered 10-to-1. Cao Cao pursued the defeated Yuan clan and finally united northern China, which later served as the foundation for the Kingdom of Wei. Li Jue (simplified Chinese: 李傕) (died 197) took command of Dong Zhuos empire after the latter was assassinated by Lü Bu, and with the help of Guo Si, Zhang Ji and Fan Chou he managed to take over Chang An, and secure power within the Imperial Court. ... Guō Sì (Simplified Chinese: 郭汜; Traditional Chinese: 郭汜) (146 – 197) was formerly a general under Niu Fu, who served under Dong Zhuo. ... Xuchang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Yuan Shu (袁术; style name Gonglu 公路) (?? - 199) was a major warlord of the Later Han Dynasty who rose to prominence following the collapse of the Han court in 189. ... Lü Bu (? – 198) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Zhang Xiu (张绣) (? - 207) was born in Zuli, Wuwei (southwest of modern day Jingyuan, Gansu province). ... The Battle of Guandu (官渡之戰) was a battle in Chinese history. ... The Kingdom of Wei (ch. ...

Sun Ce builds a dynasty in Jiangdong

Meanwhile, an ambush had violently concluded Sun Jian's life in a war with Liu Biao, fulfilling his own rash oath to heaven. His eldest son Sun Ce then delivered the Imperial Jade Seal as tribute to rising royal pretender Yuan Shu of Huainan, in exchange for much needed reinforcements. Now, like the proverbial tiger that has been given claws, he soon secured himself a state in the rich riverlands of Jiangdong, on which the Kingdom of Wu would eventually be founded. Tragically, Sun Ce also died at the height of his career from illness under stress of his terrifying encounter with the ghost of Yu Ji, a venerable magician whom he had falsely accused and executed in jealousy. However, his successor and younger brother Sun Quan, led by skilled advisors Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao, proved to be a masterful and charismatic ruler, inspiring hidden talents from across the land such as Lu Su to join his service, while raising a strong military which would truly receive a trial by fire in Cao Cao’s great southern campaign. Sun Ce (175 – 200) was a military general and warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Yuan Shu (袁术; style name Gonglu 公路) (?? - 199) was a major warlord of the Later Han Dynasty who rose to prominence following the collapse of the Han court in 189. ... The Kingdom of Wu (Chinese: 吳, pinyin: wú) refers to a historical nation and several states in a region of China. ... Gan Ji (? – 200) was a Taoist priest who lived during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Sun Quan (孫權 pinyin: SÅ«n Quán) (182 - 252), son of Sun Jian, was the third ruler of the State of Wu and the founder of Kingdom of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period, in China. ... Zhou Yu (175 - 210) was a famous militarist and strategist of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Zhang Zhao (張昭) (156 - 236) was a brilliantly minded civil officer who served under the Sun family at the time of the Three Kingdoms in China. ... Lu Su (鲁肃) was an advisor for the kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China, having taken over the position from Zhou Yu. ...

Liu Bei's unrealized ambition

Liu Bei, along with his sworn brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei had sworn allegiance to the Han Dynasty (in the famous Oath of the Peach Garden) and pledged to do their best to serve the emperor and the common people. However, their goals and ambitions had not been realized till the later part of the novel. Liu Bei, ever since he had successfully quelled the Yellow Turban Rebellion, was not recognized for his efforts and was made only the magistrate of a small county. Later, Liu Bei joined Gongsun Zan and participated in the war against Dong Zhuo. Cao Cao invaded Xuzhou as a revenge against Tao Qian, the governor of Xuzhou who unknowingly allowed his subordinate to kill Cao Cao’s father. Liu Bei led his troops from Pingyuan to help Tao Qian and Tao passed on his post as Governor of Xuzhou to Liu Bei before he died. At that same time, Lu Bu was at war with Cao Cao as he also longed to dominate China ever since he had killed Dong Zhuo. Lu Bu was defeated by Cao Cao and he sought refuge under Liu Bei. Later, Lu Bu repaid Liu Bei’s kindness with evil and seized control of Xuzhou. Liu Bei was forced to join forces with Cao Cao and they defeated Lu Bu. Lu Bu was executed and Liu Bei became officially recognised by Emperor Xian as the Emperor’s Uncle. Liu Bei plotted with some officials to kill Cao Cao as Cao Cao wielded far too much power and had the intention of usurping the throne. Liu Bei failed to kill Cao Cao as the plot was exposed. He seized control of Xuzhou but lost to Cao Cao when Cao Cao led his troops to conquer Xuzhou. Liu Bei got control of Runan with help from some former Yellow Turban rebels but was defeated once again by Cao Cao in battle. Liu Bei had no choice but to move to Jingzhou to seek Liu Biao’s protection. Liu Biao treated Liu Bei with respect and put him in charge of Xinye. At Xinye, Liu Bei recruited the talented Zhuge Liang personally and slowly built up his forces. The Oath of the Peach Garden (義重桃園 or 桃園三節義) was an oath by which the three fighters Liu Bei, Zhang Fei, and Guan Yu became sworn brothers in a ceremony amid peach blossom trees. ... Xuzhou (Chinese: 徐州; Hanyu Pinyin: ), known as Pengcheng (Chinese: 彭城; Hanyu Pinyin: ) in ancient times, is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Jiangsu province, Peoples Republic of China. ... {flotador del style= de |cellpadding=3px cellspacing=0px bgcolor=#f7f8ff : la derecha; frontera: sólido 2px; margen: ¡5px ! fondo del style= : #ccf; frontera-tapa: sólido 2px; frontera-fondo: |align=right| sólido de colspan=2| 2px Names chinos | - Xìng: 陶 del ||Táo | - valign=top| del |align=right M... Pingyuan can refer to: Pingyuan County, a county in Shandong province, China Pingyuan County, a county in north east Guangdong province, China Pingyuan (province), a former province of China Pingyuan is also the Chinese word for plains. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages... Xinye (Chinese: ; Wade-Giles: Hsin-yeh) is one of the counties of Nanyang that lies in the southwest of Henan province in central China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms period, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ...

Battle of the Red Cliffs

Cao Cao, who declared himself the Prime Minister, led his troops to attack southern China after uniting the north. At Xinye, he was defeated twice by Liu Bei’s forces but Liu Bei lost Xinye and had to move to Jingzhou. Unfortunately, Liu Biao had died by then and left Jingzhou split between his two sons Liu Qi and Liu Cong. Liu Bei led the civilians of Xinye to Xiangyang, where Liu Cong ruled but Liu Bei was denied entry. Liu Cong later surrended to Cao Cao, and Liu Bei had no choice but to move to Jiangxia where Liu Qi ruled. On the way, Liu Bei and the civilians were pursued by Cao Cao’s troops and several innocent civilians were killed. Liu Bei and his men managed to reach Jiangxia where he established a strong foothold against Cao Cao’s invasion. Liu Qi (刘淇) is the CPC Beijing Committee Secretary, first-in-charge of Beijing, and also a member of the CPC Politburo Central Committee. ... Liu Cong (劉聰) (d. ... Xiangyang (Traditional Chinese: 襄陽, Simplified Chinese: 襄阳, pinyin: Xiāngyáng) was a Chinese city famous for the Siege of Xiangyang (1267-1273) by Mongol invaders. ...

To resist Cao Cao’s invasion, Liu Bei sent Zhuge Liang to persuade Sun Quan in Jiangdong to form an alliance. Zhuge Liang managed to persuade Sun Quan to form an alliance with Liu Bei against Cao Cao and stayed in Jiangdong as a temporary advisor. Sun Quan placed Zhou Yu in command of the forces of Jiangdong (East Wu) to defend against Cao Cao’s invasion. Zhou Yu felt that the talented Zhuge Liang would become a future threat to East Wu and tried several times to kill Zhuge, but failed. In the end, he had no choice but to co-operate with Zhuge Liang for the time being as Cao Cao’s armies were at the border. Cao Cao was defeated at the Battle of Red Cliffs by the combined forces of Liu Bei and Sun Quan and forced to flee back to Jingzhou. For the film also known as The Battle of Red Cliff, see Red Cliff (film). ...

Traditional site of Red Cliffs

Photo of the traditional site of Chibi, north of Wulin, taken in 2003. ... Photo of the traditional site of Chibi, north of Wulin, taken in 2003. ...

Tension between Liu Bei and Sun Quan

After the great battle at the Red Cliff, East Wu and Liu Bei contested with each other for control of Jingzhou. Zhou Yu led the troops of East Wu to attack Jingzhou and gained a victory, but eventually Jingzhou ended up in Liu Bei’s hands as Zhuge Liang had advised Liu Bei to seize Jingzhou while Zhou Yu and Cao Cao’s forces were at war. Zhou Yu was extremely unhappy and reported the matter to Sun Quan. Sun Quan dispatched Lu Su to Jingzhou to negotiate with Liu Bei for Jingzhou. Again and again, Liu Bei refused to hand over Jingzhou to East Wu. Sun Quan had no choice but to use new strategies suggested by Zhou Yu to take Jingzhou. One of these was the Beauty Scheme, in which Sun Quan tried to trick Liu Bei to Jiangdong, where he would hold Liu Bei hostage in exchange for Jingzhou, by pretending to betroth his younger sister to Liu Bei. Liu Bei went to Jiangdong and followed Zhuge Liang’s instructions accordingly. No harm befell him and he married Sun Quan’s sister, which was supposed to be a ruse, and returned to Jingzhou safely with his newly-wed wife. Zhou Yu was fuming with anger and tried to think of plans to take Jingzhou but time and time again he failed. After being infuriated by Zhuge Liang twice, Zhou Yu eventually coughed out blood. The third time, he coughed out even more, and died unconscious.

Ma Chao

In the northwest, Ma Chao started a campaign against Cao Cao to avenge his father, Ma Teng, who was killed by Cao Cao. Ma Chao’s forces were formidable as he had the support of Han Sui and troops from the Qiang minority. However, Cao Cao managed to defeat Ma Chao’s forces by using cunning strategies to make Ma Chao and Han Sui turn against each other. Han Sui defected to Cao Cao and Ma Chao was left stranded. Ma Chao later sought refuge under Zhang Lu of Hanzhong, and eventually joined Liu Bei. Ma Chao (176 - 222) was the eldest son of Ma Teng and a general of the Three Kingdoms Period. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Han Sui (??–215) was a warrior and military leader in the waning years of the Han Dynasty and in the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... The Qiang people (羌族; Pinyin: qiāng zú) are an ethnic group. ... Zhang Lu (? - ?) was a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ...

Liu Bei controls Xichuan and Jingzhou

After Zhou Yu’s death, relations between Liu Bei and Sun Quan tightened but both sides did not wage war. Zhuge Liang advised Liu Bei to invade Xichuan, where the incompetent noble Liu Zhang ruled. Liu Bei left with his troops and conquered Xichuan, as well as Hanzhong, which was in Cao Cao’s control. Liu Bei proclaimed himself Prince of Hanzhong, while Cao Cao was promoted from the rank of Prime Minister to Prince of Wei, while Sun Quan was known as the Duke of Wu. By then, Liu Bei had ruled a vast area of land from Jingzhou to Sichuan in the west. This later served as a strong foundation for the founding of the Kingdom of Shu-Han. Meanwhile, Sun Quan and Cao Cao were also at war which resulted in defeats and victories for both sides at the battles of Ruxu and Hefei. Xichuan County (Chinese: :淅川县; Pinyin: XÄ«chuān Xiàn) is a county of Nanyang, Henan, China. ... Ruler of the Yi province and kinsman to Liu Bei. ... Hanzhong (Simplified Chinese: 汉中; Traditional Chinese: 漢中; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hanchung) is a city in Shaanxi province, in central China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: SzÅ­4-chuan1; Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in the central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ... The Three Kingdoms in 262, Shu is shown in red ShÇ” Hàn (Traditional Chinese: 蜀漢, pinyin: shÇ” hàn), sometimes known as the Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shÇ”) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty, based on areas...

The situation among the three major powers almost reached a stalemate after this, until Cao Cao died due to a brain tumor. The following year, Cao Cao’s son Cao Pi forced Emperor Xian to abdicate, ending the Han Dynasty which lasted for centuries. Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and renamed his dynasty Cao Wei. In response to this, Liu Bei declared himself Emperor of Shu-Han to signify that he still carried on the bloodline of the Han royal family, but was based in Shu. Cáo PÄ« (曹丕, 187-June 29, 226[1]), formally Emperor Wen of (Cao) Wei (曹魏文帝), courtesy name Zihuan (子桓), was born in Qiao County, Pei Commandery (modern Bozhou, Anhui). ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: SzÅ­4-chuan1; Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in the central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ...

Death of Guan Yu

At that time, Sun Quan had been tired of Liu Bei’s repeated refusals to hand over Jingzhou to him and planned to take over Jingzhou. He made peace with Cao Pi and was bestowed the title of Prince of Wu. In Jingzhou, Liu Bei left his sworn brother Guan Yu in charge, and Guan led the Jingzhou troops to attack Cao Pi. Sun Quan took advantage of the situation and sent Lu Meng to seize Jingzhou. Lu Meng disguised his troops as commoners and snuck into Jingzhou. Lu Meng's forces attacked Guan Yu from the rear as Guan launched an attack on Wei general, Cao Ren, and routed the army with ease. In his attempt to retreat after his army had been scattered, Guan Yu was captured. He was brought before Sun Quan by Lu Meng and, after refusing to surrender, Sun Quan ordered him to be executed. The loss of Jingzhou and the death of Guan Yu was traumatizing for Liu Bei and Liu was deeply grieved. He was planning to avenge Guan Yu when he heard the news that his other sworn brother Zhang Fei had been murdered in his sleep by his subordinates, who had fled to Eastern Wu. Liu Bei fainted upon hearing the news and later he swore to avenge them. Zhuge Liang tried to advise Liu Bei not to attack Sun Quan yet as the time had not come, but Liu Bei refused to listen and led a formidable army to attack East Wu. Lü Meng (178 - 219) was a great general of Wu, from Fupo in Runan. ... Cao Ren (168 – 223) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ...

The Battle of Yi Ling

A series of strategic mistakes due to the impetuosity of Liu Bei led to the cataclysmic defeat of Shu troops in the Battle of Yi Ling after initial victories against Wu. However, Lu Xun , the commander of Wu who spearheaded the war against Shu, refrained from pursuing Liu Bei’s defeated troops. Lu Xun’s caution was vindicated when Cao Pi launched an invasion against Wu, thinking that Wu forces would still be abroad. The invasion was crushed by strong Wu resistance, coupled with a plague outbreak. Battle At the Battle of Yiling in 222, Liu Bei enraged at the execution of his sworn brother Guan Yu at the hands of the Kingdom of Wu, lead an attack force to the plains of Yi Ling. ... For the 20th century Vernacular Chinese writer, see Lu Xun. ...

An artist impression of Zhūgě Liàng holding his trademark feather fan.

Meanwhile, in Baidicheng, Liu Bei died of sickness, leaving his young and weak-willed son Liu Shan in the care of Zhuge Liang. In a moving final conversation between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei asked Zhuge Liang to assume the imperial throne himself in place of Liu Shan’s if Liu Shan is proven to be inept. He refused to do so, and swore that he would remain faithful to the trust that Liu Bei had for him. This promise was to be a raison d'être for Zhuge Liang for the rest of his life. Download high resolution version (500x731, 55 KB)An artist impression of Zhuge Liang. ... Download high resolution version (500x731, 55 KB)An artist impression of Zhuge Liang. ... It has been suggested that Dong Jue be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... Liu Shan, (commonly mispronounced as Liu Chan[1]), (207 – 271) was the second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Look up raison dêtre in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Zhuge Liang calmly holds off five armies

In Wei, seizing the opportunity, Cao Pi tried to bribe several forces under Sima Yi’s advice, including Sun Quan, turncoat Shu general Meng Da, Meng Huo of the Nanman, and the Qiang tribe, into attacking Shu, along with a main army by Wei itself. Zhuge Liang successfully deployed the Shu troops and caused the five armies to retreat without shedding a single drop of blood. An envoy from Shu-Han named Deng Zhi eventually persuaded Sun Quan to reaffirm its alliance with Shu-Han. Sima Yi (179 - 251) was a general, military strategist, and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Meng Da was a general of Liu Zhang, Liu Bei, Cao Pi, and Cao Rui. ... Meng Huo (孟獲), the Great King of Nan Zhong. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Qiang people (羌族; Pinyin: qiāng zú) are an ethnic group. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...

In one of his final strokes of brilliance, Zhuge Liang personally led the Shu troops to subdue the southern barbarian king Meng Huo of the Nanman tribe. The barbarian troops were no match for the Shu troops and Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo seven times by using cunning strategies. The first six times, Meng Huo complained that he had been captured by trickery, and had no chance to fight a real battle with the Shu troops. Zhuge Liang agreed to let him go every time, allowing him to come back again for another battle. The seventh time, Zhuge Liang wanted to release Meng Huo once again but this time Meng Huo refused. Meng Huo was ashamed of rebelling against Shu-Han and was so deeply touched by Zhuge Liang’s benevolence that he swore allegiance to Shu-Han forever.

The battle of wits between Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi

At this time, Cao Pi also died of illness and was succeeded by Cao Rui. In Jiangdong, Sun Quan declared himself Emperor of East Wu. Zhuge Liang then turned his eyes northwards, and planned to attack Wei to restore the Han Dynasty as he had promised Liu Bei at the latter’s deathbed. However, his days were numbered and Shu was far too weak to overcome the material superiority of Wei. His last significant victory against Wei was probably the defection of Jiang Wei, a young general whose brilliance paralleled his own. Cao Rui, ch. ... Jiang Wei (姜維, 202-264), or Jiang Boyue, was amongst some of the greatest generals (chiangchun, or jiangjun) during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ...

Zhuge Liang had all along had a chronic illness, which was compounded when he refused to rest even into the early hours of the morning, so that he would be able to complete his analysis of the battlegrounds or to formulate his next plan. He finally died of sickness at the Battle of Wuzhang Plains, while leading a stalemated battle against the Wei commander, Sima Yi, with his far superior force. As a final ploy, he set up a statue of himself to scare off Sima Yi in order to buy time for the Shu army to retreat. Combatants Cao Wei Shu Han Commanders Sima Yi Zhuge Liang† Yang Yi, Fei Yi Strength 200,000 100,000 The Battle of Wuzhang Plains (五丈原之戰) is a famous standoff between the kingdoms of Wei and Shu in 234 A.D. during the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Sima Yi (179 - 251) was a general, military strategist, and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ...

The Sima family controls Wei

The long years of battle between Wei and Shu saw many changes in the ruling Cao family in Wei. The Cao family gradually grew weak after the death of Cao Rui and Sima Yi slowly plotted to usurp the throne. Sima Yi removed Cao Shuang, a powerful noble of Wei from power with a cunning strategy and since then the power of Wei had been in the hands of Sima Yi. After Sima Yi’s death, his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao continued wielding the power of Wei in their hands. Sima Zhao had Cao Fang removed from the throne and replaced Cao Fang with Cao Mao. Later, Cao Mao tried to assassinate Sima Zhao, who had the intention of usurping the throne, but was killed by Sima Zhao’s subordinate. Sima Zhao pretended to grieve and mourn Cao Mao’s death and even later had his subordinate, whom he ordered to kill Cao Mao, executed for committing regicide. Cao Shuang (曹爽) is the son of Cao Zhen. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Sima Zhao (司馬昭) (211-264) was the son of Prime Minister Sima Yi of the Kingdom of Wei, during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... Cao Fang, ch. ... Cao Mao, ch. ... For other uses, see Regicide (disambiguation). ...

End of the Three Kingdoms

Jiang Wei, who inherited Zhuge Liang’s brilliance, carried on Zhuge Liang’s campaign against Wei for a bitter three decades. However, Liu Bei’s incompetent son Liu Shan did not heed Jiang Wei’s advice and listened to the evil eunuch Huang Hao instead. In order to escape from the evil officials in the court, Jiang Wei decided to surrender his military power for the time being and went off to Tazhong. The Wei general Deng Ai, who was at war with Jiang Wei, took the chance to attack Shu-Han. Deng Ai and his troops arrived in front of Chengdu, the capital city of Shu-Han, by taking a shortcut. Liu Shan surrended without a battle and ended the Kingdom of Shu-Han. Jiang Wei planned to rebuild Shu-Han by uniting forces with a Wei general, Zhong Hui, who was at odds with Deng Ai. However, he was not able to see it to the end when his heartache grew intolerable in the midst of the final battle. He then killed himself with a sword, marking the last stand of Shu. Liu Shan, (commonly mispronounced as Liu Chan[1]), (207 – 271) was the second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Huang Hao was a eunuch serving Liu Shan, second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Deng Ai (鄧艾) was a talented young officer of the Kingdom of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ...   (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Cheng-tu), located in southwest China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a sub-provincial city. ... Zhong Hui (鍾會) was a general of the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period in China. ...

In East Wu, there was internal conflict among the nobles ever since the death of Sun Quan. Zhuge Ke tried to usurp the throne of East Wu but was successfully assassinated by Sun Chen. Later, Sun Chen himself also lusted for power and had the emperor of East Wu Sun Liang deposed and replaced with Sun Xiu. Sun Xiu sought help from the old veteran general Ding Feng and had Sun Chen assassinated, and the power of East Wu went back into the hands of Sun Xiu. This did not last for long. This article lacks information on the subject matters importance. ... Sun Liang (孫亮) (243-260), courtesy name Ziming (子明), was an emperor of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Sun Xiu(235-264), the third emperor of the Kingdom of Wu. ... Ding Feng (Chengyuan) 丁奉 (承淵) Comprehensive Officer Biography Place of Birth: Anfeng County, Lu Jiang (Presently He Qui, An Hui Province) Lifespan: AD 190 – 271 (81 Years) Titles: General Who Eliminates the Bandits, Lord of An Feng, Great Minister of War Ding Feng was known as a brave warrior and skilful strategist. ...

In Wei, Sima Yan, son of Sima Zhao, finally forced the last Wei emperor Cao Huan to abdicate in the same manner as Cao Pi had forced Emperor Xian of Han to abdicate. Sima Yan established the Jin Dynasty in AD 265, declaring himself the first emperor of the new dynasty. The Kingdom of Wei came to an end. Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese) and Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese)/monarchical titles. ... Cao Huan, ch. ... The Jin Dynasty (晉 pinyin: jìn, 265-420), one of the Six Dynasties, followed the Three Kingdoms and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China. ...

Sima Yan led the Jin troops to attack East Wu and succeeded in conquering East Wu after a long period of struggle when the last tyrannical emperor of East Wu, Sun Hao surrendered. Thus the Three Kingdoms period concluded after almost a century of civil strife. Sun Hao (孫皓) (242-284), courtesy name Yuanzong (元宗), originally named Sun Pengzu (孫彭祖) with the courtesy name Haozong (皓宗), was the fourth and final emperor of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ...

Literary criticism

Portrait of Pang De in a scene during the Battle of Fancheng from a Qing Dynasty edition of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Luó Guànzhōng's re-telling of this story also gives us a window into the politics of his time. The later Míng Emperor Wànlì had officially elevated Guān Yǔ to the position of a god, Lord Guan, to promote Guān Yǔ's characteristics of bravery and extreme fidelity (characteristics the emperor no doubt wanted to promote in his subjects). Recent research finds in Luó Guànzhōng's Guān Yǔ a fascinating reflection of Chinese culture under Míng rule, the author complying with the program of imperial propaganda while also subtly subverting it. Image File history File linksMetadata Pang_De_Portrait. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Pang_De_Portrait. ... Pang De (? – 219) was a prominent general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji  - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister  - 1911 Yikuang  - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History  - Establishment of the Late... Wanli Emperor (September 4, 1563 - August 18, 1620) was emperor of China (Ming dynasty) between 1572 and 1620. ... Japanese woodblock of Guan Yu by Utagawa Kuniyoshi (1798-1861). ...

Besides the famous oath, many Chinese proverbs in use today are derived from the novel:

"Wives are as clothing, but brothers are as limbs." (妻子如衣服, 兄弟如手足) (a broken marriage can be easily sewn back together, but a damaged friendship can never be repaired or replaced. Some Chinese people also Interpret this phrase to mean, 'A wife can be changed, like laundry, but friendship can never be replaced')

"Speak of 'Cáo Cāo' and Cáo Cāo arrives." (一說曹操, 曹操就到) (equivalent to "speak of the devil" in English when a person under discussion suddenly appears)

"Three inept tailors (are enough to) overcome one Zhūgě Liàng." (三個臭皮匠, 勝過一個諸葛亮, or more colloquially, 三個臭皮匠, 賽過諸葛亮) (Three incapable persons if joined up will always overpower one capable person)

Buddhist aspects

Romance of the Three Kingdoms recorded stories of a Buddhist monk, who was a friend of the renowned general Guān Yǔ and informed him of an assassination attempt. As the novel was written in the Míng Dynasty, more than 1000 years after the era, these stories showed that Buddhism had long been a significant ingredient of the mainstream culture and may not be historically accurate. Luó Guànzhōng preserved these descriptions from earlier versions of the novel to support his portrait of Guān Yǔ as a faithful and a man of virtue. Guān Yǔ was, from then onwards, known as Guān Gōng. Guan Yu (關羽)(162–219) was a military general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... The Míng Dynasty (Chinese: 明朝; Hanyu Pinyin: ) was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644. ... Luó Guànzhōng (Traditional Chinese: 羅貫中, Wade Giles: Lo Kuan-chung) (c1330 - 1400) was a 14th century Chinese author attributed with writing Romance of the Three Kingdoms and editing Outlaws of the Marsh, two of the most revered adventure epics in Chinese literature. ...

Popular saying

Regarding this novel and another Chinese classic Water Margin, there is a popular saying in China that goes: "少不讀水滸, 老不讀三國", translated as "The young shouldn't read Water Margin while the old shouldn't read The Three Kingdoms." The former depicts the lives of outlaws and their defiance with the established social system. Along with the frequent violence, brawls, passionate brotherhood and an emphasis on machismo, it could easily have a negative influence on young boys. The latter presents all kinds of sophisticated stratagem, deceptions, frauds, trickeries, traps and snares employed by the three kingdoms and their individual characters to compete with each other, which might tempt the experienced old readers (the elderly are traditionally well respected, trusted and considered wise and kindhearted in Chinese society) to use them to harm other people. Also, old people are supposed to "know the will of the heavens" (says Confucius). They shouldn't exhaust or strain themselves with always having to consider how to deceive others. It has been suggested that Guo Shiguang be merged into this article or section. ... Confucius (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kung-fu-tzu), lit. ...

Cultural references

The story of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms has been told in numerous forms including television series, manga and video games. A television program (US), television programme (UK) or simply television show is a segment of programming in television broadcasting. ... This article is about the comics published in East Asian countries. ... Computer and video games redirects here. ...

Chinese Manhua

The Ravages of Time is a Chinese Manhua which retells the events of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The drawing style is dark and grim, and while it keeps the main plot intact, the finer details are dramatized. The Ravages of Time (火鳳燎原) is an on-going Chinese manhua series re-telling the events in the Three Kingdoms Period of Chinese history, and the story revolves around the many exploits of the young Sima Yi. ... Manhua (Traditional Chinese: 漫畫; Simplified Chinese: 漫画; Pinyin: ) is a general term for comics produced in China, often including Chinese translations of Japanese manga. ...

Japanese Manga

Romance of the Three Kingdoms has been adapted into several comic versions in Japan, varying in levels of historical accuracy and loyalty to the original novel and popular tradition. Some of the most widely read in Japan are Sangokushi (which is also the Japanese reading for "Romance of the Three Kingdoms") by Yokoyama Mitsuteru (Ushio), Sōten Kōro by King Gonta (Kodansha), and Tenchi o Kurau by Motomiya Hiroshi (Shueisha). Ushio may refer to: Japanese destroyer Ushio, a World War II IJN ship, Ushio (magazine) (æ½®), a Japanese magazine which has a strong connection with Soka Gakkai. ... Sōten Kōro ) is a Japanese manga by manga artist King Gonta ), adapted from an original story by Hagin Yi ). It was serialized by Kodansha in the manga anthology magazine Weekly Morning from 1994 to 2005. ... The head office of Kodansha Kodansha Limited ) is the largest Japanese publisher of literature and manga, headquartered in (Bunkyo), Tokyo. ... Shueisha ) is a major publisher in Japan, headquartered in Tokyo. ...

The manga Ikki Tousen is loosely based on Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but the characters in the story refer to the names in the Japanese version of the book. In the series most characters appear to have similar fates to the characters of the same name from the classic novel. Ikki Tousen , literally one with the strength of a thousand) or Bakunyū Hyper-Battle Ikki Tōsen is a 13 episode anime series loosely based on the manga by Yuji Shiozaki, which is in turn based on the classic Chinese novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ...

The story serves as the basis for SD Gundam Sangokuden: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a manga/model kit line in the long running Musha Gundam SD Gundam series. BB Senshi Sangokuden Fuuun Gouketsu Hen ) is the SD Gundam series for 2007 and the 18th work in the Musha Gundam series. ... For explanation of the Super Deformed Gundam unit, see SD Sengokuden. ... Super Deformed Gundam or SD Gundam is a series of anime, a super deformed parody of the Gundam metaseries. ...

Television

There are multiple television series based on this tale. The 84-episode TV serial Romance of the Three Kingdoms was aired by CCTV, while the Japanese anime series Yokoyama Mitsuteru Sangokushi ran for 47 episodes on TV Tokyo between 1991 and 1992, focusing on the stories before the Battle of Chi Bi. In 1995, Central Chinese Television(CCTV) produced a adaptation of the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ... China Central Television or Chinese Central Television, commonly abbreviated as CCTV (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the major television broadcaster in Mainland China. ... “Animé” redirects here. ... Yokoyama Mitsuteru Sangokushi is the name of the anime series based on the Sangokushi manga by Mitsuteru Yokoyama, itself based on Eiji Yoshikawas retelling of the Chinese literary classic Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ... Battle of Red Cliffs Conflict Wars of the Three Kingdoms Date Winter, 208 Place Chi Bi (Red Cliffs), Chang Jiang Result Decisive Wu and Shu victory Battle of Red Cliffs (赤壁之戰 Battle of Chibi) was a decisive battle of the wars of the Three Kingdoms in China. ...

In 2007, a new anime series was created, focusing very loosely on the tale, it is called Koutetsu Sangokushi Koutetsu Sangokushi (鋼鉄三国志) is one of the Japanese anime loosely-based adaptations of the Chinese Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ...

Computer and video games

Liu Bei (middle), Guan Yu (right), and Zhang Fei (left), as they appear in Dynasty Warriors 5.

There are also PC games based on this tale. The best known of these games are from Koei, which released eleven Romance of the Three Kingdoms strategy titles, usually only released in Asia, excluding expansions (known as 'PK' packs). These strategy titles are one of their most famous franchises and were originally based on the same concept as the earlier Nobunaga's Ambition. This series is also released on video games consoles such as the NES, Super NES, PlayStation and PlayStation 2. Unlike their PC counterparts, the console versions are much more frequently found outside of Asia. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (690x996, 274 KB) Summary Game Art of Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei (Dynasty Warriors). ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (690x996, 274 KB) Summary Game Art of Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei (Dynasty Warriors). ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is 劉 (Liu) Liú Bèi (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) (161 – 223), courtesy name Xuándé (玄徳), was a powerful warlord and the founding emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan (關) Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhang Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Dynasty Warriors 5 (真・三國無双4) is a beat em up video game set in China and the fifth installment in the Dynasty Warriors series, developed by Omega Force and published by Koei, the game was released on the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. ... Koeis Current Company Logo Koei Co. ... Romance of the Three Kingdoms for the Nintendo Entertainment System Sangokushi, the Japanese transliteration of Sanguo Zhi (Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms) is a computer and video game that originated from Japan, a series of turn-based computerized wargames by Koei. ... Nobunagas Ambition (original title, Nobunaga no Yabou) is a 1988 turn-based strategy game by Koei, focused in the Sengoku period of the history of Japan. ... Nes is: A municipality in the county of Akershus in Norway, see Nes, Akershus. ... The European SNES design is identical to the Super Famicom. ... The Sony PlayStation ) is a video game console of the 32/64-bit era, first produced by Sony Computer Entertainment in the mid-1990s. ... PS2 redirects here. ...

Another popular Three Kingdoms game series by Koei is Dynasty Warriors, which uses an action "beat 'em up"-style with tactical elements. The game has been released for PlayStation, PlayStation 2, Xbox, Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, and the PC. It has also generated a spinoff series, Dynasty Tactics. The Logo of Shin Sangokumusou 5 (Dynasty Warriors 6) Dynasty Warriors ( 真・三國無双:Shin Sangokumusou in Japan; literally meaning True - Unrivaled Three Kingdoms) is a series of video games created by Koei based loosely around the Romance of the Three Kingdoms epic, and is a spinoff series of another Koei game Romance... Beat Em Up is the Iggy Pop album on which the band were first labeled as The Trolls: Iggy Pop, Whitey Kirst, Pete Marshall, Alex Kirst, Lloyd Mooseman Roberts. ... Dynasty Tactics (Sangokushi Senki, 三国志戦記) is a series of light strategy games based on the Dynasty Warriors series, also based off of the hard strategy Sangokushi/Romance of the Three Kingdoms series, all from Koei. ...

Also seen are the Sango Fighter series which portrayed the generals as characters in a two-dimensional fighting game. Sango Fighter is a fighting game for DOS made by the chinese Panda Entertainment and released in 1993. ...

A 2D computer role-playing game, entitled Fantasia Sanguo, was released by Taiwanese game company UserJoy Technology. It uses the events of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms as the backdrop for the plot. The re-telling of the story also involves traditional Chinese supernatural entities and concepts. 2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the history, geography, and people of the island known as Taiwan. ...

Capcom released various games based on Motomiya Hiroshi's manga Tenchi o Kurau. These were "brawler" games released for the arcade known as Dynasty Wars, and its sequel, Warriors of Fate. There are also two console role playing games for the NES, the first of which was released in North America as Destiny of an Emperor. Centipede by Atari is a typical example of a 1980s era arcade game. ... Dynasty Wars is an arcade game that was released in 1989 by Capcom. ... Warriors of Fate is the English adaptation of the Japanese arcade game, Tenchi wo Kurau II ), which uses the manga Tenchi wo Kurau (based on the Romance of the Three Kingdoms story) as the background, and also the sequel of Dynasty Wars (Tenchi wo Kurau in Japan). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Destiny of an Emperor (Tenchi o Kurau) is a fairly traditional RPG for the Nintendo Entertainment System. ...

Three installments of a similar game to Warriors of Fate, Knights of Valour, were released by International Games System. These are best described as side-scrolling "beat-'em-up" games, similar to the Double Dragon arcade games. International Games System or IGS is a company, based in Taiwan, which develops video game software for the arcade and PC. It was founded in 1991. ... Billy and Jimmy Lee, the protagonists of the Double Dragon series. ...

Sega released a hybrid card/board/strategy game entitled Sangokushi Taisen, in which players manipulate cards on a tabletop to move military units in order to take destroy enemy castles. This article is about the video game company. ...

In the MMORPG MapleStory, there are a number of equipment suits that are named after and designed to look like characters from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. An image from World of Warcraft, one of the largest commercial MMORPGs as of 2004, based on active subscriptions. ... This article is about the original game for Windows. ...

The real-time strategy game Three Kingdoms: Fate of the Dragon, released for the PC by Eidos Interactive in 2001, portrays all of the events appearing in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms story. A real-time strategy (RTS) video game is one that is distinctly not turn-based. ... Eidos Interactive is a publisher of video and computer games with its parent company based in the United Kingdom. ...

Collectible card games

The Magic: The Gathering expansion Portal: Three Kingdoms is drawn specifically from this tale. Magic: The Gathering (colloq. ... Portal Three Kingdoms is the third Magic: The Gathering expansion of the Portal block. ...

See also

• Records of Three Kingdoms
• Personages of the Three Kingdoms
• Timeline of the Three Kingdoms period
• Military history of the Three Kingdoms
• Dynasty Warriors
• List of Dynasty Warriors characters
• Chinese literature
• The Yellow Turban Rebellion
• Battle of Hulao Pass
• Battle of Red Cliffs
• Battle of Wu Zhang Plains
• The Battle of Red Cliff (film)
• End of Han Dynasty
• ISBN 978-7119005904

The Records of Three Kingdoms (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the official and authoritative historical text on the period of Three Kingdoms covering from 189 to 280, that was composed by Chen Shou in the 3rd century. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... This is a timeline of the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... The Three Kingdoms period in China incorporated almost a century of prolonged warfare and disorder. ... The Logo of Shin Sangokumusou 5 (Dynasty Warriors 6) Dynasty Warriors ( 真・三國無双:Shin Sangokumusou in Japan; literally meaning True - Unrivaled Three Kingdoms) is a series of video games created by Koei based loosely around the Romance of the Three Kingdoms epic, and is a spinoff series of another Koei game Romance... There are 52 playable characters in the Dynasty Warriors series as of the release of Dynasty Warriors 5, including four characters (Fu Xi, Nu Wa, Nobunaga and Toukichi) who are no longer in the current games. ... Chinese literature spans back thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the matured fictional novel arising in the medieval period to entertain the masses of literate Chinese. ... Combatants Yellow Turbans Han Dynasty Commanders Zhang Jiao Zhang Bao Zhang Liang He Jin Huangfu Song Lu Zhi Zhu Jun Dong Zhuo Cao Cao Strength 360,000 Various Casualties Unknown Unknown The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) was a... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... For the film also known as The Battle of Red Cliff, see Red Cliff (film). ... Combatants Shu Han Cao Wei Commanders Zhuge Liang† Yang Yi, Fei Yi Sima Yi Strength 100,000 200,000 The Battle of Wuzhang Plains (五丈原之戰) is a famous standoff between the kingdoms of Wei and Shu in 234 A.D. during the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... This article is about a film, for the historical battle see Battle of Red Cliffs Red Cliff (Chinese: ) is the highly anticipated John Woo film based on the events of Three Kingdoms period, specifically the Battle of Red Cliffs, as portrayed in historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by... The End of Han Dynasty (漢朝末年 or 東漢末年, the End of Eastern Han Dynasty) refers to a period roughly coinciding with the reign of Han Dynastys final emperor Emperor Xian (r. ...

External links

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Romance of the Three Kingdoms

• Several chapters of the original Chinese text. (simplified characters)
• New Three Kingdoms Novel Series - Three Kingdoms rewritten for the 21st century.
• Private painting collection of Mr. Loke Gim Tay (骆锦地) by artist Mr. Xie Jin Yong (薛金拥)
• Principally American website. Section dedicated to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms novel and history with translated and original content.
• Principally Chinese and Southeast Asian website. A view of the novel and the historical period from the TV series perspective and debates.
• English/Chinese Name Conversion Chart. An ever-growing list of Chinese officers with their names as found in English followed by their Chinese Hanzi.
• Descriptions of the major events in the Three Kingdoms period.
• "Records of the warring states" English translation by Dr. B.S. Bonsall

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ... Emperor Ling of Han, trad. ... Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ... Emperor Xian of Han, trad. ... Cáo Cāo (155 – March 15, 220, pronounced Tsau Tsau) was a regional warlord and the second last Chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during its final years in ancient China. ... Cáo PÄ« (曹丕, 187-June 29, 226[1]), formally Emperor Wen of (Cao) Wei (曹魏文帝), courtesy name Zihuan (子桓), was born in Qiao County, Pei Commandery (modern Bozhou, Anhui). ... Cao Rui, ch. ... Cao Fang, ch. ... Cao Mao, ch. ... Cao Huan, ch. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is 劉 (Liu) Liú Bèi (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) (161 – 223), courtesy name Xuándé (玄徳), was a powerful warlord and the founding emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Liu Shan, (commonly mispronounced as Liu Chan[1]), (207 – 271) was the second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... SÅ«n Jiān (155 – 191) was a military general and minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Sun Ce (175 – 200) was a military general and warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Sun Quan (孫權 pinyin: SÅ«n Quán) (182 - 252), son of Sun Jian, was the third ruler of the State of Wu and the founder of Kingdom of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period, in China. ... Sun Liang (孫亮) (243-260), courtesy name Ziming (子明), was an emperor of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Sun Xiu(235-264), the third emperor of the Kingdom of Wu. ... Sun Hao (å­«çš“) (242-284), courtesy name Yuanzong (元宗), originally named Sun Pengzu (孫彭祖) with the courtesy name Haozong (çš“å®—), was the fourth and final emperor of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Emperor WÇ” of Jìn, sim. ... Ding Yuan (? - 189) was a rival warlord to Dong Zhou. ... Dong Zhuo (董卓; Pinyin: DÇ’ng Zhuō) (139 – 192) was a warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Gongsun Zan (公孫瓚 gong1 sun1 zan4), courtesy name Bogui, was a warlord of northern China active toward the end of the second century AD. He was commander of a cavalry force and served on the northern and eastern frontiers of the Han Dynasty empire fighting against various non-Chinese peoples. ... Han Fu (韓馥) was a bureaucrat during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Kong Rong (孔融, 153-208 AD) was a civil officer, poet, and warlord of the Later Han period, as well as a descendant of Confucius. ... Liú BiÇŽo (劉表 142 – 208) was the governor of the Jing province in China towards the end of the Han Dynasty. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... This article is about the late Eastern Han warlord. ... Lü Bu (? – 199) was a military general and later minor warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Meng Huo (孟獲), the Great King of Nan Zhong. ... Yan Baihu was a bandit of the Wu territory. ... Yuan Shang the third son of Yuan Shao. ... Yuan Shao (? – 202) was a major warlord occupying the north of ancient China during the massive civil war towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms era. ... Yuan Shu (袁术; style name Gonglu 公路) (?? - 199) was a major warlord of the Later Han Dynasty who rose to prominence following the collapse of the Han court in 189. ... Yuán Tán (Chinese: ; pinyin: yuán tán) (173 – 205) was the eldest son of the warlord Yuan Shao and served as a military commander under his father during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Zhang Jiao or Zhang Jue (d. ... Zhang Lu (? - ?) was a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... Zhang Xiu (张绣) (? - 207) was born in Zuli, Wuwei (southwest of modern day Jingyuan, Gansu province). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Chen Qun (陳羣) a certain minister serving under Wei. ... The Chinese general Cheng Yu was one of the few people who stayed with Han Dynasty warlord Cao Cao during his escape from the Battle of Chi Bi. ... Guō Jiā (郭嘉)(170-207), courtesy name Fèngxiào (奉孝), was a famous strategist and advisor for the Kingdom of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China. ... Jia Xu (147 - 224 AD) was an advisor to the Wei Kingdom. ... Man Chong (满宠; ? – 242) was an officer of Cao Cao and later the Kingdom of Wei. ... Mi Heng (彌衡) (?-200 A.D) was a great scholar of the Three Kingdoms period. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Sima Yi (179 - 251) was a general, military strategist, and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Sima Zhao (司馬昭) (211-264) was the son of Prime Minister Sima Yi of the Kingdom of Wei, during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... Wang Lang (? - 228?) was a politician during the end of the Han Dynasty and then into the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Xun Yu (荀彧) was one of Cao Caos greatest advisors during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Fǎ Zhèng(法正), courtesy name Xiàozhí (孝直), was born in about 175 A.D. in China during the fall of the Han Dynasty. ... Fei Yi (費禕) (d. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Jiang Wan (? - 246 AD) was an officer of the Shu Kingdom. ... Ma Liang (馬良; style name Jichang 季常; sometimes called Bomei 白眉 White eyebrows) was an advisor to Liu Bei, ruler of the Three Kingdoms state of Shu until his death in 222. ... Ma Su (190 – 228) was a military strategist under the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Mi Zhu (? – 219) was a highly esteemed advisor and brother-in-law of the powerful warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Qing Dynasty illustration. ... Xu Shu (徐庶) was one of Liu Beis advisors during the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms period, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ... Bu Zhi(步骘), styled Zishan(子山), was a scholar of the kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Gu Yong was born in Wu county of Wu prefecture. ... Lu Su (鲁肃) was an advisor for the kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China, having taken over the position from Zhou Yu. ... Lu Kang (陸抗; 226 – 274) was a son of Lu Xun and the grandson of Sun Ce. ... For the 20th century Vernacular Chinese writer, see Lu Xun. ... Lu Fan was a very successful and highly ranked Chinese general under Sun Quan during the Three Kingdoms era. ... Xue Zong (薛綜) (d. ... Zhang Hong was a Confucianist and brilliant minister who served Sun Ce and Sun Quan, the leaders of the state of Wu. ... Zhang Zhao (張昭) (156 - 236) was a brilliantly minded civil officer who served under the Sun family at the time of the Three Kingdoms in China. ... Zhou Yu (175 - 210) was a famous militarist and strategist of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... ZhÅ«gé Jǐn (諸葛謹) (174 - 241 AD) was a minister of the Kingdom of Wu of China and older brother of the famous Shu strategist Zhuge Liang. ... This article lacks information on the subject matters importance. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Li Ru (李儒) was the son-in-law of Dong Zhuo. ... Li Su was a famous general of the late Han Dynasty. ... Tian Feng was an advisor of Yuan Shao. ... Cao Hong (169 - 233) was a warrior of the Kingdom of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Cao Ren (168 – 223) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Cao Xiu (? – 228) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao and succeeding rulers of the Kingdom of Wei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Cao Zhang (曹彰; styled Ziwen 子文) was a son of Cao Cao and a general of the Wei during the Three Kingdoms period in China. ... ... Deng Ai (鄧艾) was a talented young officer of the Kingdom of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. ... Dian Wei (? – 197) was a warrior during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Guo Huai was a minor Wei general who served under Cao Cao. ... Li Dian was a renowned scholarly general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Pang De (? – 219) was a prominent general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Wen Pin (文聘) (178-?) is a figure in Chinese military history. ... Xiahou Dun (? – 220) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Xiahou Yuan (? – 219) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Xu Chu was a warrior living in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Xu Xu Huang (169 – 227) was a prominent general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao and his successor Cao Pi during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Yu Jin (? – 220) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... An officer who joined Cao Cao early on in his quest for power (not to be confused with Yu Jin), he was a senior general holding a high rank. ... Zang Ba is one of the personages of the Three Kingdoms. ... For the 15th Century fleet Admiral, see Zheng He Zhang He (張郃) (167 – 231) was a distinguished military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Zhang Liao (169 – 222) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Zhong Hui (鍾會) was a general of the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period in China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... Guan Ping (關平, ? – 219) was the first son of the 3rd century Chinese military general Guan Yu and elder brother of Guan Xing. ... Guan Xing was the second son of the 3rd century Chinese military general Guan Yu and the younger brother of Guan Ping. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan (é—œ) Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. ... Huang Zhong (黄忠; style name: Hansheng 汉升) (? - 220), was born Nanyang (in modern day Henan province). ... Jiang Wei (姜維, 202-264), or Jiang Boyue, was amongst some of the greatest generals (chiangchun, or jiangjun) during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... Li Yan (? – 234) was formerly an officer under Liu Zhang. ... Liao Hua (廖化; ? - 263 CE), courtesy name Yuanjian (元儉), a military and political figure in ancient Chinese history. ... In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, Liu Feng was the adopted son of Liu Bei, founder of the Kingdom of Shu. ... Ma Chao (176 - 222) was the eldest son of Ma Teng and a general of the Three Kingdoms Period. ... Ma Dai was a general of the kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period and former officer under Ma Teng, and later Ma Chao. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Wang Ping is a figure in Chinese military history. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Qing Dynasty illustration. ... Yan Yan (嚴顏) was a brave and loyal general under Liu Zhang during the Three Kingdoms Period in Chinese history. ... Zhang Bao (張苞 å¼ è‹ž) was the oldest son of Shu Han general Zhang Fei. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhang Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Zhao Yun (? - 229[1]) was a major military general during the civil wars of the late Han Dynasty and during the Three Kingdoms era of China. ... Zhou Cang was a fictional character created by Luo Guanzhong in his Romance of the Three Kingdoms . ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Chen Chen Wu (陳武 or 陈武) was a military general who served under the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of China. ... Cheng Pu was a veteran warrior skilled at using the serpent spear who served the Sun family for three generations. ... Ding Feng (Chengyuan) 丁奉 (承淵) Comprehensive Officer Biography Place of Birth: Anfeng County, Lu Jiang (Presently He Qui, An Hui Province) Lifespan: AD 190 – 271 (81 Years) Titles: General Who Eliminates the Bandits, Lord of An Feng, Great Minister of War Ding Feng was known as a brave warrior and skilful strategist. ... Dong Xi (董襲) was a courageous Wu kingdom general from Kuaiji who first entered service with Wu under Sun Ce. ... Gan Ning (甘寧) lived from 175 AD to about 218 AD during the period of Chinese history known as the Three Kingdoms Period. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Huang Gai (黃蓋) was an officer of the Kingdom of Wu in during Chinas Three Kingdoms period. ... Jiang Qin Also known as Gongyi. ... Ling Tong (凌 çµ±), Born in 189 AD at Yuhang, Wujun (Zhe Jiang Province). ... Lü Meng (å‘‚è’™ 178 - 219) was a great general of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ... // [edit] Origin & Joining Wu Pan Zhang originated from Fagan in Dongjun (Presently Puyang in Henan Province). ... Very little is actually known about Sun Shao. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Xu Sheng (徐盛) (?-?) was a brave Wu general who participated in several battles for Wu. ... Zhou Tai (周泰; d. ... Zhu Ran (182 - 248) was a military general for the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of China. ... Zhu Zhi (156-224) was an officer of the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms Period in China. ... Cao Xing was a military officer under Lü Bu during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Gao Shun (? – 198) was a military officer under the minor warlord Lü Bu during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... Han Sui (??–215) was a warrior and military leader in the waning years of the Han Dynasty and in the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. ... He Jin (? – 189) was the elder half-brother of Empress He, consort to Emperor Ling of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Hua Xiong (? – 190) was a military commandant under the tyrannical warlord Dong Zhuo during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Huang Zu was a general of Wu and serving Lord Lü Gong during the Three Kingdoms period in Ancient China. ... An Officer under Yuan Shu, he lead a campaign against the three brothers Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. ... King Wutugu (兀突骨) is a character in the classical Chinese historical novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Wen Chou was a great military general under Yuan Shao nearing the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China. ... Xu Rong (? - 192) was a general in the service of Dong Zhuo at the end of the Han dynasty in China. ... Yan Liang (颜良) was a general serving under Yuan Shao during the Eastern Han Dynasty period of ancient China. ... Zhang Ren (?-213 AD) In the novel [[Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] by Luo Guanzhong, Zhang Ren was an officer under the warlord Liu Zhang. ... Diao Chan (貂蟬, py: Diāo Chán) was one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards and to make a clear distinction between fact and fiction, this article may require cleanup. ... Huà Tuó was a famous Chinese physician during the Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms era. ... Lady Wu(200-256) was a master swordsman. ... Lü Lingqi (呂玲綺) is the fictional name of the daughter of Lu Bu and his first wife Lady Yan. ... Sima Hui (司馬徽) is a character in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. His taoist name was Water Mirror, Shui-ching, or Shui Jing. ... Lady Sun, or most famously Sun Shangxiang (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) as she is called in Chinese opera and in contemporary culture, lived during the Three Kingdoms era of ancient China. ... Wang Yun was the father of Diao Chan, and is most famous for creating the great rift that led to the death of Dong Zhuo at the hands of Lu Bu. ... Homonymy : Zhurong is originally the name of a mythical emperor and fire deity of Chinese antiquity. ... Zuo Ci (左慈) is a semi-legendary personage of the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. ...