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Encyclopedia > Romanesque art
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This article is part of the
History of western
architecture
series.
Neolithic architecture
Ancient Egyptian architecture
Sumerian architecture
Classical architecture
Ancient Greek architecture
Ancient Roman architecture
Medieval architecture
Byzantine architecture
Romanesque architecture
Gothic architecture
Renaissance architecture
Baroque architecture
Neoclassical architecture
Modern architecture
Postmodern architecture
Critical Regionalism
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Interior of the Saint-Saturnin church
St-Sernin, Toulouse, 1080 – 1120: elevation of the east end
St-Sernin, Toulouse, 1080 – 1120: elevation of the east end
Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. Trophime, Arles
Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. Trophime, Arles
Romanesque abbey church of Jumièges, Normandy
Romanesque St. Michael's Church (1010-33) in Hildesheim – a World Heritage Site
Romanesque St. Michael's Church (1010-33) in Hildesheim – a World Heritage Site

The name Romanesque, like many other stylistic designations, was not a term contemporary with the art it describes but an invention of modern scholarship to categorize a period. The term "Romanesque" attempts to link the architecture, especially, of the 11th and 12th centuries in medieval Europe to Roman Architecture based on similarities of forms and materials. Romanesque is characterized by a use of round or slightly pointed arches, barrel vaults, cruciform piers supporting vaults, and groin vaults. The great carved portals of 12th century church facades (see Church of St. Trophime) parallel the architectural novelty of the period—monumental stone sculpture seems reborn in the Romanesque. Image File history File links SaintPierre1. ... Architectural history studies the evolution and history of architecture across the world through a consideration of various influences- artistic, socio-cultural, political, economic and technological. ... Neolithic architecture is the architecture of the New Stone Age period and is classified under the category Prehistoric architecture. ... For at least ten thousand years, the Nile valley has been the site of one of the most influential civilizations in the world. ... The Sumerians generally built structures using mud brick. ... From the point of view of modern times, the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean sometimes seem to blend smoothly into one melange we call the Classical. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Romans adopted the external language of classical Greek architecture for their own purposes, which were so different from Greek buildings as to create a new architectural style. ... Medieval architecture is a term used to represent various forms of architecture popular in the Middle Ages. ... The 11th-century monastery of Hosios Lukas in Greece is representative of the Byzantine art during the rule of Macedonian dynasty. ... Jump to: navigation, search See also Gothic art. ... By Region: Italian Renaissance Northern Renaissance *French Renaissance *German Renaissance *English Renaissance Tempietto, San Pietro in Montorio, Rome, 1502 designed by Donato Bramante. ... Jump to: navigation, search For the Baroque style in a more general sense, see Baroque. ... Neoclassical architecture as a movement began in the 18th century, as a reaction against both the surviving Baroque and Rococo styles, and as a desire to return to the perceived purity of the arts of Rome, the more vague perception (ideal) of Ancient Greek arts (where almost no western artist... Modern architecture is a broad term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament, that first arose around 1900. ... Postmodernity or postmodern architecture is a period whose first examples are generally cited as being from the 1950s, which runs through the present. ... Critical Regionalism is an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning. ... Download high resolution version (464x688, 60 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (464x688, 60 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links StSerninToulousDB22. ... Image File history File links StSerninToulousDB22. ... Image File history File links Arlescloisterfigures. ... Image File history File links Arlescloisterfigures. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1307x1188, 297 KB)Abbey of Jumièges, Normandy, France. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1307x1188, 297 KB)Abbey of Jumièges, Normandy, France. ... Jump to: navigation, search Mont Saint Michel is a historic pilgrimage site and a symbol of Normandy Normandy is a geographical region in northern France. ... Romanesque-Ottonian St. ... Romanesque-Ottonian St. ... World Heritage Site #86: Memphis and its Necropolis, including the Pyramids of Giza (Egypt). ... A cultural movement is a change in the way a number of different disciplines approach their work. ... // Scope and intentions According to the very earliest surviving work on the subject, Vitruvius De Architectura, good buildings should have Beauty (Venustas), Firmness (Firmitas) and Utility (Utilitas); architecture can be said to be a balance and coordination among these three elements, with none overpowering the others. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... World map showing Europe (geographically) When considered a continent, Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 km² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Romans adopted the external language of classical Greek architecture for their own purposes, which were so different from Greek buildings as to create a new architectural style. ... A typical arch An arch is a curved structure capable of spanning a space while supporting significant weight (e. ... In architecture, the barrel vault is a vault which is similar to a tunnel. ... Cruciform means having the shape of a cross. ... In architecture, a pier is an upright support for a superstructure, such as an arch or bridge. ... In architecture, a vault is an arched structure of masonry, forming a ceiling or canopy. ... A quadripartite gothic vault, like a simple groin vault, can be thought of as the intersection of two barrel vaults. ... Portal of Church of Saint Trophime Saints from facade of Saint Trophime Saints from facade of Saint Trophime Figures from facade of Saint Trophime The Church of St. ...


Romanesque seems to have been the first pan-European style since Roman Imperial Architecture and examples are found in every part of the continent. One important fact pointed out by the stylistic similarity of buildings across Europe is the relative mobility of medieval people. Contrary to many modern ideas of life before the Industrial Revolution, merchants, nobles, knights, artisans, and peasants crossed Europe and the Mediterranean world for business, war, and religious pilgrimages, carrying their knowledge of what buildings in different places looked like. The important pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, modern north east Spain, may have generated as well as spread some aspects of the Romanesque style. Jump to: navigation, search The Romans adopted the external language of classical Greek architecture for their own purposes, which were so different from Greek buildings as to create a new architectural style. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Industrial Revolution was the major technological, socioeconomic and cultural change in the late 18th and early 19th century resulting from the replacement of an economy based on manual labor to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Jump to: navigation, search Pilgrim at Mecca A pilgrimage is a term primarily used in religion and spirituality of a long journey or search of great moral significance. ... The Obradoiro façade of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela: an all-but-Gothic composition generated entirely of classical details Santiago de Compostela (2003 pop. ... Motto: Capital Santiago de Compostela Official languages Galician and Castilian Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 7th  29 574 km²  5,8% Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked 5th  2 737 370  6,5%  92,36/km² Demonym  â€“ English  â€“ Galician  â€“ Spanish  â€“ Portuguese  Galician  galego  gallego  galego Statute of Autonomy April...

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Surviving Romanesque buildings

Listed below are examples of surviving Romanesque buildings in modern France, Germany, Spain, Ireland, Italy, England, Netherlands, Scandinavia and Central Europe. Jump to: navigation, search Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK... Jump to: navigation, search Scandinavia, Fennoscandia, and the Kola Peninsula. ... Jump to: navigation, search Historical lands and provinces in Central Europe Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ...

France

Jump to: navigation, search Abbey seen from above Abbey with lavender fields Interior of the abbey church The Abbey of Sénanque (French: Abbaye Notre-Dame de Sénanque) is a Cistercian abbey near the village of Gordes in the département of the Vaucluse in Provence, France. ... Categories: Stub ... The Capitole, the 18th century city hall of Toulouse and best known landmark in the city; in the foreground is the Place du Capitole, a hub of urban life at the very center of the city Toulouse (pronounced in standard French, in local Toulouse accent) (Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced ) is a... Location within France Street in the centre of Dijon Dijon (   pronunciation?) is a city in eastern France, the préfecture (administrative capital) of the Côte-dOr département (county) and of the Bourgogne région. ... Clermont-Ferrand is a city of France, in the Auvergne region, with a population of approximately 140,000. ... Issoire, a town of central France, capital of an arrondissement in the départements of Puy-de-Dôme, on the Couze, near its junction with the Allier, 22 m. ... Angoulême is a town in southwestern France, préfecture (capital city) of the Charente département. ... Portal of Church of Saint Trophime Saints from facade of Saint Trophime Saints from facade of Saint Trophime Figures from facade of Saint Trophime The Church of St. ... Map of western Mediterranean, showing location of Arles Arles (Arle in Provençal) is a city in the south of France, in the Bouches-du-Rhône département, of which it is a sous-préfecture, in the former province of Provence. ... Vézelay is a commune in the Yonne département in the Burgundy region of France. ... Jump to: navigation, search For the wine, see Bordeaux Wine City motto: Lilia sola regunt lunam undas castra leonem. ... Paray-le-Monial is a town and commune of northeastern France, in the region of Burgundy, in the Saône-et-Loire département, at 245 m (804 ft) above sea-level. ... Périgueux (  pronunciation?) is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Dordogne département and capital of the Périgord area. ... Location within France Poitiers (population 85,000) is a small city located in west central France. ... Saint Savin, also referred to as Saint-Savin sur Gartempe, is a commune of the Vienne département, in the former province of Poitou, France. ... Cluny nowadays The town of Cluny or Clugny lies in the modern-day département of Saône-et-Loire in the région of France, near Mâcon. ... Chapaize is a small village and commune in southern Burgundy near Cluny. ... Cruas is a small village by the Rhone River in the Ardèche département of France. ... Farmers market in Uzès Uzès is a picturesque town and commune in the Gard département, Languedoc, about 15 miles north-northeast of Nîmes. ... The Fontevraud Abbey (or Fontevrault Abbey) is located in the village of Fontevraud-lAbbaye, near Chinon, in Anjou, France. ... Autun is a town in the Saône-et-Loire département in Burgundy, France. ... Jump to: navigation, search Mont Saint Michel is a historic pilgrimage site and a symbol of Normandy Normandy is a geographical region in northern France. ... The ruins of the abbey of Jumièges still exemplify the Romanesque style of architecture. ... Seine-Maritime is a French département in Normandy. ... Location within France Caen is a city and a commune of northwestern France. ... For the apple brandy produced in the region, see Calvados (spirit). ... Location within France Caen is a city and a commune of northwestern France. ... Manche is a French département in Normandy named after La Manche (the sleeve), which is the French name of the English Channel. ... Jump to: navigation, search Martin-du-Canigou Monastery. ... Mount Canigou (2785m), a Catalan landmark Roussillon (Catalan Rosselló; Spanish Rosellón) is one of the historical Catalan Countries corresponding roughly to the present-day southern French département of Pyrénées-Orientales (Eastern Pyrenees). ...

Germany

Jump to: navigation, search Map of Germany showing Mainz Mainz (French: Mayence) is a city in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... Mainz Cathedral Mainz Cathedral, formally known as or Mainzer Dom in German, is located near the historical center of Mainz, Germany. ... Abbey of Maria Laach The medival abbey of Maria Laach was built between 1093 and 1216. ... Trier: The Porta Nigra, viewed from outside Location of Trier Trier (French: Trèves, Spanish: Treveris, Italian: Treviri) is Germanys oldest city. ...   Hildesheim[?] is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... Hildesheim Cathedral, view from the northwest St. ... Michaeliskriche: View from southeast The Church of St. ...

Spain

Leon Cathedral León Cathedral, also called The House of Light is situated in the city of León in north-west Spain. ... Ripoll Ripoll is the capital of the comarca (county) of Ripollès, in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. ... Region La Armuña Province Salamanca Autonomous community Castilla y León Postal code 37001-370nn Coordinates  - Latitude:  - Longitude 40°58 N 5º40 W Altitude 802 m Surface 386 km² Distances 212 km to Madrid 115 km to Valladolid Population  - Total (2004)  - Density 157. ... Sant Climent de Taüll The church of Sant Climent de Taüll is located in the town of Taüll, in the province of Lleida, Spain. ... Empordà is a historical region of Catalonia, divided since 1936 into two comarques, Alt Empordà and Baix Empordà. Categories: Spain geography stubs ... The Obradoiro façade of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela: an all-but-Gothic composition generated entirely of classical details Santiago de Compostela (2003 pop. ... Ourense (Galician: Ourense; Spanish: Orense) is a town in northwestern Spain, the capital of the province of Ourense in Galicia. ... The Alcázar of Segovia For the Spanish classical guitarist, see Andrés Segovia. ... A picture from the air Tarragona Ampitheatre Tarragona is a city located in the south of Catalonia, Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. ... Zamora is a city in Castile-Leon, Spain, the capital of the province of Zamora. ...

Switzerland

  • Abbey of Romainmôtier
  • Church of Saint-Sulpice, Vaud
  • Payerne

Saint-Sulpice is a commune in Switzerland in the canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges. ... Payerne is a town in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. ...

Ireland

Cashel (Irish: An Caisleán) is a town in County Tipperary, Republic of Ireland, located south of the midlands of Ireland. ... County Kerry (Irish: Ciarraí) is a county in the southwest of Ireland, in the Munster province of the Republic of Ireland, informally referred to as The Kingdom. ... Clonmacnoise viewed from the River Shannon The monastery of Clonmacnoise (Cluain Mhic Nóis in Irish, meaning Meadow of the Sons of Nós) is situated in County Offaly, Ireland on the River Shannon south of Athlone. ... Tuam is a small town in County Galway in the Republic of Ireland. ... County Waterford (Port Láirge in Irish) is a county in the province of Munster on the south coast of Ireland. ... Wicklow (Cill Mhantáin in Irish) is a county on the east coast of Ireland, immediately south of Dublin. ... County Roscommon (Ros Comáin in Irish) is a county located in central Ireland. ... Jump to: navigation, search Dublin (Irish: Baile Átha Cliath), is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, located near the midpoint of Irelands east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey and at the centre of the Dublin region. ... Clonfert Cathedral is the historical see of the Bishop of Clonfert. ... County Galway (Contae na Gaillimhe in Irish) is located on the west coast of Ireland. ... County Galway (Contae na Gaillimhe in Irish) is located on the west coast of Ireland. ... County Fermanagh (Contae Fhear Manach or Fear Manach in Irish), is the westernmost of the six counties that form Northern Ireland. ... County Clare (Contae an Chláir in Irish) is in the Irish province of Munster. ... County Kilkenny (Cill Chainnigh in Irish) is located in the south east of Ireland in the province of Leinster. ... County Kilkenny (Cill Chainnigh in Irish) is located in the south east of Ireland in the province of Leinster. ... The church at Killeshin is largely twelfth century in date, although some parts show evidence of later rebuilding, including a late Gothic east window. ... Laois (pronounced Leash), also spelt Laoighis or Leix, is a county in the midlands of Ireland. ... For other places with similar names, see Londonderry (disambiguation) and Derry (disambiguation). ... County Tipperary (Tiobraid Árann in Irish) is a traditional county in the Republic of Ireland, in the province of Munster. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... County Offaly (Irish: Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Leinster, Ireland, bordered by seven other counties: Galway, Roscommon, Westmeath, Meath, Kildare, Laois, and Tipperary. ... Laois (pronounced Leash), also spelt Laoighis or Leix, is a county in the midlands of Ireland. ... Ancient church at Glendalough monastic site Glendalough is a village located at the site of an ancient monastery located in County Wicklow, Ireland. ...

Italy

Location within Italy Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ... Forlì, 44°13′ N 12°02′ E, is a comune and city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, the seat of the province of Forlì. Its 110,209 inhabitants are Forlivesi, because in Antiquity it was called Forum Livii. ... Church San Michele in Pavia Pavia (the ancient Ticinum) (population 71,000) is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 35 km south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po. ... Jump to: navigation, search Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area  - City Proper  102 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43°47 N 11°15 E... This page is about the city in Italy; for other uses, see Verona (disambiguation). ... The Cathedral of Cefal by night LungomareBoardwalk beach in Cefal Cefal is an ancient city in the province of Palermo, in Sicily, Italy. ... The Lambro River runs through Monza. ... Jump to: navigation, search Pisas coat of arms This article is about Pisa in Italy. ...

England

In England, Romanesque architecture is often termed 'Norman architecture'. Jump to: navigation, search Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK... Norman architecture is: a term still applied by writers in English to the buildings erected by the Normans, in the various lands that fell under their dominion in the 10th and 11th centuries; a term applied to architecture in Normandy. ...

St Peters St, Canterbury, from the West Gate, 1993 Canterbury (Latin: Duroverum) is a cathedral city in the county of Kent in southeast England. ... Canterbury Cathedral, N.W., ca. ... Jump to: navigation, search Durham (IPA: locally, in RP) is a small city in the north east of England. ... Durham Cathedral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Location within the British Isles Hereford Cathedral Hereford (Welsh: Henffordd (pronounced Henfuth)) is a city in the west of England, close to the border with Wales and on the River Wye. ... The current Hereford Cathedral, located at Hereford in England, United Kingdom, dates from 1079. ... Kilpeck (Welsh: Llanddewi Cil Peddeg) is a Herefordshire village renowned for its Norman church, with striking stone carvings, particularly the arch above the south door. ... Location within the British Isles For the town of Leominster, Massachusetts, see Leominster, Massachusetts. ... Map sources for Ludlow at grid reference SO5174 Feathers Hotel, Ludlow (Photo by Mick Knapton) Ludlow is a town in Shropshire, situated almost on the border between England and Wales. ... Ludlow Castle is a large, now ruined castle which dominates the town of Ludlow in Shropshire, England. ... Peterborough is a city in the east of England. ... Peterborough Cathedral from the south east, circa 1898 Peterborough Cathedral - west prospect in the seventeenth century Peterborough Cathedral is dedicated to Saint Peter, Saint Paul and Saint Andrew, and is very unusual amongst medieval cathedrals in Great Britain because of its triple front (dominated by the statues of the three... Southwell is a small town in Nottinghamshire, England. ... Southwell Minster Southwell Minster is a minster and cathedral, in the British town of Southwell in Nottinghamshire, six miles away from Newark. ... St Albans (thus spelt, no apostrophe or dot) is the main urban area of the City and District of St Albans in southern Hertfordshire, England, around 22 miles (35. ... St Albans Cathedral from the west. ...

Netherlands

  • Sint Servaas, Maastricht
  • Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe, Maastricht
  • Munsterkerk, Roermond
  • Janskerk, Utrecht
  • Pieterskerk, Utrecht
  • St. Plechelmus, Oldenzaal
  • Chapel, Lemiers
  • Reformed church, Oirschot

Maastricht (Limburgish and city dialect: Mestreech; French: Maestricht) is a municipality, and capital of the province of Limburg. ...

Belgium

Categories: Belgium-related stubs | Belgian towns | UN World Heritage Sites | Romanesque architecture ... Nivelles is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant. ...

Scandinavia

Lund is a city in Scania in southernmost Sweden, and the center of the Lund Municipality. ... County Sør-Trøndelag Landscape Municipality NO-1601 Administrative centre Trondheim Mayor (2005) Rita Ottervik (A) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 258 342 km² 322 km² 0. ...

Poland

Central Europe

Jump to: navigation, search Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... The Říp Mountain. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Belapatfalva - a village in Hungary, north of Eger. ...

See also

Architectural style constitutes a mode of classifying architecture largely by morphological characteristics in terms of form, techniques, materials, etc. ... Medieval architecture is a term used to represent various forms of architecture popular in the Middle Ages. ... Ottonian Architecture evolved during the reign of Emperor Otto the Great (936-975). ... Jump to: navigation, search See also Gothic art. ...

External links

  • Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland
  • Illustrated history (French)
  • Overview of French Romanesque art

  Results from FactBites:
 
Romanesque architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (329 words)
The term "Romanesque" attempts to link the architecture, especially, of the 11th and 12th centuries in medieval Europe to Roman Architecture based on similarities of forms and materials.
Romanesque is characterized by a use of round or slightly pointed arches, barrel vaults, cruciform piers supporting vaults, and groin vaults.
Romanesque seems to have been the first pan-European style since Roman Imperial Architecture and examples are found in every part of the continent.
Crusades Art (1916 words)
Romanesque architecture was a combination of features from Roman and Byzantine structures characterized by heavy, round-arched churches.
The art, architecture, and furnishings of the church all reflected this viewpoint--most characteristically, the sculptures.
Romanesque sculpture, most commonly carved in relief, was an integral part of the architecture to the church that it belonged.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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