NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Rosalyn Sussman Yalow

Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (born on July 19, 1921) is an American medical physicist, and a co-winner of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. July 19 is the 200th day (201st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 165 days remaining. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Medicine is the branch of health science and the sector of public life concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, treatment and possible prevention of disease and injury. ... The first few hydrogen atom electron orbitals shown as cross-sections with color-coded probability density. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Radioimmunoassay is a scientific method used to test hormone levels in the blood without the need to use a bioassay. ...

Born Rosalyn Sussman in New York City to Simon Sussman and Clara Zipper, she graduated in 1941 from Hunter College, where she developed an interest in physics. Not believing that any good graduate school would admit and provide financial support to a woman (and a Jewish woman, at that), Sussman took a job as a secretary to a leading biochemist. However, soon after graduating she received an offer for a teaching assistantship in physics from the University of Illinois because World War II came up and all the men went off to war and the university offered scholarships for women rather than close down. She was the only woman among the department's 400 members, and the first since 1917. She married fellow student Aaron Yalow in 1943, and received her Ph.D. in 1945. Nickname: Big Apple Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... Hunter College of The City University of New York See also: Hunter College High School Hunter College of The City University of New York (known more commonly as simply Hunter College) is a senior college of the City University of New York (CUNY), located on Manhattans Upper East Side. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination... The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, also known as UIUC and the U of I (the officially preferred abbreviation), is the flagship campus in the University of Illinois system. ... Combatants Allied Powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis Powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

After graduating, Yalow joined the Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital to help set up its radioisotope service. There she collaborated with Solomon Berson to develop RIA, a radioisotope tracing technique that allows the measurement of tiny quantities of various biological substances in the blood. Originally used to study insulin levels in diabetes mellitus,^[1] the technique has since been applied to hundreds of other substances – including hormones, vitamins and enzymes – all previously too small to detect. Despite its huge commercial potential, Yalow and Berson refused to patent the method. A radionuclide is an atom with an unstable nucleus. ... Solomon Aaron Berson (New York City 22 April 1918 - Atlantic City 11 April 1972) was an American physician whose discoveries, mostly together with Rosalyn Yalow, caused major advances in clinical biochemistry. ... A radioactive tracer is a substance containing a radioactive isotope (radioisotope). ... It has been suggested that Oral insulin be merged into this article or section. ... For the disease characterized by excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, see diabetes insipidus. ... A hormone (from Greek horman - to set in motion) is a chemical messenger from one cell (or group of cells) to another. ... Retinol (Vitamin A) Vitamins are nutrients required for essential metabolic reactions in the body [1]. Vitamins can act both as catalysts and participants in chemical reactions. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a person for a fixed period of time in exchange for the regulated, public disclosure of certain details of a device, method, process or composition of matter (substance) (known as an invention) which is new, inventive, and...

In 1976 Yalow became the first female recipient of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. The following year she received the Nobel Prize, together with Roger Guillemin and Andrew V. Schally. Berson had died in 1972, and so could not share either prize. The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the understanding, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. ... Roger Guillemin ( born January 11, 1924 in Dijon, France) is a neuroendocrinologist who received the Nobel prize for Medicine in 1977 for his work on neurohormones. ... Andrzej Wiktor Schally (born November 20, 1926) in Wilno, Poland), is a Polish endocrinologist and Nobel Prize winner in 1977 in Medicine for research work. ...

Yalow also received National Medal of Science in 1988. National Medal of Science The National Medal of Science, also called the Presidential Medal of Science, is an honor given by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

She lives in the same house on Tibbet Ave, Riverdale, the Bronx, New York, that she bought when she first came to the BVAH.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: Laureates (1976-2000)

1976: Blumberg, Gajdusek | 1977: Guillemin, Schally, Yalow | 1978: Arber, Nathans, Smith | 1979: Cormack, Hounsfield | 1980: Benacerraf, Dausset, Snell | 1981: Sperry, Hubel, Wiesel | 1982: Bergström, Samuelsson, Vane | 1983: McClintock | 1984: Jerne, Köhler, Milstein | 1985: Brown, Goldstein | 1986: Cohen, Levi-Montalcini | 1987: Tonegawa | 1988: Black, Elion, Hitchings | 1989: Bishop, Varmus | 1990: Murray, Thomas | 1991: Neher, Sakmann | 1992: Fischer, Krebs | 1993: Roberts, Sharp | 1994: Gilman, Rodbell | 1995: Lewis, Nüsslein-Volhard, Wieschaus | 1996: Doherty, Zinkernagel | 1997: Prusiner | 1998: Furchgott, Ignarro, Murad | 1999: Blobel | 2000: Carlsson, Greengard, Kandel List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... Baruch Samuel Blumberg (born July 28, 1925) is an American scientist and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases. ... Daniel Carleton Gajdusek in 1976 when he won the Nobel Prize in Medicine. ... Roger Guillemin ( born January 11, 1924 in Dijon, France) is a neuroendocrinologist who received the Nobel prize for Medicine in 1977 for his work on neurohormones. ... Andrzej Wiktor Schally (born November 20, 1926) in Wilno, Poland), is a Polish endocrinologist and Nobel Prize winner in 1977 in Medicine for research work. ... Werner Arber (born June 3, 1929) is a Swiss microbiologist. ... Daniel Nathans (October 30, 1928 - November 16, 1999) was a U.S. microbiologist. ... Dr. Hamilton O. Smith (born August 23, 1931) is an American microbiologist. ... Allan M. Cormack at Tufts University Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 â€“ May 7, 1998) was a South African-born American physicist who shared a part of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan. ... Sir Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield (28 August 1919 - 12 August 2004) was an English electrical engineer who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Allan McLeod Cormack for his part in developing the diagnostic technique of computerized axial tomography (CAT). ... Baruj Benacerraf, M.D. Baruj Benacerraf (born 29 October 1920) is a Venezuelan-American immunologist who shared the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the Major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface molecules important for the immune systems distinction between self and non... Jean Dausset (b. ... George Davis Snell (December 19, 1903 â€“ June 6, 1996) was a U.S. geneticist and co-recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with Baruj Benacerraf and Jean Dausset, for discovery of the Major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface molecules important for the immune... Roger Wolcott Sperry Roger Wolcott Sperry (August 20, 1913 - April 17, 1994) was a neuropsychologist and Nobel laureate who, together with David Hunter Hubel and Torsten Nils Wiesel, won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work with split-brain research. ... David Hunter Hubel (b. ... Torsten Nils Wiesel (b. ... Sune Karl BergstrÃ¶m (January 10, 1916 - August 15, 2004) was a Swedish biochemist. ... Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson (born May 21, 1934) is a biochemist. ... Sir John Robert Vane (March 29, 1927 - November 19, 2004) was a British pharmacologist. ... Barbara McClintock (June 16, 1902 â€“ September 2, 1992) was a pioneering American scientist and one of the worlds most distinguished cytogeneticists. ... Niels Kaj Jerne (December 23, 1911 - October 7, 1994) was a British-Danish-Swedish (English-born) immunologist. ... Georges Jean Franz KÃ¶hler (Munich, March 17, 1946 â€“ March 1, 1995 in Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German biologist. ... CÃ©sar Milstein (October 8, 1927 â€“ March 24, 2002), an Argentine-born scientist who spent most of his life in Great Britain. ... Dr. Michael Stuart Brown (b. ... Joseph L. Goldstein (b. ... Stanley Cohen (born November 17, 1922) is an American researcher and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986). ... Rita Levi Montalcini. ... Susumu Tonegawa (ï§æ ¹å· é€² Tonegawa Susumu, born September 6, 1939) is a Japanese scientist who won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1987 for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity. ... Sir James Whyte Black, OM, FRS (born 14 July 1924) is a Scottish pharmacologist who invented Propranolol, synthesized Cimetidine and received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988 for these landmark discoveries. ... Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 â€“ February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, and a 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... George H. Hitchings (April 18, 1905 â€“ February 27, 1998) shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir James Black and Gertrude Elion for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment, Hitchings specifically for his work on chemotherapy. ... J. Michael Bishop (born February 22, 1936) is an American immunologist and microbiologist who won the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... Harold Elliot Varmus (b. ... For the former commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, see Joseph Philip Robert Murray. ... Dr. Edward Donnall (Don) Thomas (b. ... Erwin Neher (born 1944 in Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria) is a German biologist. ... Bert Sakmann (born June 12, 1942 in Stuttgart) is a German cell physiologist. ... Dr Edmond H. Fischer (born April 6, 1920) is a Swiss-American biochemist. ... Dr Edwin Gerhard Krebs (born June 6, 1918) is an American biochemist. ... Richard J. Roberts (b. ... Phillip Allen Sharp (born 1944), U.S. geneticist and molecular biologist; co-discovered gene splicing; shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Richard J. Roberts for the discovery that genes in eukaryotes are not contiguous strings but contain introns, and that the splicing of messenger RNA to... Alfred Goodman Gilman (born July 1, 1941) is an American scientist. ... Martin Rodbell won a Nobel Prize in 1994 Martin Rodbell (December 1, 1925- December 7, 1998) was an American biochemist and molecular endocrinologist who is best known for his discovery of G-proteins. ... Edward B. Lewis (May 20, 1918 â€“ July 21, 2004) was an American geneticist, the winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Medicine. ... Christiane NÃ¼sslein-Volhard (born October 20, 1942 in Magdeburg) is a German biologist who won the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1991 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1995, together with Eric Wieschaus and Edward B. Lewis, for their research on the genetic... Eric F. Wieschaus (born June 8, 1947) is an American developmental biologist and Nobel Prize-winner. ... Peter Doherty on a stamp released by Australia Post Dr. Peter C. Doherty (born October 15, 1940) is an Australian researcher in the field of medicine. ... Rolf Martin Zinkernagel (January 6, 1944 in Riehen, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland) is Professor of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zurich. ... Stanley B. Prusiner, M.D. (born May 28, 1942) is a Professor of Neurology and Biochemistry at the University of California, San Francisco. ... Robert F. Furchgott (born June 4, 1916 in Charleston, South Carolina) is a Nobel Prize-winning American chemist. ... Dr. Louis J. Ignarro (b. ... Dr. Ferid Murad Ferid Murad (born September 14, 1936) is an American physician and pharmacologist, and a co-winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... GÃ¼nter Blobel (born May 21, 1936) is a German biologist. ... Arvid Carlsson (b. ... Paul Greengard (b. ... Eric Richard Kandel (born November 7, 1929) is a psychiatrist, a neuroscientist and professor of biochemistry and biophysics at Columbia University. ...

Complete List | Laureates (1901-1925) | Laureates (1926-1950) | Laureates (1951-1975) | Laureates (2001- )

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