Mint flag

The Royal Canadian Mint (RCM, french Monnaie royale canadienne) produces all of Canada's circulation coins, and manufactures circulation coins on behalf of other nations. The Mint designs and manufactures: collector coins; gold, silver, palladium and platinum (1989-1999) bullion coins; customized medals, tokens and trade dollars watches and for a brief time high end jewellery featuring coin designs. It also offers gold and silver refinery and assay services. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1366x237, 3 KB) Summary Royal Canadian Mint logo Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mint. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mint. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... One of the most influential doctrines in history is that all humans are divided into groups called nations. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d Appearance lustrous white metal Standard atomic weight 107. ... General Name, Symbol, Number palladium, Pd, 46 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 5, d Appearance silvery white metallic Standard atomic weight 106. ... General Name, Symbol, Number platinum, Pt, 78 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 6, d Appearance grayish white Standard atomic weight 195. ... A precious metal is a rare metallic element of high, durable economic value. ... A Medal is a word used for various types of compact objects: a wearable medal awarded by an authority government for services redered, especially to a country (such as Armed force service); strictly speaking this only refers to a medal of coin-like appearance, but informally the word also refers... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Token coins. ... This page is about timekeeping devices. ... Amber jewellery in the form of pendants. ... A refinery is composed of a group of chemical engineering unit processes and unit operations used for refining certain materials or converting raw material into products of value. ... An assay is a procedure where the concentration of a component part of a mixture is determined. ...

The RCM is a Crown Corporation that operates under the legislative basis of the Royal Canadian Mint Act; all monies in Canada are technically issued with the authority of the Canadian Monarch. However, all operations are overseen by the President and CEO, or Master of the Mint, who is the senior executive officer of the organization, reporting to a Board of Directors appointed by the Minister of Public Works and Government Services. In Commonwealth countries a Crown corporation is a state-controlled company or enterprise (a public corporation). ... The Arms of Her Majesty in Right of Canada, proclaimed by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994. ... While Executive officer literally refers to a person responsible for the performance of duties involved in running an organization, the exact meaning of the role is highly variable, depending on the organization. ... It has been suggested that Organizing be merged into this article or section. ... In relation to a company, a director is an officer (that is, someone who works for the company) charged with the conduct and management of its affairs. ... In the Cabinet of Canada, The Minister of Public Works and Government Services is responsible for overseeing the federal governments common service organization (Public Works and Government Services Canada), an expansive department responsible for the internal servicing and administration of the federal government. ...

The current president is Ian Bennett (appointed in 2006), and the Chairperson of the Board is Max C. Lewis (also appointed in 2006). The Chief Engraver is Cosme Saffioti, who follows Ago Aarand, Walter Ott, Patrick Brindley, and Thomas Shingles. The government department responsible for the Royal Canadian Mint is the Department of Transport, Infrastructure, and Communities, led by the Honourable Lawrence Cannon. There are 10 members that comprise the Board of Directors, and 13 members that comprise the Executive Team.^[1] The Royal Canadian Mint's business lines are structured into four divisions: Bullion products and refinery, Canadian Circulation Coins, Foreign Circulation, and Numismatics.^[2] Ian E. Bennett was appointed President and CEO of the Royal Canadian Mint on June 12, 2006. ...

The Mint has been at the forefront of currency innovation. Among the Mint's technical innovations have included its plating process, which consists of a multi-ply technology that allows electromagnetic signatures to be embedded in the coins, assuring readability in the coin-processing industries.^[3] Its other innovation was the world's first coloured circulation coin, the 2004 Remembrance Day 25 cent piece, with a red poppy on the reverse. Further innovation was achieved with the adaptation of the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) technology to coat its dies, extending the life of the die beyond that of past chrome coated dies.^[4] Wreaths of artificial poppies used as a symbol of remembrance Remembrance Day (United Kingdom, Australia, Canada), also known as Poppy Day (South Africa and Malta), and Armistice Day (United States, New Zealand, France, and many other Commonwealth countries; and the original name of the day internationally) is a day to... A wild field of poppies, West Azarbaijan Province, Iran A poppy is any of a number of showy flowers, born one per stem, belonging to the poppy family. ... Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a technique used to deposit thin films of various materials onto various surfaces (e. ...

Many foreign countries have had coinage struck at the Royal Canadian Mint, including circulation coins, numismatic coins, and ready to strike blanks. The customers have included governments, central banks, and treasuries. In 2005 alone, the RCM manufactured 1.062 billion coins and blanks for 14 countries.^[5] From 1980-2005, the RCM has manufactured approximately 52 billion coins for 62 countries.^[6] These coins are manufactured at the Royal Canadian Mint's facility in Winnipeg. Since its opening in 1908, the Royal Canadian Mint has produced coinage and planchets for over 73 countries. ...

In 2007, the Royal Canadian Mint was named one of Canada's Top 100 Employers, as published in Maclean's magazine, one of only a handful of Crown corporations to receive this honour.^[7] Canadas Top 100 Employers is an annual competition that recognizes the best places in Canada to work. ... A cover of the Canadian magazine Macleans. ...

On May 3, 2007, the Royal Canadian Mint unveiled Gold Maple Leaf a coin with a face value of One Million Dollars. ^[8] The weight of the coin is 100 kilograms and the artist was Stanley Witten. The coin is mainly a promotional product to give the mint a higher international profile. ^[9] The 100-kilogram coin was conceived as a showpiece to promote the mint's new line of 99.999 per cent pure one ounce Gold Maple Leaf bullion coins. ^[10] The coin drew many comparisons with an oversized coin from Austria. It was a 100,000-euro gold coin, worth about C$153,000. The Austrian coin is 37 centimetres across and weighs 31 kilograms.^[11] is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Reverse of a 1 oz Gold Canadian Maple Leaf bullion coin. ...

Ottawa facility

Established as the Ottawa branch of the Royal Mint, Governor General Grey and his wife activated the presses for the Canadian Mint on January 2, 1908. Three years later, the Refinery would open and in 1915, the Mint chlorine method of gold refining is introduced. The Royal Mint is the body permitted to manufacture, or mint, coins in the United Kingdom. ... Albert Grey Albert Henry George Grey, 4th Earl Grey (November 28, 1851 – August 29, 1917) was the ninth Governor General of Canada from 1904 to 1911. ...

The Ottawa facility on Sussex Drive passed into Canadian control in 1931, reporting to the Department of Finance. The mint struck medals for military and volunteer war service between 1945-1947 and began producing commemorative and collector coins during Canada's centennial in 1967. The Department of Finance in Canada operates under the finance minister. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

In 1969 the Government of Canada reorganized the Royal Canadian Mint as a Crown corporation. In 2006, the Royal Canadian Mint's new Silver Refinery was commissioned. ^[12] Customers bringing their gold to Ottawa for refining, now have the opportunity to have the silver refined too. In Commonwealth countries a Crown corporation is a state-controlled company or enterprise (a public corporation). ...

Winnipeg facility

Royal Canadian Mint (Winnipeg)

In November of 1960 the Master of the Mint had advised the Minister of Finance that there was a need for a new facility. It was recognized that there was a need to have an additional facility to produce coins. The Philadelphia Mint produced some 10-cent coins and all numismatic coins were produced in Hull, Québec. The facility in Ottawa served as a refinery. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 794 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1632 × 1232 pixel, file size: 615 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)I (Bryan Wittal) took this photo of the Canadian Mint in Winnipeg, Manitoba in August 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 794 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1632 × 1232 pixel, file size: 615 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)I (Bryan Wittal) took this photo of the Canadian Mint in Winnipeg, Manitoba in August 2005. ... Nickname: Motto: Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Manitoba Region Winnipeg Capital Region Established, 1738 (Fort Rouge) Renamed 1822 (Fort Garry) Incorporated 1873 (City of Winnipeg) Government  - City Mayor Sam Katz  - Governing Body Winnipeg City Council  - MPs List of MPs  - MLAs List... Hull is a former city in western Quebec, Canada, now part of the city of Gatineau. ...

In 1963 and subsequently, in 1964, the Government discussed the possibility of producing a new facility, which would be functional within 2 years. Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson actually suggested building the facility in Elliott Lake, Ontario.^[13] Lester Bowles Pearson, often referred to as Mike, PC, OM, CC, OBE, MA, LL.D. (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. ... Elliot Lake (2006 population 15,549) is a city in northeastern Ontario, Canada, north of Lake Huron in the Algoma District, midway between the cities of Sudbury and Sault Ste. ...

Despite these discussions, nothing had yet occurred. A 1968 study indicated that the Ottawa Mint facility was truly antiquated. Many believed that the turning point would truly come in 1969, when the Royal Canadian Mint became a Crown Corporation. Ironically, there was no need for a new facility because most of the workload was a carryover from the high demand of 1968. Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1968 Gregorian calendar. ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1968 Gregorian calendar. ...

Funds had been allocated to a new facility, but no real planning had begun. Once more, the emphasis was to search for a facility in Ottawa. Initially, the first consideration was to replace the existing facility altogether. In May 1969, the idea flickered out. It was decided that the Royal Canadian Mint would keep the historic building but have a new facility for the manufacturing of circulation coins. Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government  - Mayor Larry OBrien  - City Council Ottawa City Council  - Representatives 8...

The Federal Government of the time, led by Pierre Trudeau, decided to decentralize many public services. The result was a claim for restitution from the province of Manitoba, complaining about its loss of many military bases.^[14] In February 1970, Supply and Services Minister James Richardson, the Minister responsible for the RCM, proposed the possibility of a new facility in Winnipeg. For other uses, see Pierre Elliott Trudeau (disambiguation). ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL YT NT NU Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard - Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 14 - Senate seats 6 Confederation... Nickname: Motto: Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Manitoba Region Winnipeg Capital Region Established, 1738 (Fort Rouge) Renamed 1822 (Fort Garry) Incorporated 1873 (City of Winnipeg) Government  - City Mayor Sam Katz  - Governing Body Winnipeg City Council  - MPs List of MPs  - MLAs List...

This proposal was cause for debate because it was legally stipulated that the RCM was unlike any other government operation and that money should be produced in Canada’s Capital Region. Another point of tension was that the Cabinet Minister was from Winnipeg. The belief was based on logistical philosophies. Plants that are over 1,000 miles apart would endure communication and distribution difficulties. Nickname: Motto: Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Manitoba Region Winnipeg Capital Region Established, 1738 (Fort Rouge) Renamed 1822 (Fort Garry) Incorporated 1873 (City of Winnipeg) Government  - City Mayor Sam Katz  - Governing Body Winnipeg City Council  - MPs List of MPs  - MLAs List...

A study had shown that the division had merit because raw materials could be purchased from a supplier in Alberta, rather than a competitor outside of Canada.^[15] Eventually, it was agreed upon in December 1971 that the RCM would build a facility in Winnipeg. The land was purchased in 1972 and construction began at the end of the year. Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Upon completion, it was very clear that this new facility was completely different from the facility in Ottawa. Architect Etienne Gaboury designed a striking sight with its triangular form soaring above the flat prairie, the Royal Canadian. (Note: E. Gaboury was Design Architect; Number Ten Architectural Group was Project Architect.) Etienne Gaboury (born Etienne-Jospeh Gaboury on April 24, 1930 in Swan Lake, Manitoba) is a Canadian architect from Winnipeg, Manitoba. ...

Completed in 1975, the glazed walls give the office tower the appearance of a crystalline prism. Its mirror reflection in the surrounding moats invited awe and excitement from passers-by. Gaboury's conception for the Mint was the pinnacle of the high-tech style he brought to many of his government commissions. He chose to forgo simple nationalistic display and pursue a concept which would artistically reflect the essential function of the particular building; both inside and out.^[16] Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The RCM facility in Winnipeg started to manufacture coins and the facility was officially opened in 1976. The Winnipeg branch of the Royal Canadian Mint allowed Ottawa to concentrate solely on collector coins while the Winnipeg mint would produce the entire supply of circulation coins. The facility was consciously designed by Gaboury to reflect its innate fortress quality. It was, in effect, a high security building, which was meant to be impenetrable. The walls were massive with very few apertures, with all windows placed either very high or over water.^[17] Complemented by a landscaped garden, it provided a park-like environment for the visiting public, leading into the touring route of the facility. Motto: Template:Unhide = Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Location City Information Established: 1738 (Fort Rouge), 1873 (City of Winnipeg) Area: 465. ...

The route was designed to keep visitor and internal traffic separate at all times, with the goal of maximizing the visibility of the mint's operations. Following a circuit over bridges and through courtyards, the public was able to obtain a ground-level view of all the production and key support areas of the mint. This culminated in a view of the coin vault through the glazed walls.^[18]

Notable Foreign Coins

Part of the Winnipeg Mint’s legacy is its role in producing the circulation currency of other nations. Anyone, who has ever seen a 20-cent Australian coin with a platypus on it, would not be surprised to know that the Winnipeg Mint had a hand in its production. If it was minted in 1981, the Winnipeg plant produced 50,000,000 of them that year.^[19]

The platypus coin merely scratches the surface of what has been a proud role. The Royal Canadian Mint has produced coinage for over 74 countries: Centavo’s for Cuba, Fils for Yemen, Pesos for Colombia, Kroner for Iceland, Rupiah for Indonesia, Baht for Thailand, and a thousand-dollar coin for Hong Kong. Other nations include Barbados and Uganda. The Winnipeg production branch of the Royal Canadian Mint is definitely one of the largest and most elaborate minting operations in the world.

In 1997, the Royal Canadian Mint produced a Commemorative Gold Coin, issued by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority to mark the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on 1 July 1997. The Gold Coin bore the standard Bauhinia design on the obverse side, with a special commemorative design of the Hong Kong skyline on the reverse side. ^[20] The Gold Coin is legal tender with HK$1,000 face value. ^[21] The Royal Canadian Mint item number was 621307 and sold to Royal Canadian Mint customers for $738.00 CDN funds. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (Traditional Chinese: ) or HKMA (金管局) is Hong Kongs central banking institution. ...

Two years later, the Monetary and Foreign Exchange Authority of Macau commissioned the Royal Canadian Mint to create a commemorative coin to recognize the transfer of the Macau region to the People’s Republic of China. The coin is sterling silver and featured a gold cameo. The face value is 100 patacas and had a diameter of 31.103 grams and a weight of 38 mm. The Royal Canadian Mint item number is 644309 and the issue price is $102.00. The coin features a Portuguese ship and a Chinese barque sharing coastal waters. The historic Ma Gao Temple (Pagoda de Barra) appears in the cameo.

Master of the mint

Traditionally, the President of the Royal Canadian Mint is affectionately known as the Master of the Mint. A listing of all the Masters of the Mint is as follows:

Dingwall was heavily criticized after the discovery of personal items he billed to his government expense account The Honourable David Charles Dingwall, PC (born June 29, 1952) is a former Canadian Cabinet minister and civil servant. ... Ian E. Bennett was appointed President and CEO of the Royal Canadian Mint on June 12, 2006. ...

Board of directors

Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Ghislain Harvey (born May 6, 1946) was a member of the Quebec Provincial Parliament from 1973 to 1976. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Claude Frederick Bennett (September 19, 1936—) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. ...

2006 Revenues

Revenue by Segment

In 2006, the RCM generated revenue of $493.9 million and earned net income of $11.2 million. It had also delivered $93.1 million in seignorage to its shareholder - the Government of Canada. ^[22]

Key changes in currency

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Coins of the Canadian dollar. (Discuss)

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that multiple sections of Royal Canadian Mint be merged into this article or section. ...

V nickel

World War II saw low mintages of most coins, as the metals (especially copper and nickel) were needed for the war effort. The reverse of the 5 cent coin was changed to a V for Victory in 1942, and its composition was changed to tombac; the composition was changed again to nickel-chromium-plated steel in 1944. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Standard atomic weight 63. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic and silvery with a gold tinge Standard atomic weight 58. ... Look up V, v in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... Tombac is an alloy of copper and zinc. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Standard atomic weight 51. ... The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ...

The criteria for the V design came from Winston Churchill's famous V sign, and the V denomination mark on the US 5-cent pieces of 1883-1912.^[23] A novel feature was an inscription of morse code on the coin. This International Code message meant "We Win When We Work Willingly" and was placed along the rim on the reverse instead of denticles.^[24] The regular reverse and composition were resumed in 1946. Chromium-plated steel was again used for the 5 cent coin from 1950 to 1953 during the Korean War, but the reverse was unchanged. Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders...

Centennial

In 1967, the Mint introduced a series of commemorative coins in honour of the Canadian centennial. Designed by Alex Colville, every coin produced that year, excepting the exotic rock dove or pigeon, featured a creature that is native to Canada—a rock dove on the 1 cent coin, a rabbit on the 5 cent coin, a mackerel on the 10 cent coin, a Lynx on the 25 cent coin, a howling wolf on the 50 cent coin, and a Canada goose on the dollar. A commemorative gold 20 dollar coin was also struck for collectors' sets, with a coat of arms on the reverse. It is worth noting, that the Royal Canadian Mint actually wanted to commemorate Canada's 60th anniversary in 1927 with variant coin designs.^[25] 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... The Expo 67 site on le Sainte-H ne and le Notre-Dame The Canadian Centennial was a year long celebration held in 1967 when Canada celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation. ... Hon. ... Binomial name Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 The Rock Dove (Columba livia), or feral pigeon, is a member of the bird family Columbidae, doves and pigeons. ... Pigeon redirects here. ... Binomial name Columba livia Gmelin, 1789 The Rock Dove (Columba livia), or feral pigeon, is a member of the bird family Columbidae, doves and pigeons. ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world. ... Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of fish, mostly, but not exclusively, from the family Scombridae. ... Type species Felis lynx Linnaeus, 1758 The overall range of Lynx species. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... Binomial name Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Canada Goose distribution, including introduced and feral populations Yellow: summer Blue: winter Green: year-round Subspecies Dusky Canada Goose Vancouver Canada Goose Lesser Canada Goose Moffitts Canada Goose Giant Canada Goose Interior Canada Goose Atlantic Canada Goose The Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) belongs...

RCMP

The Royal Canadian Mint has continued to be at the forefront of placing commemorative coin designs in circulation. In 1973, the usual 25-cent coin reverse was replaced with a Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer astride a horse, to celebrate the centennial of the founding of the North West Mounted Police (now the RCMP). Year 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. ... RCMP redirects here. ...

Further information: Royal Canadian Mint RCMP coins

Originally dispatched in the 19th Century to patrol the Western frontier, the scarlet-clad Mountie on horseback has become one of the most enduring images of Canada. ...

Loonie and Toonie

The major change to Canadian coinage in the 1980s was the introduction of a circulating 1 dollar coin, widely known as the Loonie because of the common loon gracing its reverse. (A Voyageur canoe had been planned initially, but the master dies were lost in shipment between Ottawa and Winnipeg, so a new design was necessary.) This coin was introduced in 1987 and almost immediately met with poor favour by Canadians. It did not become widely accepted until the 1 dollar banknote was withdrawn from circulation, which began in February 1989. Thereafter, the coin became widely, if reluctantly, accepted. In 1996, a 2 dollar circulating coin (known widely as the Toonie) was introduced, featuring a polar bear on the reverse, and the 2 dollar banknote withdrawn. It too was met with reluctant acceptance by the vast majority of Canadians. The 2 dollar coin was also a first for the mint in that it used a bi-metallic structure—the centre of the coin is bronze-coloured and the circumference is nickel-coloured. See also loony (short for lunatic), which is sometimes spelled loonie. Loonie is the unofficial but commonly-used name for Canadas gold-coloured, bronze-plated, one-dollar coin. ... Binomial name Gavia immer (Brunnich, 1764) The Great Northern Diver, known in North America as the Common Loon (Gavia immer), is a large member of the loon, or diver, family. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... A £20 Bank of England banknote. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Toonie (sometimes spelled twoonie or twonie) is the nickname Canadians collectively gave their two-dollar coin; it is a portmanteau word combining the number two with the name of the loonie, Canadas one-dollar coin. ... Assorted ancient Bronze castings found as part of a cache, probably intended for recycling. ...

Plating

Further innovation occurred in 1999, when the Royal Canadian Mint laid the groundwork for its new plating process. The efforts reached fruition in 2001 when circulation coinage was issued with their new Multi-Ply Plated steel blanks. As of 2001, all circulation coins (excluding the one-cent piece) have a Mint Mark with a P on the obverse of the coin. The plating process is acid based and electroplates a thin coating of nickel, then copper, then nickel again on to a steel core.^[26]

Millennium

While the Royal Canadian Mint was perfecting its plating process, it was busy giving Canadians the opportunity to be part of its Millennium coin project. A contest was held in which Canadians could submit artwork and a group of winners would be selected to have their coins featured on commemorative 25-cent pieces. A total of 24 winners was selected. There would be 12 coins in 1999 (one for each month of the year) and 12 coins in 2000 (again, one for each month of the year). All winners had their initials appear somewhere on the coin.^[27]

The coins for 1999 represented Canadian achievements and milestones, while the coins released in 2000 featured Canadians vision of their culture and their hopes for the future. The demand for these coins were extremely high. The total mintage for the 1999 Circulation Coins was 258,888,000. Amazingly, the total mintage in 2000 was higher. An incredible 435,751,000 coins were minted.

Commemoratives in the 2000's

The practice of commemoratives became more popular in the 2000s, with numerous circulating commemorative one-dollar and 25-cent coins, a commemorative 10 cent coin in 2001 and a commemorative 60th anniversary Victory nickel in 2005. Criticism has arisen, however, that the Mint has issued so many recent commemoratives that Canadians are oversaturated with, and blasé about them. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In 2004, the Royal Canadian Mint made numismatic history by issuing the world's first coloured circulation coin. The coins were produced at the Royal Canadian Mint's Winnipeg plant. The technology involved the utilization of a high-speed, computer-controlled and precision inkjet process. Approximately 30,000,000 coins went into circulation in October 2004, with Tim Horton's donut chain assisting with the distribution. Although innovative in its use of coloring, was also criticized because the colour wore off too quickly.

Vancouver Olympics

In 2006, a partnership was reached with the Vancouver Olympic Committee, in which it was annoucned that the RCM shall produce commemoratives for the event. The non-circulating legal tender commemorative coins will have a face value of $25, a Canadian first.^[28] In conjunction with Petro-Canada and the Royal Bank of Canada, commemorative Olympic 25-cent coins will be distributed from 2007 to 2009. Petro-Canada is a Canadian oil and gas firm headquartered in Calgary, Alberta. ... The Royal Bank of Canada (TSX: RY, NYSE: RY) is Canadas largest chartered bank. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

1. Olympic Curling Quarter - Vancouver sports artists Glen Green and David Narbaitz designed the tail of the distinctive Olympic Curling Quarter. The head side of the coin shows a shrunken head portrait of the Queen, by Vancouver artist Susanna Blunt.

2. Olympic Hockey Quarter -

Award winning coins

• 1985 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Coin: 1988 Olympic 20-dollar coin-Downhill Skier (Note: Olympic coins in Canada are usually produced three years prior to the event)

• 1986 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Gold Coin, Theme: 450th Anniversary, Jacques Cartier Voyage of Discovery

• 1988 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Silver Coin, Theme: 400th Anniversary, Davis Passage

• 1989 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Silver Coin, Theme: Bicentennial Voyage of Mackenzie River

• 1993 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Gold Coin, Theme: Antique Autos

• 1994 Coin of the Year, Presented by Munchen Magazin, Best Coin, Theme: Anne of Green Gables

• 1996 Coin of the Year, Presented by Munchen Magazin, Best Coin, Theme: 100th Anniversary of Gold found in Klondike

• 1997 Coin of the Singapore International Coin Show, Best Coin, Theme: Haida Contemporative Art

• 1998 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Gold Coin, Theme: Alexander Graham Bell

• 1998 Most Popular Coin, Presented by World Coin News, Most Popular, Theme: Two-dollar coin with Polar Bear Design

• 1999 International Hologram Manufacturers Association and Holography, Category: Excellence in Holographic Production, Theme: 20th Anniversary Gold Bullion Maple Leaf coin

• 2000 Most Popular Coin, Presented by World Coin News, Most Popular, Theme: 125th Anniversary of RCMP

• 2000 Most Technologically Advanced Coin, World Mint Directors Conference 2000, Theme: $20 coin featuring Hologram cameo on the Transportation Series

• 2000 Coin of the Year, Presented by World Coin News, Best Gold, Theme: Mother and Child

• 2002 Coin of the Year, Asia Money Fair, Theme: Asian Symbols Five Blessings Commemorative Set^[29]

• 2006 Most Innovative Coin of the Year, World Mint Directors Conference 2006, Theme: Coloured 25-cent Poppy Coin^[30]

Year 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar). ... Anne of Green Gables is a book written by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery; it was first published in 1908. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Haida are an Indigenous nation of the west coast of North America. ... A portrait of Alexander Graham Bell in 1910s Alexander Graham Bell (3 March 1847 – 2 August 1922) was a scientist, inventor, and innovator. ... A wild field of poppies, West Azarbaijan Province, Iran A poppy is any of a number of showy flowers, born one per stem, belonging to the poppy family. ...

Circulation coin facts

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Coins of the Canadian dollar. (Discuss)

• The History of Queen Elizabeth II's Effigy

1953 - The rise of a new Monarch resulted in a numismatic controversy. The Laureated Bust of the Queen's Effigy had a high relief resulted in the appearance that there was no shoulder strap on the Queen's Effigy. Reworking by the Master Engraver of the Royal Canadian Mint resulted in the appearance of a shoulder strap, hence, the terms "NO SHOULDER FOLD" and "SHOULDER FOLD" Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that multiple sections of Royal Canadian Mint be merged into this article or section. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

1965 - Starting in 1965, the Effigy of Her Majesty the Queen underwent the first of three changes. This new obverse featured the Queen with more mature facial features. The wearing of a tiara was the other aspect of the new effigy. 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ...

1990 - A new obverse debuted with the Queen now wearing a diamond diadem and jewellery. Although the effigy changed in 2003, this crowned portrait is still used on all Chinese Lunar New Year coins. Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ...

2003 - To commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the Coronation of Her Majesty the Queen, a new obverse was introduced. The unique feature of this effigy was that the Queen was now featured without a crown. This would mark the first time that a Monarch did not have a Crown in their effigy since her father King George VI. 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

• Maple Leaf Issue 1947

The British Empire's decision to grant India its independence created a unique problem for the Royal Canadian Mint in early 1948. The effigy of His Majesty would be altered to reflect the change. No longer would the phrase "ET IND:IMP" (meaning Emperor of India) be visible on the effigy. This resulted in the production of new Master tools, but they would not arrive for a couple of months. Despite this, there was still a demand for circulation coins.

The Mint had no alternative but to strike coins with the date of 1947 with the effigy bearing an out of date title. As a means of distinguishing between the original strikings of 1947, a small maple leaf was placed after the date. Once the Master tools were received with the phrase "ET IND:IMP" removed from the effigy, the 1947 Maple Leaf coinage no longer continued. For the remainder of the year, all coins that were produced had the new effigy and the appropriate date, 1948, on its reverse.

• Missing Loonie

1997 - Between 1997 and 2001, the One Dollar Loon coin was not issued for general circulation. Due to the high demand for the Two Dollar Polar Bear coin (mintages between 1997 and 2001 were as high as 29 million in 2000 alone), the Loon was only available in the standard collector sets that were made available on an annual basis, such as the Uncirculated, Oh Canada, Specimen and Proof sets.

• New Mint Mark in 2006

In an effort to build the brand, the Royal Canadian Mint implemented a policy in which all its circulation and collector coins would bear a new Mint Mark. Unveiled at the Canadian Numismatic Association convention in Niagara Falls, Ontario in July 2006, the Mint Mark was a reproduction of the Royal Canadian Mint logo. Canadian Numismatic Association was founded in 1950. ... For other uses, see Niagara Falls (disambiguation). ...

The first circulation coin to bear the new Mint Mark was the 10th Anniversary Two Dollar coin, illustrated by Tony Bianco. This would mean that the "P" Mint Mark which recognized the plating technology would no longer be used. For collectors, the first collector coin to feature the new Mint Mark was the Snowbirds Coin and Stamp Set. <1>

NOTE: An anomaly occurred in August 2006, when some 5-cent pieces appeared with no Mint Mark whatsoever.

• No Shoulder Fold vs. Shoulder Fold

In 1953, a new Monarch meant a new Effigy. Due to an issue with the portrait model for the new Queen Elizabeth, two obverse varieties, termed the No Shoulder Fold and the Shoulder Fold obverses were found in circulation during 1953. The portrait model was prepared in England by a sculptress, Mary Gillick. The relief of this model was too high. This had an impact on the new effigy because the centre portion containing two lines on the shoulder (representing a fold in the Queen's gown) did not strike up well on the coins. This obverse had been termed the "No Shoulder Strap" variety by numismatists.

Later in 1953, Mint authorities decided to correct the defects in the obverse design. Thomas Shingles, the Chief Engraver of the RCM, was summoned to lower the relief of the model. The result was that he had strengthened the shoulder and hair detail. This revised obverse (often called "The Shoulder Strap" variety due to the resemblance of the lines to a strap) was introduced before the end of the year. This was accepted as the standard obverse. Unfortunately, the No Shoulder Fold obverse saw new life as it was used to produce some of the 1954 cents for the Proof-like sets and a small quantity of 1955 cents for ciruclation. The 1955 No Shoulder Fold Variety is the most desired with collectors.

NOTE: The best way to tell the difference is to look at the letter "I" in DEI. On the No Shoulder Fold Obverse, the I points between two rim denticles. On the Shoulder Fold Obverse, the letter "I" points at a rim denticle.

• Rarest Canadian Coin

In the Charlton Standard Catalogue of Canadian Coins, a 1911 coin is valued at $1 000 000. There are only 2 specimens, and one bronze specimen. One of the silver specimens and the bronze specimen are located at the Bank of Canada's currency museum, while the other is in a private collection. The 1911 coin sets were originally planned to include the $1, but the sets came with a empty gap where the $1 coin was supposed to be. Headquarters Ottawa, Ontario ,Canada Established 1935 Governor David A. Dodge Central Bank of Canada Currency Canadian dollar ISO 4217 Code CAD Website www. ...

• Rarest Canadian Circulation Coin

Among numismatists, the 1921 50-cent coin is considered the rarest Canadian circulation coin. In the Charlton Standard Catalogue of Canadian Coins 2006 Edition, a 1921 coin in MS-63 condition is valued at $125,000. <2> Despite a mintage of 206,398 coins, there was a very low demand for 50-cent coins in the 1920s. The belief is that most of the 50-cent coins from 1920 and 1921 were melted (amounting to approximately 480,392 coins). <3> The reason for the melting was that new coins were needed for 1929 and if coins from 1920 and 1921 were released into circulation, people would suspect counterfeit coins. According to legend, only 75 of these coins still exist, and most of those are from Specimen Sets that were sold to people who visited the RC Mint.

• Victory Nickel

(Tombac 1943-1944) (Steel 1944-1945)

The five-cent piece underwent a design change for the first time since 1937 when the Beaver was first introduced. The new reverse featured a striking V design. In the interest of promoting the war effort, the famous V sign from Winston Churchill was adopted. Perhaps, the most unique aspect of this coin was the Morse Code. The meaning was "We Win When We Work Willingly". It is not uncommon that the edge of the Steel versions of the V Nickel were known to rust. Species C. canadensis C. fiber Beavers are semi-aquatic rodents native to North America and Europe. ... Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC (Can) (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British politician, soldier in the British Army, orator, and strategist, and is studied as part of the modern British and world history. ...

Due to high demands for copper and zinc during the war effort, the use of Tombac was suspended. A new composition of steel with .0127 mm plating of nickel and .0003 mm plating of chromium was now the norm. <4> Unfortunately, the plating process of these coins meant that strips had to be plated before blanks were punched out. The end result was that the edges of the blanks were unplated. Although the RCM would return to nickel after WWII, the Korean war effort resulted in the use of steel again in 1951.

Mint marks

• A – Used on 2005 Palladium Test Coin to signify the coins were struck from Lot A.

• B – Used on 2005 Palladium Test Coin to signify the coins were struck from Lot B.

• C - Placed on sovereigns produced at the Ottawa branch of the Royal Mint, between 1908 and 1919.

• Dot – In December of 1936, King Edward VIII abdicated the throne in favour of his brother, who would become King George VI. The problem was that the Royal Mint was designing the effigy of King Edward VIII and now a new effigy would need to be created. The 1, 10 and 25 cent pieces in 1937 would be struck from dies with a 1936 date on the reverse. To distinguish that these coins were issued in 1937, a Dot Mint Mark was placed on the 1936 dies, and could be found beneath the year. These coins fulfilled demand for coins until new coinage tools with the effigy of King George VI were ready. While the 10 and 25 cent coins are more common, the 1 cent coins are rare, with about a half-dozen known to exist.

• H – Used to identify coins that were struck for Canada by the Birmingham Mint, also known as the Heaton Mint, until 1907.

• Maple Leaf – All coins with a Maple Leaf Mint Mark were struck in 1948 due to an emergency with coin toolage. The granting of India’s independence resulted in the removal of IND:IMP (meaning Emperor of India) from King George VI’s effigy. Due to the demand for circulation coins in 1948, coins for 1948 could not be struck until the new tools were received. The new tools would have the IND:IMP removed from them. In the meanwhile, coins were produced in 1948 with a year of 1947 on them. A small Maple Leaf Mint Mark was struck beside 1947 on the reverse of all coins to signify the year of production.

• P – From 2001-2006, most one cent, five cents, ten cents, twenty-five cents, and fifty cents issued for circulation were struck with a P Mint Mark to represent the Royal Canadian Mint’s plating process.

• RCM Logo – At the CNA Convention in July 2006, the RCM unveiled its new Mint Mark to be used on all circulation and numismatic coinage. The agenda behind the implementation of this new Mint Mark was to help increase the RCM’s image as a brand. The aim of the logo is to educate coin users and coin collectors, respectively, that the RCM is minting Canada’s coins. The first Circulation Coin to have this new Mint Mark is the 10th Anniversary Two-Dollar coin. The first Numismatic Coin to have this new Mint Mark is the Snowbirds Coin and Stamp Set.^[31]

• T/É - In an effort to push the standard of quality higher, the RCM started to experiment with a gold bullion coin that would have a purity of 99.999%. The result was a Gold Maple Leaf Test Bullion coin with the Mint Mark of T/É (to signify Test/Épreuve). The date on the obverse of the coin was 2007 and it had a mintage of 500.

• Teddy Bear - When the RCM released its Baby Lullabies and CD Set, a sterling silver one dollar coin was included in the set. The one dollar coin included a mint mark of a teddy bear.

• W - Used occasionally on specimen sets produced in Winnipeg, starting in 1998.

• W/P - Used on the Special Edition Uncirculated Set of 2003. The W mint mark stated that the coin was produced in Winnipeg and the P states that the coins are plated.

A mint mark is an inscription on a coin indicating the mint at which the coin was produced. ... Three Gold Sovereigns with a Krugerrand A Gold Sovereign is a British gold coin, first issued in 1489 for Henry VII, generally with a value of one pound sterling. ... The Royal Mint is the body permitted to manufacture, or mint, coins in the United Kingdom. ... Façade on Icknield Street The Birmingham Mint in Birmingham, England started producing tokens and coins in 1850 as a private enterprise, separate from, but in cooperation with the Royal Mint. ...

Trivia

• The first commemoratives were planned for 1927 to celebrate Canada's 60th Anniversary. A contest was held and the winners were Gustav Hahn for the one-cent, and J.A.H. MacDonald for the five and twenty-five cents. The RCM decided to not turn the designs into coinage.^[32]

• When coinage was changed in 1937, the caribou was planned for the 5-cent coin, the Beaver was planned for the 10-cent coin, and the Bluenose was planned for the 25 cent coin.^[33]

• In 1983, the RCM issued a medallion to commemorate Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer. The composition of the medal is 50% pure silver and has a diameter of 36mm. The coin had a production limit of 100,000 and its issue price was $24.50.

• Lowest mintage of the post WW II era was the 1991 25-cent coin. Its low mintage attributed to a work stoppage. The mintage was 459,000.^[34]

• The name of the ship on the 2004 twenty-five piece to commemorate Acaide was "La Bonne-Renommée"^[35]

• Most Valuable Coin - 1911 silver dollar coin $1 000 000

• 1st Colour 1999 20th Anniversary GML – 5 coin set^[36]

• 1st Hologram 1999 – GML Hologram Set - 5 coin set^[37]

• 1st Irregular Shaped Coin 2006 – Square Sterling Silver Beaver

• 1st Million dollar face value coin - 100kg 99.999 pure gold

$1M 100kg gold coin

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

References

External links

Numismatics Portal

• Royal Canadian Mint's Official Website
• Royal Canadian Mint Act
• Canadian Numismatic Association
• Numismatic Network Canada
• Canadian Coin News
• Royal Canadian Mint press release FTP site, [1] or ftp to ftp.mint.ca username=communications, password=RCM2007, ftp username and password published on the Royal Canadian Mint web site [2] on May 4, 2007