A royal forest has been a concept of land management England since the late eleventh century. The concept of a royal forest appears to have been introduced from continental Europe at that time. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... European redirects here. ...

A royal forest is an area of land where certain rights are reserved for a monarch or the aristocracy, usually set aside for hunting (see medieval hunting). The concept was introduced by the Normans to England in the 11th century, and at its peak in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, fully one third of the area of England was designated royal forest. Forest law prescribed harsh punishment for anyone who committed a range of offences within the forests; by the mid-17th century, enforcement of this law had died out, but many of England's woodlands still bear the title Royal Forest. Look up monarch in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... -1... It has been suggested that Big-game hunter be merged into this article or section. ... King William I and King Harold II of England are portrayed hawking in the Bayeux Tapestry. ... Norman conquests in red. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...

The Tree Top Walk in Salcey Forest. Many royal forests in Britain are now open to the public.

The term forest does not mean forest as it is understood today, i.e. an area of densely wooded land. Royal forests usually included large areas of heath, grassland and wetland — anywhere that supported deer and other game. In addition, when an area was initially designated forest, any villages, towns and fields that lay within it were also subject to forest law. This could foster resentment as the local inhabitants were then unable to use land they had previously relied upon for their livelihoods. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1126 KB) I created this image. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1126 KB) I created this image. ... Salcey Forest is a former medieval hunting forest in the south of the county of Northamptonshire in England. ... Eucalyptus Forest at Swifts Creek in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. ... Heaths are anthropogenic habitats found primarily in northern and western Europe, where they have been created by thousands of years of human clearance of natural forest vegetation by grazing and burning on mainly infertile acidic soils. ... An Inner Mongolian Grassland. ... A subtropical wetland in Florida, USA, with an endangered American Crocodile. ... Subfamilies Capreolinae Cervinae Hydropotinae Muntiacinae A deer is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. ... Game is any animal hunted for food or not normally domesticated (such as venison). ...

The practice of reserving areas of land for the sole use of the aristocracy was common throughout Europe during the mediaeval period. European redirects here. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...

Forest law

William the Conqueror, a great lover of hunting, established the system of forest law. This operated outside of the common law, and served to protect game animals and their forest habitat from destruction. William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ...

Offences

Offences in forest law were divided into two categories: trespass against the vert (the vegetation of the forest) and the venison (the game). The five animals of the forest protected by law were given by Manwood as the hart and hind (red deer), boar, and hare and wolf. (In England, both the boar and wolf had become extinct in the wild by the late 13th century.) Protection was also said to be extended to the beasts of chase, the buck and doe (fallow deer), fox, marten, and roe deer, and the beasts and fowls of warren, the hare, coney, pheasant, and partridge.^[1] The rights of chase and of warren (i.e., to hunt such beasts) were often granted to local nobility for a fee. (Manwood's catalog is somewhat inventive; forest law was primarily concerned with the various sorts of deer, and the boar and wolf.) John Manwood (? — 1610) was a barrister of Lincolns Inn, gamekeeper of Waltham Forest, and Justice in Eyre of the New Forest under Elizabeth I of England. ... HART may refer to: HART Protocol, an open protocol used in Fieldbus or Industrial Automation computing applications Halt All Racist Tours, a social protest movement in New Zealand Highway Assistance Response Team Hillsborough Area Rapid Transit, in Hillsborough County, Florida (including Tampa, Florida) Homeless Animals Rescue Team Honda Australia Roadcraft... The word Hind can refer to: A female deer, usually the red deer. ... Binomial name Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), known as Elk in North America, are the second largest species of deer in the world, after Alces alces (the moose or, in Europe, elk). ... // Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig. ... Species Many, see text Hares and jackrabbits belong to family Leporidae, and mostly in genus Lepus. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Look up Chase in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Chase may refer to one of the following. ... Buck may refer to any of the following: Look up Buck in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Doe is the term used for the females of various species of animal, including: some species of deer rabbits In job and classified ads, DOE is an acronym for Depending On Experience and usually indicated in pay rates. ... Binomial name Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) The Fallow Deer (Dama dama) is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. ... A fox is a member of any of 27 species of small omnivorous canids. ... Species Martes americana Martes flavigula Martes foina Martes gwatkinsii Martes martes Martes melampus Martes pennanti Martes zibellina for the Wiltshire village see Marten, Wiltshire The Martens constitute the genus Martes within the subfamily Mustelinae, in family Mustelidae. ... Binomial name Capreolus capreolus, Capreolus pygargus (Linnaeus, 1758) There are two species of Roe Deer. ... Free warren—often simply warren—refers to a type of franchise or privilege conveyed by a sovereign in mediaeval England to a subject, promising to hold them harmless for killing game of certain species within a stipulated area, usually a woods or small forest. ... Species Many, see text Hares and jackrabbits belong to family Leporidae, and mostly in genus Lepus. ... Coney This page is a disambiguation for the word coney. ... Genera Ithaginis Catreus Rheinartia Crossoptilon Lophura Argusianus Pucrasia Syrmaticus Chrysolophus Phasianus † See also partridge, quail Pheasants are a group of large birds in the order Galliformes. ... Genera Perdix Alectoris Lerwa Bambusicola Ptilopachus Rollulus Haematortyx Caloperdix Arborophila Xenoperdix Melanoperdix †See also Pheasant, Quail, Grouse Partridges are birds in the pheasant family, Phasianidae. ... Subfamilies Capreolinae Cervinae Hydropotinae Muntiacinae A deer is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. ...

Trespasses against the vert were rather extensive: they included purpresture, the inclosure of a pasture or erection of a building on forest lands, assarting, clearing forest land for agriculture, and felling trees or clearing shrubs, among others. Note that these laws applied to any land within the boundary of the forest, even if it was freely owned; although the Charter of the Forest in 1217 established that all freemen owning land within the forest enjoyed the rights of agistment and pannage (see below). Inclosure (also commonly enclosure), refers to the process of subdivision of common lands for individual ownership. ... Assarting is the act of clearing forested lands for use in agriculture or other purposes. ... Events April 9 - Peter of Courtenay crowned emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople at Rome, by Pope Honorius III May 20 - First Barons War, royalist victory at Lincoln. ...

In addition, inhabitants of the forest were forbidden to bear hunting weapons, and dogs were banned from the forest; mastiffs were permitted as watchdogs, but they had to have their front claws removed to prevent them from hunting game. Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog is a mammal in the order Carnivora. ... Mastiffs are a group of large, solidly built breeds of dogs typically with heavy bones, pendant ears, a relatively short and well-muscled neck, and a short muzzle. ...

Disafforested lands on the edge of the forest were known as the purlieu; agriculture was permitted here, but game was still reserved for the King. Purlieu is a term used of the outlying parts of a place or district, sometimes in a derogatory sense. ...

Rights and privileges

The kings rapidly discovered that abridging their rights in the Royal forests could provide a useful source of income. Local nobles and clerics were often granted the aforementioned rights of chase and warren, or given royal license to take a certain amount of game. The common inhabitants of the forest might, depending on their location, possess a variety of rights: estover, the right of taking firewood, pannage, the right to pasture swine in the forest, turbary, the right to cut turf (as fuel), and various other rights of pasturage (agistment) and harvesting the products of the forest. Land might be disafforested entirely, or permission given for assart and purpresture. Pannage is an English legal term for the practice of turning out domestic pigs in a wood or forest, in order that they may feed on such things as fallen acorns or beechmast. ... A Turbary is a piece of peatland from which turf may be cut for fuel. ... To agist is, in English law, to take cattle to graze, for a remuneration. ...

Officers

The justices of the forest were the Justice in Eyre and the verderers. Justices in Eyre north of the Trent Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy, 18 June 1509 - June 1537 Thomas Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell, 30 Dec 1537 - June 1540 (created Earl of Essex 17 April 1540) Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland, 9 August 1540 - 20 September 1543 Sir Anthony Browne, 16... // Origins Verderers were originally part of the ancient judicial and administrative hierarchy of the vast areas of English forests set aside by William the Conqueror for hunting. ...

The chief royal official was the Warden. As he was often an eminent and preoccupied magnate, his powers were frequently exercised by a deputy. He supervised the foresters and under-foresters, who personally went about preserving the forest and game and apprehending offenders against the law. The agisters supervised pannage and agistment and collected any fees thereto appertaining. The nomenclature of the officers can be somewhat confusing: the rank immediately below the constable were referred to as foresters-in-fee, or, later, woodwards, who held land in the forest in exchange for a rent, and advised the warden. They exercised various privileges within their bailiwicks. Their subordinates were the under-foresters, later referred to as rangers. The rangers are sometimes said to be patrollers of the purlieu. ... A forester is a person who is engaged in forestry by creating and managing forests. ... To agist is, in English law, to take cattle to graze, for a remuneration. ... In general, a ranger is a keeper, guardian, or soldier who ranges over a region to protect the area or enforce the law. ... Purlieu is a term used of the outlying parts of a place or district, sometimes in a derogatory sense. ...

Another group, called serjeants-in-fee, and later, foresters-in-fee (not to be confused with the above), held small estates in return for their service in patrolling the forest and apprehending offenders. Serjeanty. ...

The forests also had surveyors, who determined the boundaries of the forest, and regarders. These last reported to the court of justice-seat and investigated enroachments on the forest and invasion of royal rights, such as assarting. While their visits were infrequent, due to the interval of time between courts, they provided a check against collusion between the foresters and local offenders. Surveying is concerned with the application of mathematics and physics in obtaining accurate measurements for the determination of the position of points on the Earths surface. ...

Courts

Blackstone gives the following outline of the forest courts, as theoretically constructed: To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

• Court of attachment, sometimes called the Forty-Day Court or Woodmote. This court was held every forty days, and was presided over by verderers and the Warden, or his deputy. The foresters attached persons who had committed crimes against the forest law and brought them before this court to have them enrolled; however, it did not possess the power to try or convict individuals, and such cases had to be passed upwards to the swainmote or the court of justice seat.
• Court of regard, held every third year to enforce the law requiring declawing of dogs within the forest.
• Swainmote or Sweinmote was held three times a year: the fortnight before the feast of St. Michael, about the feast of St. Martin, and the fortnight before the feast of St. John the Baptist. It was presided over by the Warden and verderers, the foresters and agisters being in attendance. The first two occasions were to regulate agistment and pannage, respectively; the third was for the purpose of trying offenders before a jury of swains, or freemen of the forest. (The name of the court is sometimes said to be derived from swine, probably a misapprehension through its regulation of pannage.)
• Court of justice-seat or eyre was the highest of the forest courts. It was to be held every three years, to be announced forty days in advance, and was presided over by a Justice in Eyre. It was, in theory, the only court that could pass sentence upon offenders of the forest laws.

In practice, these fine distinctions were not always observed. In the Forest of Dean, swainmote and the court of attachment seem to have been one and the same throughout most of its history. As the courts of justice-seat were held less frequently, the lower courts assumed the power to fine offenders against the forest laws, according to a fixed schedule. The courts of justice-seat crept into disuse, and in 1817, the office of Justice in Eyre was abolished and its powers transferred to the First Commissioner of Woods and Forests. Courts of swainmote and attachment went out of existence at various dates in the different forests. A Court of Swainmote was re-established in the New Forest in 1877. The term attachment has multiple meanings: An email attachment Psychological attachment: see Attachment theory Attachment as a vice in Buddhism; see Buddhism This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... To agist is, in English law, to take cattle to graze, for a remuneration. ... Swain is a traditional English surname derived ultimately from the Old German personal name Sven (Sweyn), meaning a youth, young man. ... Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms The domestic pig is usually given the scientific name Sus scrofa, though some authors call it , reserving for the wild boar. ... Justices in Eyre north of the Trent Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy, 18 June 1509 - June 1537 Thomas Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell, 30 Dec 1537 - June 1540 (created Earl of Essex 17 April 1540) Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland, 9 August 1540 - 20 September 1543 Sir Anthony Browne, 16... The (Royal) Forest of Dean is a region in the county of Gloucestershire, England. ... The Commission of Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues was established in the United Kingdom in 1810 by merging the former offices of Surveyor General of Woods, Forests, Parks, and Chases and Surveyor General of the Land Revenue of the Crown into a three-man commission. ... Bucklers Hard on the Beaulieu River For other uses, see New Forest (disambiguation). ...

History

William I, original enactor of the Forest Law in England, harshly penalized offenders. He "laid a law upon it, that whoever slew hart or hind should be blinded," according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. William Rufus, also a keen hunter, increased the severity of the penalties for various offenses to include death and mutilation. The laws were in part codified under the Assize of the Forest (1184) of Henry II; he also afforested large tracts. --86. ... The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of annals narrating the history of the English and their settlement in Britain. ... William II (called Rufus, perhaps because of his red-faced appearance, or maybe his bloody reign) (c. ... // Events Abbeville receives its commercial charter. ... Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland[citation needed], eastern Ireland, and western France. ...

Magna Carta, the charter forced upon King John of England by the English barons in 1215, contained five clauses relating to royal forests. They aimed to limit, and even reduce, the King's sole rights as enshrined in forest law. The clauses were as follows (taken from the text of Magna Carta): Magna Carta Magna Carta (Latin for Great Charter, literally Great Paper), also called Magna Carta Libertatum (Great Charter of Freedoms), is an English charter originally issued in 1215. ... Alternate use, see charter airline, yacht charter, bare-boat charter or Charter Communications. ... John (French: Jean) (December 24, c. ... // Events A certified copy of the Magna Carta June 15 - King John of England forced to put his seal to the Magna Carta, outlining the rights of landowning men (nobles and knights) and restricting the kings power. ...

• (44) People who live outside the forest need not in future appear before the royal justices of the forest in answer to general summonses, unless they are actually involved in proceedings or are sureties for someone who has been seized for a forest offence.

• (47) All forests that have been created in our reign shall at once be disafforested. River-banks that have been enclosed in our reign shall be treated similarly.

• (48) All evil customs relating to forests and warrens, foresters, warreners, sheriffs and their servants, or river-banks and their wardens, are at once to be investigated in every county by twelve sworn knights of the county, and within forty days of their enquiry the evil customs are to be abolished completely and irrevocably. But we, or our chief justice if we are not in England, are first to be informed.

• (52) To any man whom we have deprived or dispossessed of lands, castles, liberties, or rights, without the lawful judgement of his equals, we will at once restore these. In cases of dispute the matter shall be resolved by the judgement of the twenty-five barons referred to below in the clause for securing the peace (§ 61). In cases, however, where a man was deprived or dispossessed of something without the lawful judgement of his equals by our father King Henry or our brother King Richard, and it remains in our hands or is held by others under our warranty, we shall have respite for the period commonly allowed to Crusaders, unless a lawsuit had been begun, or an enquiry had been made at our order, before we took the Cross as a Crusader. On our return from the Crusade, or if we abandon it, we will at once render justice in full.

• (53) We shall have similar respite [to that in clause 52] in rendering justice in connexion with forests that are to be disafforested, or to remain forests, when these were first afforested by our father Henry or our brother Richard; with the guardianship of lands in another person's `fee', when we have hitherto had this by virtue of a `fee' held of us for knight's service by a third party; and with abbeys founded in another person's `fee', in which the lord of the `fee' claims to own a right. On our return from the Crusade, or if we abandon it, we will at once do full justice to complaints about these matters.

After the death of John, Henry III was compelled to grant the Charter of the Forest (1217), which further reformed the forest law and established the rights of agistment and pannage on private land within the forests. It also checked certain of the extortions of the foresters. An "Ordinance of the Forest" under Edward I again checked the oppression of the officers, and introduced sworn juries in the forest courts. In 1300 many (if not all) forests were perambulated and reduced greatly in their extent, in theory to their extent in the time of Henry II. Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was crowned King of England in 1216, despite being less than ten years of age. ... Events April 9 - Peter of Courtenay crowned emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople at Rome, by Pope Honorius III May 20 - First Barons War, royalist victory at Lincoln. ... Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as skank because of his 16 foot 5 inch (1. ... Events February 22 - Jubilee of Pope Boniface VIII. March 10 - Wardrobe accounts of King Edward I of Englanddo (aka Edward Longshanks) include a reference to a game called creag being played at the town of Newenden in Kent. ... Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland[citation needed], eastern Ireland, and western France. ...

By the Tudor period and after, forest law had largely become anachronistic, and served primarily to protect timber in the royal forests. The last serious exercise of forest law by a court of justice-seat seems to have been in about 1635, as an attempt by Charles I to raise money; the last, pro forma court was held in 1670. Allegory of the Tudor dynasty (detail), attributed to Lucas de Heere, ca 1572: left to right, Philip II of Spain, Mary, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Elizabeth The Tudor period usually refers to the historical period between 1485 and 1558, especially in relation to the history of England. ... Events February 10 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ... Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Ireland, and King of Scots from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ... 1670 was a common year beginning on a Saturday in countries using the Julian calendar and a Wednesday in countries using the Gregorian calendar. ...

The remaining royal forests continued to be managed (in theory, at least) on behalf of the crown. However, the commoners' rights of grazing often seem to have been more important than the rights of the crown. In the late 18th century and early 19th century, it was considered that there would be a need for oak for shipbuilding, leading to steps being taken to replant woods. In 1810, responsibility for woods was moved from Surveyors-General (who accounted to the Auditors of Land Revenue) to a new Commission of Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues, who were in turn ultimately replaced by the Forestry Commission. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus, and some related genera, notably Cyclobalanopsis and Lithocarpus. ... Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Commission of Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues was established in the United Kingdom in 1810 by merging the former offices of Surveyor General of Woods, Forests, Parks, and Chases and Surveyor General of the Land Revenue of the Crown into a three-man commission. ... The Forestry Commission is a government body in the United Kingdom. ...

Royal forests in England

• Alice Holt and Woolmer
• Forest of Bere
• Chute Forest
• Clarendon Forest
• Feckenham Forest, mainly in Worcestershire
• Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire
• Epping Forest part of Waltham Forest
• Hatfield Forest
• The Fens in south Lincolnshire.
• Inglewood Forest
• Kinver Forest, Staffordshire formerly extending into Worcestershire
• Malvern Forest, Worcestershire was strictly only a chase.
• Morfe Forest, lying east and southeast of Bridgnorth
• Needwood Forest in east Staffordshire was parcel of the Duchy of Lancaster
• New Forest, Hampshire
• Pamber Forest
• Rockingham Forest, Northamptonshire
• Shirlett Forest, whose final extent was a small area northwest of Bridgnorth
• Salcey Forest, Northamptonshire
• Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire
• Windsor Forest
• Whittlewood Forest
• Wyre Forest, Worcestershire and Shropshire was strictly only a chase

In Hampshire, England. ... Chute Forest is a village and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire. ... Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ... The (Royal) Forest of Dean is a region in the county of Gloucestershire, England. ... Gloucestershire (pronounced ; GLOSS-ter-sher) is a county in South West England. ... Epping Forest is an area of ancient woodland in south-east England, straddling the border between north-east Greater London and Essex. ... Hatfield Forest in Essex, England lies between the parishes of Little Hallingbury and Takeley, and covers 1,049 acres of woodland, grassland with trees, lake and marsh. ... Redgrave and Lopham Fen. ... Inglewood Forest is the name now given on maps to a large tract of mainly arable and dairy farm land with a few small woodland areas between Carlisle and Penrith in the English non-metropolitan county of Cumbria or traditional county of Cumberland. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ... Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... A not-so-nice duchy. ... Bucklers Hard on the Beaulieu River For other uses, see New Forest (disambiguation). ... Hampshire, sometimes historically Southamptonshire or Hamptonshire, (abbr. ... Rockingham Forest is a former medieval hunting forest located between the towns of Corby and Kettering in the county of Northamptonshire in England. ... Northamptonshire (abbreviated Northants or Nhants) is a landlocked county in central England with a population of 629,676 (2001 census). ... Statistics Population: 11,742 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SO716927 Administration District: Bridgnorth Shire county: Shropshire Region: West Midlands Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Shropshire Historic county: Shropshire Services Police force: West Mercia Ambulance service: West Midlands Post office and telephone Post town: BRIDGNORTH Postal... Salcey Forest is a former medieval hunting forest in the south of the county of Northamptonshire in England. ... Northamptonshire (abbreviated Northants or Nhants) is a landlocked county in central England with a population of 629,676 (2001 census). ... Birch trees in the Sherwood Forest The legendary Major Oak View of the Forest looking Northeast Sherwood Forest is a world famous country park surrounding the village of Edwinstowe in Nottinghamshire, England, historically associated with the legend of Robin Hood. ... Nottinghamshire (abbreviated Notts) is an English county in the East Midlands, which borders South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Derbyshire. ... Whittlewood Forest is a former medieval hunting forest in the south of the county of Northamptonshire in England. ... Wyre Forest is a local government district in Worcestershire, England, covering the towns of Kidderminster, Stourport-on-Severn and Bewdley. ... Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ... Shropshire (abbreviated Salop or Shrops) is an English county in the West Midlands region of the United Kingdom. ...

Reference

• Grafton Regis Millenium Project. Grafton Regis History and Heritage CDROM (2004) disc 1. in the Forests and Parks section gives information on the law and management of Whittlewood and Salcey forests.