Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer (born January 31, 1929) is a German physicist who studied gamma rays from nuclear transitions. January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1929 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The word physicist should not be confused with physician, which means medical doctor. ... This article is about electromagnetic radiation. ... Nuclear physics is the branch of physics concerned with the nucleus of the atom. ...

Mössbauer was born in Munich. He won, along with Robert Hofstadter of the United States, the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1961 for his 1957 discovery of the Mössbauer effect — research which he carried out as a PhD student at the Munich University of Technology (TUM). Munich: Frauenkirche and Town Hall steeple Munich (German: München pronunciation) is the state capital of the German Bundesland of Bavaria. ... Robert Hofstadter (February 5, 1915 - November 17, 1990) was the winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... 1961 (As MAD Magazine pointed out on its first cover for the year) was the first upside-down year—i. ... 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Mössbauer effect, a physical phenomenon discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1957, refers to the resonant and recoil-free emission and absorption of gamma rays by atoms bound in a solid form. ... A graduate student (also, grad student or grad in American English, postgraduate student or postgrad in British English) is an individual who has completed a bachelors degree (B.A., B.S./B.Sc. ... Munich University of Technology, or Technical University of Munich (TUM) (German: Technische Universität München, TUM), is a major German university, located in Munich (and the towns of Garching and Weihenstephan out of Munich). ...

Surely having one of the steepest career paths within physics (not many Nobel prizes are awarded for PhD theses, after all), he became a professor at CalTech in 1961. Only three years later, his alma mater, the physics department of the TUM, could convince him to come back as full professor, where he still is professor emeritus (retired full professor, retaining certain rights). A professor is a senior teacher and researcher, usually in a college or university. ... California Institute of Technology The California Institute of Technology (commonly known as Caltech) is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ... 1961 (As MAD Magazine pointed out on its first cover for the year) was the first upside-down year—i. ...

Combining an umlaut and an eszett in his name, his name (and the effect named for him) has a notorious amount of spelling variations in English texts: Mößbauer is correct, Moessbauer the correct German umlaut-free style, Mossbauer wrong but common and Mosbauer also seen. Ä ä Ö ö Ü ü The term umlaut is used for two closely related notions: a special kind of vowel modification and a particular diacritic mark. ... The ß — Eszett [] in German or scharfes Es (sharp es) if spelled out — is a letter used only in the German alphabet. ...

External link

• Photo of Rudolf Mössbauer (http://store.aip.org/OA_MEDIA/esva/mossbauer_r_l_a3.jpg)
• MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY CALENDAR (http://arts-sciences.cua.edu/chem/may/MossHist.htm)