Visit of Alexander I to the library in 1812.

Visit of Nicholas I to the library in 1853.

The Russian National Library in St Petersburg, known as the State Public Saltykov-Shchedrin Library in 1932-92 (i.e. in the Soviet time), is the oldest public library in Russia. It shouldn't be confused with the Russian State Library, located in Moscow. Image File history File links 19th-century painting representing Alexander Is visit to the Russian National Library on January 2, 1812. ... Image File history File links 19th-century painting representing Alexander Is visit to the Russian National Library on January 2, 1812. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... Image File history File links Library1853. ... Image File history File links Library1853. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov (15 January 1826 - 28 April 1889 OS, or 27 January 1826 - 10 May 1889 NS), better known under his penname Shchedrin, was a leading Russian satirist, whose reputation is now in decline. ... Motto: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) Translation: Workers of the world, unite!) Anthem: The Internationale (1922-1944) Hymn of the Soviet Union (1944-1991) Capital (and largest city) Moscow Official languages None; Russian de facto Government Socialist Republic/Federation of Soviet Republics  - Last President Mikhail Gorbachev  - Last Premier Ivan Silayev... Librarians and patrons in a typical larger urban public library. ... The Russian State Library is the national library of Russia, located in Moscow. ... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ...

It was established as the Imperial Public Library in 1795 by Catherine the Great, who inaugurated its collection with the domestic libraries of Voltaire and Diderot, which she had purchased from their heirs. The foundation and cornerstone of the library came from the Załuski's Library from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (250,000 volumes) ^[1]. Those Polish books were transferred to Poland by the Soviet Russia in 1921 ^[2] In 1811 funds of the library began to grow rapidly, because since then a copy of each book, published in the Imperial Russia was deposited with the library. And by 1914 the library contained 3,000,000 volumes. ^[2] 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from... François-Marie Arouet (21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778), better known by the pen name Voltaire, was a French Enlightenment writer, essayist, deist and philosopher. ... Denis Diderot Denis Diderot (October 5, 1713 - July 31, 1784) was a French writer and philosopher. ... ZaÅ‚uski Library The ZaÅ‚uski Library (Zalusciana, Biblioteka ZaÅ‚uskich) was built in Warsaw 1747–1795 by Józef Andrzej ZaÅ‚uski and his brother, Andrzej StanisÅ‚aw ZaÅ‚uski, both Catholic bishops. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Soviet Russia is sometimes used as a somewhat sloppy synonym to the Soviet Union — although the term Soviet Russia sometimes refers to Bolshevist Russia from the October Revolution in 1917 to 1922 (Although Russian communists officially formed RSFSR in 1918). ...

The library's main building on the Nevsky Prospekt was built to a Neoclassical design by Yegor Sokolov in 1796-1801. Several annexes were added in the course of the following century, notably the Gothic Hall (1857). For two decades after its foundation, the institution was run by Count Alexander Stroganov, who secured for the library some of its most invaluable treasures, namely the Ostromir Gospel, the earliest book written in Russian language, and the Hypatian Codex of the Russian Primary Chronicle. Nevsky Prospekt, or the Neva Avenue (Russian: Невский проспект), is the main street in the city of St Petersburg. ... The neoclassical movement that produced Neoclassical architecture began in the mid-18th century, both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque. ... 1796 was a leap year starting on Friday. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Stroganovs or Strogonovs (Строгановы, Строгоновы in Russian), also spelled in French manner as Stroganoffs, was a family of highly successful Russian merchants, industrialists, landowners, and statesmen of the 16th - 20th centuries that eventually earned nobility. ... The Ostromir Codex, written in the Church Slavonic with many vernacular words, is famous for its brilliant miniatures. ... Russian ( , tr. ... The Hypatian Codex (Hypatian Chronicle, Ipatiev Chronicle, Russian: ) is a compendium of three chronicles: Primary Chronicle, Kiev Chronicle, and Halych-Volhynian Chronicle. ... The Russian Primary Chronicle (Russian: Повесть временных лет, Povest vremennykh let, which is often translated in English as Tale of Bygone Years), is a history of the early East Slavic state, Kievan Rus, from...

The library was officially opened on January 3, 1814 in the presence of Gavrila Derzhavin and Ivan Krylov. Its second director was Aleksey Olenin (1763-1843), during whose term in office Krylov, Konstantin Batyushkov, Nikolay Gnedich, Anton Delvig, Mikhail Zagoskin, Alexander Vostokov, and Father Ioakinf joined the library staff. Sergey Uvarov served as the deputy director. The library's doors were opened to all kinds of readers, including women and peasants. January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin (Гаврила Романович Державин, 1743 – 1816) was the greatest Russian poet before Alexander Pushkin. ... Ivan Andreyevich Krylov (Иван Андреевич Крылов in Russian) (February 13, 1769 - November 21, 1844) was a famous Russian fabulist. ... Konstantin Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov (1787, Vologda - 1855, Vologda) was an important precursor of Alexander Pushkin in the Russian poetry. ... Nikolay Ivanovich Gnedich (Russian: ) (February 2(13), 1784, Poltava - February 3(15), 1833, Petersburg) was a Russian poet and translator best known for his idyll The Fishers (1822). ... Anton Delvig (1798–1831) was a Russian poet. ... Alexander Khristoforovich Vostokov (Александр Христофорович Востоков in Russian) (1781 - 1864) was one of the first Russian philologists and the greatest 19th-century authority on the Old Church Slavonic language. ... Bichurins map of Lhasa. ... Count Sergey Semionovich Uvarov (Уваров, Сергей Семенович in Russian) (September 5, 1786 — September 16, 1855) was an influential Imperial Russian statesman. ...

From 1849 to 1861 the library was run by Count Modest von Korff (1800-76), who had been Alexander Pushkin's school-fellow at the Lyceum. He added to the library's collections the earliest manuscripts of the New Testament (the Codex Sinaiticus from the 340s) and the Old Testament (the so-called Leningrad Codex). Korff was succeeded in office by Ivan Delyanov. 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Aleksandr Pushkin was a Russian poet and a founder of modern Russian literature Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин) (June 6 (May 26, O.S... A lyceum can be an educational institution (often a school of secondary education in Europe), or a public hall used for cultural events like concerts. ... John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ... A portion of the Codex Sinaiticus, containing Esther 2:3-8. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh. ... The Leningrad codex is the oldest surviving complete copy of the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible, dated 1008. ... Count Ivan Davidovich Delyanov (Делянов, Иван Давыдович in Russian) (December 12, 1818 — January 10, 1898) was a Russian statesman of Armenian descent. ...

In 1939 the library was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. In 1948, the Neoclassical campus of the Catherine Institute on the Fontanka Embankment (Giacomo Quarenghi, 1804-07) was assigned to the library. By 1970, the Library contained more than 17,000,000 items. The modern building for the book depository was erected on the Moskovsky Prospekt in the 1980s and 1990s. The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was an Order (decoration) of the Soviet Union for accomplishments in labour and civil service. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... It has been said that Quarenghi, due to his somewhat droll appearance, was the most frequently painted of architects. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... New building of the Russian National Library on Moskovsky Prospekt Moskovsky Prospekt (literally: Moscow Avenue) is a 10 km-long avenue in Saint Petersburg, Russia. ...

St. Petersburg Bede (746) Image File history File links Download high resolution version (400x604, 72 KB) Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum Beda Petersburgiensis, fol. ... Folio 3v from the Leningrad Bede The St. ...	Trebizond Gospel (10th cent.) Image File history File links Trapezunt_gospel. ... Illumination representing Mark the Evangelist. ...	Ostromir Gospel (1056) Image File history File links Ostromirs Gospel (mid 11th century) from the Russian National Library File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Ostromir Codex, written in the Church Slavonic with many vernacular words, is famous for its brilliant miniatures. ...	Spiridon Psalter (1397) Image File history File links Kiev_psalter. ... A page from the psalter illustrating creation of Adam and his life in the Paradise. ...
Guyart de Moulin's Bible Historiale (1350s) Image File history File links Navarre_bible. ...	Simon Marmion's Grandes Chroniques de France (1450s) Image File history File links Marmion. ... Marmion, Simon (born circa 1425 at Amiens, France, died 1489) was a Netherlandish painter. ... Philip Augustus captures Tours in 1189. ...	Hours of Maria Stuart (1490s) Image File history File links Stuartbreviary. ... Mary I of Scotland (Mary Stuart or Stewart) (December 8, 1542 – February 8, 1587), better known as Mary, Queen of Scots, was the ruler of Scotland from December 14, 1542 – July 24, 1567. ...	Lancelot du Lac (ca. 1500) Image File history File links Lancelotdulac. ... This entry was adapted from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica. ...

References

1. ^ Малый энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона, published in the Imperial Russia in the early 1900s
2. ^ ^{a b} Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd. edition

Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Title page of the 3rd ed. ...

External links

• Official site of the library
• Russian National Library on the Fontanka Embankment
• Russian National Library on the Moscow Prospect
• The personal library of Voltaire as exhibited in the RNL