A Russian Warrior, Bilibin's costume design for Borodin's "Prince Igor", 1930)

See also Russian opera articles for the details and additional information Image File history File links Russian_Opera2. ... Image File history File links Russian_Opera2. ... Ivan Ya. ... Portrait of Borodin Alexander Porfirevich Borodin (Александр Порфирьевич Бородин in Cyrillic, Aleksandr Porfirevič Borodin in transliteration) (31 Oct. ... Prince Igor (Князь Игорь in Russian, Knyaz Igor in transliteration) is an opera in a prologue and four acts by Alexander Borodin to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the East Slavic epic The Tale of Igors Campaign. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The following is a list of Russian opera articles. ...

Russian opera (Russian: Ру́сская о́пера) is the art of opera in Russia. Operas by composers of Russian origin, written or staged outside of Russia, also belong to this category, as well as the operas of foreign composers written or intended for the Russian scene. These are not only Russian-language operas. There are examples of Russian operas written in French, English, Italian, Latin, Ancient Greek, Japanese, or the multitude of languages of the nationalities that were part of the Imperial and Soviet Russia. The Bath, a painting by Mary Cassatt (1891-1892). ... Sydney Opera House: one of the worlds most recognisable opera houses and landmarks. ... Russian (Russian: русский язык, russkiy yazyk, ) is the most widely spoken language of Eurasia and the most widespread of the Slavic languages. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA // – Hellenic) is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Motto: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Russian: Workers of the world, unite!) Anthem: The Internationale (1922-1944) Hymn of the Soviet Union (1944-1991) Capital Moscow Largest city Moscow Official language(s) None; Russian de facto Government Federation of Soviet Republics Establishment October Revolution  - Declared 30 December 1922   - Recognized 1...

Russian opera reached its peak in the work of such composers as Glinka, Mussorgsky, Borodin, Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Stravinsky, Prokofiev and Shostakovich. However throughout its long and fascinating history, with its rich and multifarious background, Russian opera is significant in the development of the art form. Composers are people who write music. ... Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Михаи́л Ива́нович Гли́нка) (June 1, 1804 – February 15, 1857) was a Russian composer. ... Modest Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (more accurately spelled Musorgsky) (Russian: , Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, French: ) (March 9/21, 1839 – March 16/28, 1881), one of the Russian composers known as the Five, was an innovator of Russian music. ... Portrait of Borodin Alexander Porfirevich Borodin (Александр Порфирьевич Бородин in Cyrillic, Aleksandr Porfirevič Borodin in transliteration) (31 Oct. ... Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Russian Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский, sometimes transliterated as Piotr, Anglicised as Peter Ilich), (May 7, 1840 – November 6, 1893 (N.S.); April 25, 1840 – October 25, 1893 (O.S.)) was a Russian composer of the Romantic era. ... Portrait of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov by Valentin Serov (1898) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov), also Nikolay, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 6/18, 1844 – June 8/21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of harmony and orchestration. ... Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (Russian: И́горь Фёдорович Страви́нский Igor Fjodorovič Stravinskij) (June 17, 1882 – April 6, 1971) was a Russian-born composer of modern classical music. ... Sergei Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Russian: , Sergej Sergejevič Prokof’ev; 15/April 271, 1891–March 5, 1953) was a Ukrainian-born Russian composer who mastered numerous musical genres and came to be admired as one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. ... Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian: , Dmitrij Dmitrievič Å ostakovič) (September 25 [O.S. September 12] 1906–August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ...

Searching for its typical and characteristic features, Russian opera (and Russian music as a whole), has often been under strong foreign influence. Italian, French, and German operas have served as examples, even when composers sought to introduce special, national elements into their work. This dualism, to a greater or lesser degree, has persisted throughout the whole history of Russian opera.

18th century

Opera came to Russia in the 18th century. At first there were Italian language operas presented by Italian opera troupes. Later some foreign composers serving to the Russian Imperial Court began to write Russian-language operas, while some Russian composers were involved into writing of the operas in Italian and French. And only at the beginning of 1770s the first modest attempts of the composers of Russian origin to compose operas to the Russian librettos were made. This was not a real creation of Russian national opera yet, but rather a weak imitation of Italian, French or German examples. But nevertheless, these experiments were important, and paved the way for the great achievements of 19th and 20th centuries. Sydney Opera House: one of the worlds most recognisable opera houses and landmarks. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Italian ( , or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, primarily in Italy. ... Italian opera can be divided into three periods, the Baroque, the Romantic and the modern. ... A troupe is a theatre company of touring actors, singers and/or dancers. ... Imperial Court in Kyoto was the nominal ruling government of Japan since 794 until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo and was integrated into the Meiji government. ... Libretto can also refer to a sub-notebook PC manufactured by Toshiba. ...

Italians ^[1]

Originating in Italy in c1600, opera spread all over Europe and reached Russia in 1731, when the King of Poland and the Elector of Saxony August II the Strong (based in Dresden) 'loaned' his Italian opera troupe to the Russian Empress Anna for the celebration of her coronation in Moscow. 1597 1598 1599 - 1600 - 1601 1602 1603 |- | align=center colspan=2 | Decades: 1570s 1580s 1590s - 1600s - 1610s 1620s 1630s |- | align=center | Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century |} // Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned at the... Events 10 Downing Street becomes the official residence of the United Kingdoms Prime Minister when Robert Walpole moves in. ... An elector can be: In the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation, the collegiate of seven Electors (eight since 1648) (Kurfürsten) consisted of those lay or clerical princes who had the right to vote in the election of the king or Holy Roman Emperor; see prince-elector. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stata Sakska) is at a land area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ... Reign 1697 – 1706, and 1709 – 1 February 1733 Elected 1697 in Wola, now a district of Warsaw, Poland Coronation 15 September 1697, Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Wettin Parents John George III Wettin, Anne Sophie Consorts Christiane Eberhardine, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth Children August III the Saxon, Maurice... Dresden (Sorbian: Drježdźany; etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest) is the capital city of the German Federal State of Saxony and situated in a valley on the River Elbe. ... H.I.M. Anna Ioannovna, Empress and Autocrat of all the Russias, Duchess of Courland Anna Ioannovna (In Russian: Анна Иоанновна) (February 7, 1693 - October 28, 1740) reigned as Duchess of Courland from 1711 to 1730 and as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ...

The first opera shown in Russia was Calandro by Giovanni Alberto Ristori (1692-1753). It was given in Moscow in 1731 under his and his father Tommaso Ristori’s direction, with 13 actors and nine singers including Ludovica Seyfried, Margherita Ermini and Rosalia Fantasia. Schloss Pillnitz, near Dresden Calandro is three-act opera buffa by Giovanni Alberto Ristori (1692-1753) to a libretto by Stefano Benedetto Pallavicini. ... Giovanni Alberto Ristori - Calandro CD cover KammerTon (KT 22005) Giovanni Alberto Ristori (born Bologna? 1692 - died Dresden 7 February 1753) was an Italian opera composer and conductor. ... Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. ... 1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Events 10 Downing Street becomes the official residence of the United Kingdoms Prime Minister when Robert Walpole moves in. ...

Francesco Araja

Valeriani: Sets for the "first Russian opera" Tsefal i Prokris by Araja, 1755

Baldassarre Galuppi

Tommaso Traetta

Giovanni Paisiello

Giuseppe Sarti

Domenico Cimarosa

Vicente Martin y Soler

Dmytro Bortniansky

Yevstigney Fomin

After that Italian opera troupes were welcomed to Russia for the entertaining of the Empress and her Court. In 1735 a big Italian opera troupe led by a composer Francesco Araja was invited for the first time to work in St. Petersburg. The first opera given by them was Araja’s La forza dell'amore e dell'odio, with a text by Francesco Prata, staged on February 8 [OS January 29], 1736 as Sila lyubvi i nenavisti (The Power of Love and Hatred). Araja’s next two productions were the operas seria SIl finto Nino, overo La Semiramide riconosciuta to the text by Francesco Silvani given on February 9, 1737 [OS January 28], St. Petersburg and Artaserse to the text by Pietro Metastasio, performed on February 9, 1738 [OS January 28] in St. Petersburg. Araja spent around 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Court. Image File history File links Araja1. ... Image File history File links Araja1. ... Image File history File links Valeriani_Tsefal_i_Prokris. ... Image File history File links Valeriani_Tsefal_i_Prokris. ... Giuseppe Valeriani: Sketch of sets for the opera Tsefal i Prokris by Francesco Araja, 1755 Tsefal i Prokris (Russian: Цефал и Прокрис – Cephalus and Prokris), is an opera seria in three acts by the Italian composer Francesco Araja. ... Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Image File history File links Galuppi. ... Image File history File links Galuppi. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (445x640, 65 KB) ファイルの概要 Tommaso Traetta, From en:Wikipedia en:Image:Tommaso traetta. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (445x640, 65 KB) ファイルの概要 Tommaso Traetta, From en:Wikipedia en:Image:Tommaso traetta. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (450x614, 44 KB)Portrait of Giovanni Paisiello by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, 1791. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (450x614, 44 KB)Portrait of Giovanni Paisiello by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, 1791. ... Image File history File links Sarti. ... Image File history File links Sarti. ... Image File history File links Cimarosa. ... Image File history File links Cimarosa. ... Image File history File links Martin_y_Soler1. ... Image File history File links Martin_y_Soler1. ... Dmytro Bortniansky Source: http://www. ... Dmytro Bortniansky Source: http://www. ... Image File history File links Evstigney_Fomin. ... Image File history File links Evstigney_Fomin. ... Events April 16 - The London premiere of Alcina by George Frideric Handel, his first the first Italian opera for the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden. ... Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Opera seria is an Italian musical term which refers to the noble and serious style of Italian opera that predominated in Europe from the 1720s to ca 1770. ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events 12 February — The San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated. ... Pietro Trapassi (January 13, 1698 – April 12, 1782), Italian poet, is better known by his pseudonym of Metastasio. ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events February 4 - Court Jew Joseph Suss Oppenheimer is executed in Württenberg April 15 - Premiere in London of Serse, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel. ... Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i...

In 1742, in connection witho the celebration of the coronation of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna in Moscow the opera Tito Vespasiano [La clemenza di Tito] by Johann Adolf Hasse (1699-1783) was staged. A new theatre was built especially for this event. In 1743 at "Zimnij Dvorets", the (Winter Palace) in St. Petersburg, instead of a small hall of "Comedie et opere" was built a new Opera House (architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli) that held about a thousand persons. // Events January 24 - Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ... Empress Elizaveta Petrovna (1709-62) Yelizaveta Petrovna (Елизаве́та Петро́вна) (December 29, 1709 - January 5, 1762) was an Empress of Russia (1741 - 1762) who took the country into the War of Austrian succession (1740 - 1748) and the Seven Years War (1756-63). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Johann Adolph Hasse. ... Events January 26 - Treaty of Karlowitz signed March 30 - the tenth Sikh Master, Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa. ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... // Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... Located between the Palace Embankment and the Palace Square, the Winter Palace (Russian: Зимний Дворец) in St. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An architect is a person involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli (1700-71) was the most important baroque architect working in Russia. ...

The next opera seria by Araja Seleuco, text by Giuseppe Bonecchi was given on May 7 [OS April 26] 1744 in Moscow as part of a double celebration of the anniversary of the coronation of Elizaveta Petrovna and conclusion of peace with Sweden. Opera seria is an Italian musical term which refers to the noble and serious style of Italian opera that predominated in Europe from the 1720s to ca 1770. ... Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Giuseppe Bonecchi - was an Italian poet and opera librettist. ... May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (128th in leap years). ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Empress Elizaveta Petrovna (1709-62) Yelizaveta Petrovna (Елизаве́та Петро́вна) (December 29, 1709 - January 5, 1762) was an Empress of Russia (1741 - 1762) who took the country into the War of Austrian succession (1740 - 1748) and the Seven Years War (1756-63). ...

The staging of Araja’s opera seria Bellerofonte, text by Giuseppe Bonecchi (December 9, 1750 [OS November 28], St Petersburg) was notable for the participation of a Russian singer from “pevchie” of the Court Capella Mark Poltoratski, who played the role of Ataman, a nobleman of Kingdom of Likia. Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Opera seria is an Italian musical term which refers to the noble and serious style of Italian opera that predominated in Europe from the 1720s to ca 1770. ... Giuseppe Bonecchi - was an Italian poet and opera librettist. ... December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events March 2 - Small earthquake in London, England April 4 - Small earthquake in Warrington, England August 23 - Small earthquake in Spalding, England September 30 - Small earthquake in Northampton, England November 16 – Westminster Bridge officially opened Jonas Hanway is the first Englishman to use an umbrella James Gray reveals her sex... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Ercole de Roberti: Concert, c. ... The term capella can refer to: A cappella, a music term referring to vocal music or singing without instrumental accompaniment. ...

The first opera written in Russian was Araja’s Tsefal i Prokris (Cephalus and Prokris, libretto by Alexander Sumarokov) that was staged at St. Petersburg on March 7, [OS February 27], 1755. Francesco Araja Francesco Domenico Araja (or Araia, Russian: Арайя) (Born: June 25, 1709, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, died between 1762 and 1770, Bologna, States of the Church) was an Italian composer who spent 25 year in Russia and wrote at least 14 operas for the Russian Imperial Court including Tsefal i... Giuseppe Valeriani: Sketch of sets for the opera Tsefal i Prokris by Francesco Araja, 1755 Tsefal i Prokris (Russian: Цефал и Прокрис – Cephalus and Prokris), is an opera seria in three acts by the Italian composer Francesco Araja. ... Alexander P. Sumarokov Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov (Александр Петрович Сумароков) (1717 - 1774) was a Russian poet and playwright who single-handedly created Neoclassical theatre in Russia. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in leap years). ... 1755 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

The second opera set to a Russian text was Alceste, 1758, libretto by Alexander Sumarokov) by German composer Hermann Raupach (1728-1778) also serving to the Russian Court. Raupach spent 18 years in Russia and died in St Petersburg in 1778. 1758 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander P. Sumarokov Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov (Александр Петрович Сумароков) (1717 - 1774) was a Russian poet and playwright who single-handedly created Neoclassical theatre in Russia. ... Hermann Friedrich Raupach (December 21, 1728, Stralsund - December 12, 1778, St Petersburg) was a German composer. ... Events Astronomical aberration discovered by the astronomer James Bradley Swedish academy of sciences founded at Uppsala The founding of the University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana), Cubas most well-established university. ... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1757 a private opera enterprise directed by Giovanni Battista Locatelli (1713-c1770) was invited to St. Petersburg. They had show an opera every week for the court, and two-three times a week they were allowed to give open public performances. The repertoire was mostly of Italian opera buffa. For the first three years the troupe had presented the seven operas by Baldassare Galuppi (1706-1785)including Il mondo della luna (The World of the Moon), Il Filosofo di campagna (The Village Philosopher), and Il mondo alla roversa, ossia Le donne che commandono (The Worlds Upside Down, or Women Command). 1757 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Wall Street, Manhattan is the location of the New York Stock Exchange and is often used as a symbol for the world of business. ... Giovanni Battista Locatelli (1713-c1770) was an Italian opera director and owner of a private opera company. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Comic opera. ... Baldassare Galuppi (October 18, 1706 - January 3, 1785) was a Venetian composer noted for his operas, and particularly opera buffa. ... Events March 27 - Concluding that Emperor Iyasus I of Ethiopia had abdicated by retiring to a monastery, a council of high officials appoint Tekle Haymanot I Emperor of Ethiopia May 23 - Battle of Ramillies September 7 - The Battle of Turin in the War of Spanish Succession - forces of Austria and... 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

In 60-80s in Russia the were working in turn Venetian Galuppi, Manfredini from Pistoia, Traetta from Bitonto near Barri, Paisiello from Taranto, Sarti, Cimarosa from Campania, and Spaniard Martin y Soler. Each of them brought an important contribution, producing operas to the Italian as well as Russian libretti. Here are listed some of the operas written and premiered in Russia: Country Italy Region Veneto Province Venice (VE) Mayor Massimo Cacciari (since April 18, 2005) Elevation m Area 412 km² Population  - Total (as of December 31, 2004) 271,251  - Density 646/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Veneziani Dialing code 041 Postal code 30100 Frazioni Chirignago, Favaro Veneto, Mestre... Baldassare Galuppi (October 18, 1706 - January 3, 1785) was a Venetian composer noted for his operas, and particularly opera buffa. ... Vincenzo Manfredini: Harpsichord Sonata Cover, Edition of 1765. ... Pistoia (ancient Pistoria) is a city in the Tuscany region of Italy, the capital of a province of the same name, located about 30 km (18 mi) west and north of Florence. ... Tommaso Traetta (1727 – April 6, 1779) was an Italian composer. ... Bitonto is a city of 56,369 inhabitants in the province of Bari in Italy. ... AM 748 I 4to, one of the two manuscripts to preserve Skírnismál, has notes on the margin indicating the speaker of each verse. ... Paisiello at the clavichord, by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, 1791. ... Founded 706 BC as Taras () Region Apulia Mayor Rossana Di Bello Area  - City Proper  217 km² Population  - City (2001)  - Density (city proper) 201,349 973/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 40°28 N 17°14 E www. ... Giuseppe Sarti (December 28, 1729 - July 28, 1802), was an Italian composer. ... Domenico Cimarosa (December 17, 1749-January 11, 1801), Italian opera composer, was born at Aversa, in the kingdom of Naples. ... Campania is a region of Southern Italy, bordering on Lazio to the north-west, Molise to the north, Puglia to the north-east, Basilicata to the east, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ... Vicente Martin y Soler Vicente Martín y Soler (May 2, 1754 - January 30, 1806) was a Valencian composer of opera and ballet. ...

Vincenzo Manfredini (1737-1799) spent 12 years in Russia and died in St Petersburg. The son and pupil of famous baroque composer Francesco Manfredini, he was a music teacher for Pavel Petrovich who later became Emperor of Russia. For the Russian Imperial Court Manfredini wrote five operas including: Semiramide (1760, St Petersburg), L'Olimpiade (1762 Moscow) and Carlo Magno (1763 St Petersburg). Vincenzo Manfredini: Harpsichord Sonata Cover, Edition of 1765. ... Events 12 February — The San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Francesco Onofrio Manfredini (June 22, 1684 – October 6, 1762) was an Italian baroque composer, violinist, and church musician. ... Paul I of Russia by Vladimir Borovikovsky Paul I of Russia (Russian: ; Pavel Petrovich) (October 1, 1754–March 23, 1801) was the Emperor of Russia between 1796 and 1801. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1762 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Tommaso Traetta (1727-1779) was a maestro di cappella at the Russian Imperial Court for eight years (1768-1775, and wrote there five operas, including: Astrea placata (1770 St Petersburg), Antigone (1772 St Petersburg), and Le quattro stagioni e i dodici mesi dell'anno (1776 St Petersburg). Tommaso Traetta (1727 – April 6, 1779) was an Italian composer. ... Events 1727 to 1800 - Lt. ... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Kapellmeister (Ka*pellmeis`ter), is a German word designating a person in charge of music-making. ... Imperial Court in Kyoto was the nominal ruling government of Japan since 794 until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo and was integrated into the Meiji government. ... 1768 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1775 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1770 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Catherine IIs soldiers in the Russo-Turkish War, by Alexandre Benois. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... This article is about the year 1776. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Giovanni Paisiello (1740 – 1816), a famous Neapolitan composer of more than 100 operas seria and buffa, he spent in Russia eight years (1776-1783), where he wrote 12 operas including Nitteti (1777 St. Petersburg), Lucinda e Armidoro (1777 St. Petersburg), Il barbiere di Siviglia, ovvero La precauzione inutile (1782 Hermitage Theatre), and Il mondo della luna (1782 Kamenny Island Theatre). Paisiello at the clavichord, by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, 1791. ... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Seria is a town in the Belait District of Brunei. ... Opera buffa (comic opera), also known as Commedia per musica (musical comedy), or Dramma giocoso per musica (musical dramatic comedy), is a form of opera. ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Kamenny Island Theatre, 1830s. ...

Giuseppe Sarti (1729-1802), a composer of about 40 operas, he spent in Russia eighteen years (1784-1802). After being for eight years a maestro di cappella at the Imperial Court , he spent the next four years at the service of Prince Grigori Alexandrovich Potemkin at his estate in Southern Russia. Then he returned to the Court. In 1901 he solicited permission to return, because his health was broken. The emperor Alexander I dismissed him in 1802 with a liberal pension. Sarti died in Berlin. His most successful operas in Russia were Armida e Rinaldo and The Early Reign of Oleg (Nachal'noye upravleniye Olega), for the latter of which the empress herself wrote the libretto. Among the nine operas written in Russia are also: Gli amanti consolati (1784 St Petersburg), I finti eredi (1785 St Petersburg, Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre), Castore e Polluce (1786 Hermitage Theatre) and La famille indienne en Angleterre (1799 St Petersburg, Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre). Giuseppe Sarti (December 28, 1729 - July 28, 1802), was an Italian composer. ... Events July 30 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded. ... --69. ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... --69. ... Kapellmeister (Ka*pellmeis`ter), is a German word designating a person in charge of music-making. ... Imperial Court in Kyoto was the nominal ruling government of Japan since 794 until the Meiji Era, in which the court was moved to Tokyo and was integrated into the Meiji government. ... His Serene Highness Prince Potemkin of Tauride Knyaz Grigori Alexandrovich Potyomkin (Potemkin) (Russian: Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин) (September 13, 1739 (NS: September 24) – October 5, 1791 (NS: October 16)) was a Russian general-field marshal, statesman, and favorite of Catherine II the Great. ... Aleksander I Pavlovich Romanov (Russian: Александр I Павлович) (December 23, 1777–December 1, 1825), was Emperor of Russia from March 23, 1801–December 1, 1825 and King of Poland from 1815–1825, as well as the first Grand Duke of Finland. ... --69. ... Berlin is the capital city and a state of Germany. ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The St. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The St. ...

Domenico Cimarosa, (1749-1801) another famous Neapolitan composer, singer, violinist, harpsichordist, conductor ant teacher, who composed about 75 operas, was a maestro di cappella in Russia for five years (1787-1791), where wrote: La felicità inaspettata (1788 Hermitage Theatre), La vergine del sol'e (1788? Hermitage Theatre; 1789 St Petersburg, Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre) and La Cleopatra (Cleopatra e Marc Antonio 1789 Hermitage Theatre) Domenico Cimarosa (December 17, 1749-January 11, 1801), Italian opera composer, was born at Aversa, in the kingdom of Naples. ... Events While in debtors prison, John Cleland writes Fanny Hill (Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure). ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Kapellmeister (Ka*pellmeis`ter), is a German word designating a person in charge of music-making. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The St. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ...

Vicente Martin y Soler (1754-1806) a Spanish organist and composer of 21 operas and 5 ballets, he settled in Russia c1788, where he was called "Martini". He wrote there: Gore-Bogatyr Kosometovich (libretto by Catherine II of Russia, 1789 Hermitage Theatre) with overture on three Russian tunes, Pesnolyubie (1790 Hermitage Theatre), and La festa del villagio (1798 Hermitage Theatre). Vicente Martin y Soler Vicente Martín y Soler (May 2, 1754 - January 30, 1806) was a Valencian composer of opera and ballet. ... 1754 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Catherine II of Russia Catherine II of Russia, called the Great (Russian: Екатерина II Великая (Yekaterina II Velikaya), 2 May 1729 - 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796), born Sophie Augusta Frederike of Anhalt-Zerbst) — sometimes referred to as an epitome of the enlightened despot — reigned as Empress of Russia for more... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ... 1798 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Interior of the Hermitage Theatre. ...

Two of his operas premiered in Vienna, but also staged in Russia, Una cosa rara, o sia Bellezza ed onestà (The Rare Thing) and L'arbore di Diana (Diana's Tree) were especially popular. The first of them performed in Russian translation of Ivan Dmitrievsky had some elements of the antifeudal directivity. He died in St Petersburg in January 1806. Look up translate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Ivan Afanasievich Dmitrievsky (1734-1821) was the greatest actor of Russian Neoclassicism. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Ivan Kerzelli (also known as I. I. Kerzelli, or Iosif Kertsel) was a representative of a big family of foreign musicians Kerzelli (probably of Czech origin), settled in Russia in 18th century. He is regarded as a composer of a few famous operas: Lyubovnik - koldun (The Lover-Magician 1772 Moscow), Rozana i Lyubim (Rozana und Lyubim 1778, Moscow), Derevenskiy vorozheya (The Village Wizard c1777 Moscow) (Overture and songs were printed in Moscow 1778; They were the first opera fragments printed in Russia) and Guljanye ili sadovnik kuskovskoy (Promenade or the Gardener from Kuskovo 1780 or 1781 Kuskovo, Private Theatre of Count Nikolai Sheremetev). Ivan Kerzelli or Cherzelli (also known as I. I. Kerzelli, or Iosif Kertsel, Russian: Иван Керцелли, И. И. Керцелли, or Иосиф Керцель) was an opera composer and conductor in Imperial Russia of 18th century. ... Kerzelli, Cherzelli, Kerzelly or Kertsel (Russian: Керцелли, Керцель or Керцеллий) was a big family of musicians of Italian, Czech or Austrian origin [the available information is vague and contradictory] settled in Russia in the 18th century. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Catherine IIs soldiers in the Russo-Turkish War, by Alexandre Benois. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... 1780 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1781 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... View of Kuskovo in 1839 Kuskovo is an extensive estate, or manor, of the Counts Sheremetev, originally situated several miles to the east of Moscow but now forming a part of the East District of that city. ... Nikolai Argunov (1771-c1829): Portrait of Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev c1803 Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev (Russian: ) (June 28, 1751 (NS: July 9)–January 2, 1809 (NS: January 14)) was a Russian count, the son of Petr Borisovich Sheremetev, notable grandee of the epoch of empresses Anna Ivanovna, Elizabeth Petrovna, and Catherine...

Anton Bullandt (also known as Antoine or Jean Bullant, 1750-1821), another composer of Czech origin settled in Russia in 1780 wrote a large number of operas with Russian librettos, often within Russian national settings. He was especially famous for his comic opera Sbitenshchik (Сбитеньщик — Sbiten Vendor), comic opera in 3 acts, written to the libretto by Yakov Knyazhnin (remake of Molière's L'école des femmes). The opera was staged 1783 or 1784 in St Petersburg, at the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre, and was played until 1853. Anton Bullandt, also Antoine Bullant (Russian: , born: 1750 in Melník, Bohemia — died: June 25 [OS 13] 1821 St Petersburg) was a Czech musician (bassoon player) and opera composer that worked almost whole his life in Imperial Russia. ... Events March 2 - Small earthquake in London, England April 4 - Small earthquake in Warrington, England August 23 - Small earthquake in Spalding, England September 30 - Small earthquake in Northampton, England November 16 – Westminster Bridge officially opened Jonas Hanway is the first Englishman to use an umbrella James Gray reveals her sex... The coronation banquet for George IV 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1780 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... A libretto is the complete body of words used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, sacred or secular oratorio and cantata, musical, and ballet. ... Comic opera is a subcategory of opera, and denotes a sung dramatic work of a light or comic nature. ... Sbitenshchik and Khodebshchik, a lubok print (19th century) Sbitenshchik (Russian: сбитенщик) was a sbiten vendor (sbiten’ – a hot winter Russian traditional drink) in old Russia. ... Sbiten Boyarsky, label Sbiten, also sbiten (Russian: сбитень, also збитень) is a hot winter Russian traditional drink. ... Comic opera is a subcategory of opera, and denotes a sung dramatic work of a light or comic nature. ... Yakov Knyazhnin Yakov Borisovich Knyazhnin (Russian: Яков Борисович Княжнин, November 3, 1742 or 1740, Pskov – January 1, 1791, St Petersburg) was Russias foremost tragic author during the reign of Catherine the Great. ... Molière, engraved frontispiece to his Works. ... Lécole des femmes (The School for Wives) is a play written by Molière. ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The St. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

There were also extremely popular the operas by Belgian/French André Ernest Modeste Grétry (1741-1813), like L'Amitié à l'épreuve (first staged 1779, Kuskovo theatre) or Les Mariages samnites that was performed during 12 years (since 1885, Kuskovo, Ostankino theatres) with serf-soprano Praskovya Zhemchugova at the private opera of Nikolai Sheremetev.
André Ernest Modeste Grétry (February 8, 1741 – September 24, 1813), a Belgian composer, who worked from 1767 onwards in France. ... // Events April 10 - Austrian army attack troops of Frederick the Great at Mollwitz August 10 - Raja of Travancore defeats Dutch East India Company naval expedition at Battle of Colachel December 19 - Vitus Bering dies in his expedition east of Siberia December 25 - Anders Celsius develops his own thermometer scale Celsius... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... View of Kuskovo in 1839 Kuskovo is an extensive estate, or manor, of the Counts Sheremetev, originally situated several miles to the east of Moscow but now forming a part of the East District of that city. ... View of Kuskovo in 1839 Kuskovo is an extensive estate, or manor, of the Counts Sheremetev, originally situated several miles to the east of Moscow but now forming a part of the East District of that city. ... Nikolai Argunov (1771-c1829): the portrait of Praskovya Ivanovna Zhemchugova-Sheremeteva, 1803 Praskovya Ivanovna Zhemchugova also Kovaleva or Kovalyova, Kovaleva-Zhemchugova, Zhemchugova-Sheremeteva, and Sheremeteva or Sheremetyeva (Прасковья Ивановна Жемчугова, Ковалёва, Шереметева) (July 20, 1768 – February 23, 1803) was a Russian serf actress and soprano opera singer. ... Nikolai Argunov (1771-c1829): Portrait of Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev c1803 Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev (Russian: ) (June 28, 1751 (NS: July 9)–January 2, 1809 (NS: January 14)) was a Russian count, the son of Petr Borisovich Sheremetev, notable grandee of the epoch of empresses Anna Ivanovna, Elizabeth Petrovna, and Catherine...

Russians ^[2]

Two talented young Ukrainians Berezovsky and Bortniansky were sent by Catherine II to Italy to study art of music composition. Maksym Sozontovych Berezovsky (Ukrainian: Максим Созонтович Березовский, circa 1745 to 1777) was a Ukrainian-Russian composer, opera singer and violinist. ... Dmytro Stepanovich Bortniansky (Ukrainian: Дмитро Степанович Бортнянський, or Dmitry Bortnyansky, 1751–1825) was a Ukrainian composer in Imperial Russia. ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... A musical composition is a piece of original music designed for repeated performance (as opposed to strictly improvisational music, in which each performance is unique). ...

Maksym Berezovsky (1745-1777) went to Italy in the spring of 1769 to train with Padre Giovanni Battista Martini at the Bologna Philharmonic Academy, where he graduated with distinction. He wrote an opera seria Demofoonte to the Italian libretto by Pietro Metastasio for the carnival at Livorno (staged February 1773). Maksym Sozontovych Berezovsky (Ukrainian: Максим Созонтович Березовский, circa 1745 to 1777) was a Ukrainian-Russian composer, opera singer and violinist. ... // Events May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg August 19 - Beginning of the 45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan September 12 - Francis I is elected... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Giovanni Battista Martini (April 24, 1706 - August 4, 1784), Italian musician, was born at Bologna. ... Professor Padre Martini Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna (The Philharmonic Academy of Bologna) - is a music education institution in Bologna, Italy. ... Il Demofonte (also: Demofonte, Demofoonte or Demofont) is an opera seria libretto by Pietro Metastasio (1698-1782). ... Pietro Trapassi (January 13, 1698 – April 12, 1782), Italian poet, is better known by his pseudonym of Metastasio. ... Livorno, sometimes in English Leghorn, (population 170,000) is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

Dmytro Bortniansky (1751-1825), a pupil of Hermann Raupach and Baldassare Galuppi, went to Italy following his teacher Galuppi. In Italy, Bortniansky gained considerable success composing operas: Creonte (1776) and Alcide (1778) in Venice, and Quinto Fabio (1779) at Modena. Bortniansky returned to the court at St. Petersburg in 1779 where composed four more operas (all in French, with libretti by Franz-Hermann Lafermière): Le Faucon (1786), Le Fete du Seigneur (1786), Don Carlos (1786), and Le Fils-Rival ou La Moderne Stratonice (1787). Dmytro Stepanovych Bortniansky (Russian: , Ukrainian: also often spelled as Dmitry or Dmitri Bortnyansky, 1751–1825, was a Ukrainian composer. ... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 25 - For the last time, New Years Day is legally on March 25 in England and Wales. ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Hermann Friedrich Raupach (December 21, 1728, Stralsund - December 12, 1778, St Petersburg) was a German composer. ... Baldassare Galuppi (October 18, 1706 - January 3, 1785) was a Venetian composer noted for his operas, and particularly opera buffa. ... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Country Italy Region Veneto Province Venice (VE) Mayor Massimo Cacciari (since April 18, 2005) Elevation m Area 412 km² Population  - Total (as of December 31, 2004) 271,251  - Density 646/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Veneziani Dialing code 041 Postal code 30100 Frazioni Chirignago, Favaro Veneto, Mestre... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Modena (Mòdna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Libretto can also refer to a sub-notebook PC manufactured by Toshiba. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

At the same time in Russia was created a successful one-act opera Anyuta (Chinese Theatre, September 6 [OS August 26] 1772) to the text by Mikhail Popov. Music was a selection of popular songs specified in the libretto. It is a story about a girl called Anyuta, brought up in a peasants’ household, who in fact turned out to be of noble birth, and the story of her love for a nobleman, Victor, eventually ending happily, with wedding bells ringing. The score doesn’t survived and the composer of it is unknown, however, sometimes it was attributed to Vasily Pashkevich or even to Yevstigney Fomin who that time was just 11 year old. Chinese Theatre in Tsarskoe Selo, ca. ... A faded sign advertising Beijing opera. ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... Catherine IIs soldiers in the Russo-Turkish War, by Alexandre Benois. ... Mikhail Vasilyevich Popov (Russian: Михаи́л Васи́льевич Попов, 1742-1790) was a Russian writer, poet, dramatist and opera librettist of the 18th century. ... The view of the Hermitage, St Petersburg: on a CD cover featuring some music by Vasily Pashkevich Vasily Alexeyevich Pashkevich also Paskevich (Russian: ) (c. ... Composer Yevstigney Fomin Yevstigney Ipatyevich Fomin [1] (Russian: Евстигне́й Ипа́тьевич Фоми́н) (born St Petersburg August 16 [O.S. August 5] 1761 – died St. ...

The music of another successful Russian opera Melnik – koldun, obmanshchik i svat (The Miller who was a Wizard, a Cheat and a Match-maker, text by Alexander Ablesimov, Moscow, 1779), on a subject resembling Rousseau’s Devin is attributed to a theatre violin player and conductor Mikhail Sokolovsky (c1756-?). Later the music was revised by Yevstigney Fomin. Alexander Ablesimov Aleksander Onisimovich Ablesimov, (Russian: Александр Онисимович Аблесимов, born September 9 [OS August 28] 1742 Galichsky district, Kostroma; died 1783) was a Russian opera librettist, poet, dramatist, satirist and journalist. ... Rousseau is a French surname. ... Devin can refer to: a poet or rogue (Gaelic) the town of Devin, Bulgaria a castle and city part in Bratislava, Slovakia a rapper, see Devin the Dude a pornstar, also known as Devon Slovenian name of Duino an American army officer, Thomas Devin A boat/hotel building company owned... Mikhail Matveyevich Sokolovsky (Russian: Михаи́л Матве́евич Соколо́вский, born 1756, died –date unknown) was a Russian opera composer, conductor and violinist of the second half of the 18th century. ... Composer Yevstigney Fomin Yevstigney Ipatyevich Fomin [1] (Russian: Евстигне́й Ипа́тьевич Фоми́н) (born St Petersburg August 16 [O.S. August 5] 1761 – died St. ...

Vasily Pashkevich (1742-1797), a Russian composer of Polish extraction was famous for his comic opera The Miser. Its roles are: Scriagin, Liubima’s guardian; Liubima, his niece; Milovid, her beloved; Marfa, the servant girl that Scriagin is in love with; Prolaz, Milovid’s manservant who is in Scriagin’s service. Accordingly the speech and the names of the characters of Molière's comedy were turned into Russian as well as the music that combines some features of European form with typically Russian melodies. Another his opera Fevey was written to the libretto by Catherine II. Other operas are: The Carriage Accident (Neschastye ot karety, 1779 St. Petersburg, Karl Kniper Theatre, St Petersburg Bazaar (Sankt Peterburgskiy Gostinyi Dvor, 1782 St. Petersburg), Kniper Theatre, The Burden Is Not Heavy if It Is Yours (Svoya nosha ne tyanet, 1794), The Early Reign of Oleg (Nachal'noye upravleniye Olega, libretto by Catherine II, 1790 St. Petersburg)– together with Giuseppe Sarti and C. Cannobio), Fedul and His Children (Fedul s det'mi, libretto by Catherine II, 1791 St. Petersburg) – together with Martin y Soler), The Pasha of Tunis (Pasha tunisskiy, 1782 libretto by Mikhail Matinsky) and You Shall Be Judged As You Lived (Kak pozhivyosh', tak i proslyvyosh 1792 St. Petersburg) — rev. of St Petersburg Bazaar. The view of the Hermitage, St Petersburg: on a CD cover featuring some music by Vasily Pashkevich Vasily Alexeyevich Pashkevich also Paskevich (Russian: ) (c. ... // Events January 24 - Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ... 1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Molière, engraved frontispiece to his Works. ... The view of the Hermitage, St Petersburg: on a CD cover featuring some fragments from the opera Fevey by Vasily Pashkevich Fevey is an opera by Vasily Pashkevich to a Russian libretto by Catherine II of Russia. ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Knipper Theatre, Kniper Theatre or Knieper Theatre (Russian: Театр Карла Книпера) was the venue of a German theatrical troupe led by Karl Kniper which performed in Saint Petersburg beginning in 1777. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Knipper Theatre, Kniper Theatre or Knieper Theatre (Russian: Театр Карла Книпера) was the venue of a German theatrical troupe led by Karl Kniper which performed in Saint Petersburg beginning in 1777. ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Giuseppe Sarti (December 28, 1729 - July 28, 1802), was an Italian composer. ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Vicente Martin y Soler Vicente Martín y Soler (May 2, 1754 - January 30, 1806) was a Valencian composer of opera and ballet. ... Mikhail Alexeyevich Matinsky (Russian: Михаил Алексеевич Матинский, 1750 Pokrovsk – c1820 St Petersburg) was a Russian scientist, dramatist, librettist and opera composer. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Italian-trained Yevstigney Fomin (1761-1800) composed about 30 operas including the most successful opera-melodrama Orfey i Evridika to the text by Yakov Knyazhnin. Among his other operas are: The Novgorod Hero Boyeslayevich (Novgorodskiy bogatyr’ Boyeslayevich, text by Catherine II, 1786 St Petersburg), The Coachmen at the Relay Station (Yamshchiki na podstave 1787 St Petersburg), Soirées (Vecherinki, ili Gaday, gaday devitsa, 1788 St Petersburg), Magician, Fortune-teller and Match-maker (Koldun, vorozheya i svakha 1789 St Petersburg), The Miller who was a Wizard, a Cheat and a Match-maker (Melnik - koldun, obmanshchik i svat, 1779 Moscow, originally: Mikhail Sokolovsky), The Americans (Amerikantsy, comic opera, 1800 St Petersburg), Chloris and Milo (Klorida i Milon, 1800 St Petersburg), and The Golden Apple (Zolotoye yabloko, 1803 St Petersburg) Composer Yevstigney Fomin Yevstigney Ipatyevich Fomin [1] (Russian: Евстигне́й Ипа́тьевич Фоми́н) (born St Petersburg August 16 [O.S. August 5] 1761 – died St. ... 1761 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1800 (MDCCC) was an common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Yakov Knyazhnin Yakov Borisovich Knyazhnin (Russian: Яков Борисович Княжнин, November 3, 1742 or 1740, Pskov – January 1, 1791, St Petersburg) was Russias foremost tragic author during the reign of Catherine the Great. ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Mikhail Matveyevich Sokolovsky (Russian: Михаи́л Матве́евич Соколо́вский, born 1756, died –date unknown) was a Russian opera composer, conductor and violinist of the second half of the 18th century. ... 1800 (MDCCC) was an common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1800 (MDCCC) was an common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Notes

19th century

Mikhail Glinka

Feodor Chaliapin as Ivan Susanin in Glinka's A Life for the Tsar

Alexander Dargomyzhsky

The 19th century was the golden age of Russian opera. It began with a success of a massive and slowly developing operatic project: the opera Lesta, dneprovskaya rusalka and its three sequels (1803-1807, first in St Petersburg) based on the German romantic-comic piece Das Donauweibchen by Ferdinand Kauer (1751-1831) with the Russian text and additional music by Russianized Venetian immigrant Catterino Cavos (1775-1840) and Stepan Davydov (1777-1825). Mikhail Glinka, from March 1913 The Etude This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... Mikhail Glinka, from March 1913 The Etude This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (407x601, 38 KB) Summary Feodor_Chaliapin_as_Ivan_Susanin. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (407x601, 38 KB) Summary Feodor_Chaliapin_as_Ivan_Susanin. ... The Russian opera singer Feodor Ivanovich Chaliapin () (February 13 (February 1, Old Style), 1873–April 12, 1938) was the most famous bass in the first half of the 20th century. ... Ivan Susanin (15?? - 1613) was a Russian folk hero and martyr of the early 17th centurys Time of Troubles. ... Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Михаи́л Ива́нович Гли́нка) (June 1, 1804 – February 15, 1857) was a Russian composer. ... A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Žizn’ za carâ) is a patriotic-heroic tragic opera in five acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. ... Image File history File links Alexander_Dargomyzhsky. ... Image File history File links Alexander_Dargomyzhsky. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Golden Age by Pietro da Cortona. ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Ferdinand August Kauer (January 18, 1751, Klein-Thaya or Dyákovice, Moravia – April 13, 1831, Vienna) was an Austrian composer and pianist. ... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 25 - For the last time, New Years Day is legally on March 25 in England and Wales. ... Leopold I 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Catterino Cavos Catterino Albertovich Cavos also Catarino Camillo Cavos or Katerino Albertovič Kavos (Russian: Катери́но Альбе́ртович Каво́с, born: October 30, 1775, Venice, Italy – died: May 10 (OS April 28), 1840 St Petersburg, Russia) was an Italian composer, organist and conductor settled in Russia. ... 1775 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Stepan Ivanovich Davydov (Russian: Степа́н Ива́нович Давы́дов, born: January 12 [OS January 1] 1777, Chernigov – died: May 21 [OS May 9] 1825 Moscow) was a Russian composer and singer. ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

The next success was a patriotic opera Ivan Susanin (1815) by Cavos based on an episode from Russian history. The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Catterino Cavos Catterino Albertovich Cavos also Catarino Camillo Cavos or Katerino Albertovič Kavos (Russian: Катери́но Альбе́ртович Каво́с, born: October 30, 1775, Venice, Italy – died: May 10 (OS April 28), 1840 St Petersburg, Russia) was an Italian composer, organist and conductor settled in Russia. ... The history of Russia is essentially that of its many nationalities, each with a separate history and complex origins. ...

This success was continued with the brilliant operatic career of Alexey Verstovsky (1799-1862), who composed more 30 opera-vaudevilles and 6 grand-operas including Askold's Grave (Askoldova mogila, first performed in 1835) that received about 200 performances in St Petersburg and 400 in Moscow only for the first 25 years. Portrait of 20-years old Alexey Verstovsky at the piano with the score of his first successful vaudevilleGrandmothers Parrots (1819) Alexey Nikolayevich Verstovsky (Russian: Алексéй Николáевич Верстóвский) (born Seliverstovo Estate, Kozlovsky district, Tambov’s region March 1 [O.S. February 18] 1799 – died Moscow, February 17 [O.S. February 5] 1862) was... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The title page of the 1963 edition of the vocal score of the opera Askolds Grave Askold’s Grave (also: Askolds Tomb, Russian: Аскольдова могила – Askol’dova mogila) is an opera in 4 acts by Alexey Verstovsky (1799-1862) to a libretto by Mikhail Zagoskin (1789-1852). ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ...

However the most important events in the history of Russian opera were two great operas by Mikhail Glinka (1804-1857) A Life for the Tsar, (Zhizn za tzarya, originally entitled Ivan Susanin 1836) and Ruslan and Lyudmila (based on the tale by Alexander Pushkin, 1842. These two works inaugurated a new era in Russian music and upraise or Russian national opera. Mikhail Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Russian: Mihail Ivanovič Glinka) (June 1 [O.S. May 20] 1804 - February 15 [O.S. February 3] 1857), was the first Russian composer to gain wide recognition inside his own country, and is often regarded as the father of Russian classical music. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Žizn’ za carâ) is a patriotic-heroic tragic opera in five acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. ... Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Ruslan and Lyudmila (Руслан и Людмила in Russian, Ruslan i Lyudmila in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Mikhail Glinka to a Russian libretto by Valerian Fyodorovich Shirkov and Nestor Kukolnik, based on a poem by Aleksandr Pushkin. ... Aleksandr Pushkin was a Russian poet and a founder of modern Russian literature Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин) (June 6 (May 26, O.S.), 1799 - February 10 (January 29, O.S.), 1837), Russian author, whom many consider the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Russia is a large and extremely culturally diverse country, with dozens of ethnic groups, each with their own forms of folk music. ...

Since these, opera became a leading genre for the most of Russian composers. Glinka was followed by Alexander Dargomyzhsky (1813-1869) with his Rusalka (1856) and revolutionary The Stone Guest (Kamenny gost, completed by Rimsky-Korsakov and premiered in 1872). Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomyzhsky Александр Сергеевич Даргомыжский (February 14, 1813–May 17, 1869) was a 19th century Russian composer. ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Rusalka may refer to: Rusalkas, Slavic water nymphs. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Stone Guest is a poetic drama by Aleksandr Pushkin based on the Spanish legend of Don Juan. ... Portrait of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov by Valentin Serov (1898) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov), also Nikolay, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 6/18, 1844 – June 8/21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of harmony and orchestration. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Other composers were:

• Semen Hulak-Artemovsky (1813-1873) with his 3 operas including Zaporozhets za Dunayem (1863);
• Alexander Serov (1820-1871) with his Judith (1863) Rogneda (1865) The Power of the Fiend (Vrazhya sila, 1871);
• Anton Rubinstein (1829-1894) with his 19 operas including Demon (1875 St Petersburg);
• César Cui (1835-1918), with his 14 operas including William Ratcliff (1861-1868);
• Eduard Nápravník (1839-1916), with his 4 operas including Dubrovsky (1895);
• Sergei Taneyev (1856-1915), with Oresteia, (1895, St Petersburg);
• Anton Arensky (1861-1906), with his 3 operas including A Dream on the Volga (1880).

Modest Mussorgsky

Pyotr Tchaikovsky

Alexander Borodin

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

Russian opera reached its apogee with the works by Modest Mussorgsky and his antipode Pyotr Tchaikovsky. Semen Hulak-Artemovsky Semen Stepanovich Hulak-Artemovsky (Ukrainian: , also referred to as Semyon Gulak Artemovsky) (February 16 [O.S. February 4] 1813 - April 17 [O.S. April 5] 1873), was an Ukrainian opera composer, singer (baritone), actor, and dramatist who lived and worked in Imperial Russia. ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The scene from the opera Zaporozhets za Dunayem, 1942, Shevchenko Theatre of Opera and Ballet Zaporozhets za Dunayem (Ukrainian: , translated as A Zaporozhian (Kozak) Beyond the Danube, also referred to as Cossacks in Exile) is a Ukrainian comic opera in three acts with music and libretto by the composer Semen... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Composer Alexander Serov by Valentin Serov, 1887-1888 Alexander Nikolayevich Serov (Александр Николаевич Серов in Cyrillic; Aleksandr Nikolaevič Serov in transliteration) (11/23 Jan. ... 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Judith with the Head of Holophernes, by Christophano Allori, 1613 (Pitti Palace, Florence The Book of Judith is a parable, or perhaps the first historical novel according to Jewish authorities, who do not place it among the writings of the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Vladimir and Rogneda (1770). ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Power of the Fiend (Вражья сила in Cyrillic, Vražja sila in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Alexander Serov, composed during 1867-1871. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Rubinsteins portrait by Ilya Repin. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... St. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... César Antonovitch Cui (Russian: Цезарь Антонович Кюи) (January 6/18, 1835 – March 13, 1918) was a Russian composer and music critic of French and Lithuanian descent. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... William Ratcliff (Вилльям Ратклифф or Вильям Ратклиф in Cyrillic; Villjam Ratkliff or Viljam Ratklif in transliteration) is an opera in three acts, composed by César... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Eduard Frantsovitch Nápravník (24 August 1839, Býšť, Bohemia - 23 November 1916) was Czech/Russian conductor and composer. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Leonid Sobinov as Vladimir Dubrovsky, Moscow Dubrovsky (Russian: Дубровский) is an opera in four acts (5 scenes) Op. ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Sergey I. Taneev. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Oresteia is a trilogy of tragedies about the end of the curse on the House of Atreus, written by Aeschylus. ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Anton Stepanovich Arensky (July 12, 1861 – February 25, 1906), was a Russian Romantic composer and music professor born in Novgorod, Russia. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Image File history File links Modest_Petrovich_Musorgskii. ... Image File history File links Modest_Petrovich_Musorgskii. ... Image File history File links Der_junge_Tschaikowski. ... Image File history File links Der_junge_Tschaikowski. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x943, 131 KB) Summary Portrait of Alexander Borodin. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x943, 131 KB) Summary Portrait of Alexander Borodin. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1700, 227 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1700, 227 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ... Modest Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (more accurately spelled Musorgsky) (Russian: , Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, French: ) (March 9/21, 1839 – March 16/28, 1881), one of the Russian composers known as the Five, was an innovator of Russian music. ... A young Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1874) Tchaikovsky redirects here. ...

Modest Mussorgsky's (1839-1881) Boris Godunov, despite what many consider to be serious technical faults and a bewildering array of versions from which to choose (Original Version of 1869, Revised Version of 1872, Rimsky-Korsakov Edition of 1908, Shostakovich Edition of 1940, etc.) remains the number one masterpiece of the whole list of Russian operas. His other operas Salammbô (1866), Zhenit'ba (The Marriage, 1868), Khovanshchina (1872-81) and Sorochintsy Fair (1874-1881) were left unfinished. Modest Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (more accurately spelled Musorgsky) (Russian: , Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, French: ) (March 9/21, 1839 – March 16/28, 1881), one of the Russian composers known as the Five, was an innovator of Russian music. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Modest Mussorgsky in 1870 Boris Godunov (Russian: , Borís Godunóv) is an opera by Modest Mussorgsky. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: Никола́й Андре́евич Ри́мский-Ко́рсаков), also Nikolai, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 18, 1844 – June 21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of classical music particularly noted for his fine orchestration, which may have been influenced by his synaesthesia. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шостакович) (September 25, 1906 – August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ... Modest Musorgsky Salammbô (The Libyan) – Russian:Саламбо (Ливиец) – is an unfinished opera in 4 acts by the Russian composer Modest Mussorgsky, to his own libretto based on the novel of the same title by Gustave Flaubert (1862), as well as poems by Alexander Polezhayev, Apollon Maikov and Vasily Zhukovsky. ... Modest Mussorgsky in 1870 Zhenitba (Russian: , Zhenitba, The Marriage) is an unfinished opera begun in 1868 by Modest Mussorgsky to his own libretto based on Nikolai Gogols comedy (1842). ... Modest Mussorgsky in 1876 Khovanshchina (Russian: , Hovánščina, sometimes rendered The Khovansky Affair) is an opera in five acts by Modest Mussorgsky to a Russian libretto by Vladimir Stasov, based on the events of the Moscow Uprising of 1682. ... The Fair at Sorochintsï (Сорочинская ярмарка in Cyrillic, Sorochinskaya yarmarka in transliteration) is an opera (in three acts) begun by Modest Mussorgsky. ...

Pyotr Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) completed ten operas including the most famous Eugene Onegin (Yevgeny Onegin), 1877–1878, 1879 Moscow and The Queen of Spades (Pikovaya dama), 1890, 1890 St Petersburg that now belong to the world's standard repertoire. His other operas are: Voyevoda (The Voivode), 1867–1868, destroyed by the composer, but posthumously reconstructed, Undina (or Undine), 1869, not completed, partly destroyed by the composer, The Oprichnik, 1870 – 1872, 1874 St Petersburg, Vakula the Smith (Kuznets Vakula), 1874, 1876 St Petersburg, The Maid of Orleans (Orleanskaya deva), 1878–1879, 1881 St Petersburg, Mazepa 1881 – 1883, 1884 Moscow, Cherevichki (rev. of Vakula the Smith) 1885, 1887 Moscow, The Enchantress (also The Sorceress or Charodeyka), 1885–1887, 1887 St Petersburg, and Iolanta (Iolanthe), 1891, 1892 St Petersburg A young Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1874) Tchaikovsky redirects here. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Eugene Onegin (Евгений Онегин in Russian, Yevgeny Onegin in transliteration) is an opera in three acts by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by Konstantin Shilovsky and the composer, based on the novel of the same name by Aleksandr Pushkin. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The Queen of Spades (Пиковая дама in Russian, Pikovaya dama in transliteration) is an opera in three acts by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by the composers brother Modest Tchaikovsky, based on a short story by the poet Aleksandr Pushkin. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... This page lists famous operas arranged by composer. ... The cover of P. Yurgensons edition of 4-hand transcription of the Overture to Voyevoda Voyevoda or Voevoda (Russian: Воевода – The Voivode) is an opera in 3 acts and 4 scenes, Op. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... For disambiguation see Undine Undina (also Undine or Ondine_ (Russian: Ундина) is an opera in 3 acts ( composed in 1869) by Pyotr Tchaikovsky to the Russian libretto by Vladimir Sollogub, after Vasily Zhukovskys translation of Friedrich de la Motte-Fouqués Ondine. // Creation and performance history The opera was composed... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... The Oprichnik or The Guardsman (Russian: Опричник – Oprichnik) is an opera in 4 acts and 5 scenes by Pyotr Tchaikovsky (1840 - 1893) to his own libretto after the tragedy The Oprichniks (Russian: Опричники) by Ivan Lazhechnikov (1792 – 1869). ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Vakula the Smith, the cover of a printed score Vakula the Smith (Russian: Кузнец Вакула – Kuznets Vakula) is an opera in 3 acts and 8 scenes, Op. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The Maid of Orleans (Orleanskaya deva in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Pyotr Tchaikovsky to a libretto by the composer, based on several sources: Friedrich von Schiller’s Die Jungfrau von Orleans (The Young Woman from Orleans) translated by Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky; Jules Barbier’s Jeanne d... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Mazeppa, also Mazepa (Russian: ) is an opera in three acts (six scenes) by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by Victor Burenin, based on Pushkins poem Poltava. ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Cherevichki (The Slippers) also known as The Empresss Slippers, or The Little Shoes (Russian: Черевички, French: Les caprices dOxane) is an opera in 4 acts and 8 scenes (1885) by Peter Tchaikovsky. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The Enchantress, also The Sorceress or Charodeyka (Russian: Чароде ́йка) is an opera in 4 acts (1885-87) by Pyotr Tchaikovsky. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Iolanthe (Iolanta in transliteration) in an opera in one act by Pyotr Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by the composers brother Modest Tchaikovsky, based the Danish play Kong Renés Datter (King René’s Daughter) by Henrik Hertz. ... 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Not less important was Alezander Borodin’s (1833-1887) Prince Igor - (Knyaz Igor, completed by Rimsky-Korsakov and Alexander Glazunov, 1890). Portrait of Borodin Alexander Porfirevich Borodin (Александр Порфирьевич Бородин in Cyrillic, Aleksandr Porfirevič Borodin in transliteration) (31 Oct. ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Prince Igor (Князь Игорь in Russian, Knyaz Igor in transliteration) is an opera in a prologue and four acts by Alexander Borodin to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the East Slavic epic The Tale of Igors Campaign. ... Portrait of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov by Valentin Serov (1898) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov), also Nikolay, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 6/18, 1844 – June 8/21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of harmony and orchestration. ... Alexander Konstantinovich Glazounov (or Glazunov or Glazunow) (August 10, 1865 – March 21, 1936) was a major Russian composer, as well as an influential music teacher. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ...

Prolific Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908) completed fifteen operas, the most significant achievements of the art of opera in Russia at the end of the century. The most notable of them are: May Night (Majskaja noch) 1878-1879, The Snow Maiden (Snegurochka 1881 1st version, premiered 1882, St Petersburg; c1895 2nd version), Sadko (1896, premiered 1898, Moscow), The Tsar's Bride (Tsarskaya nevesta1898, premiered 1899, Moscow), The Tale of Tsar Saltan (Skazka o tsare Saltane, premiered 1900, Moscow), Kashchey the Immortal (Kashchey bessmertny, 1902), The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevroniya (Skazanie o nevidimom grade Kitezhe i deve Fevronii, 1904), and The Golden Cockerel (Zolotoy petushok, 1907). The last three of them already belong to the 20th century Russian opera. Portrait of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov by Valentin Serov (1898) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov), also Nikolay, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 6/18, 1844 – June 8/21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of harmony and orchestration. ... 1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... May Night (Mayskaya noch in transliteration) is an opera in three acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to Russian libretto by the composer, based on Nikolay Gogol’s story Mayskaya noch, ili Utoplennitsa (May Night, or The Drowned Maiden) from his collection Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Snow Maiden (дипломник in Russian, Snegurochka in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the play by Alexandr Ostrovsky. ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Sadko in the Underwater Kingdom, a painting by Ilya Repin (1876) Sadko (Садко in Russian) is an opera by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The Tsars Bride (Tsarskaya nevesta in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to a Russian libretto by Il’ya Tyumenev, based on the drama by Lev Mey. ... 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The Tale of Tsar Saltan is a 1831 poem by Aleksandr Pushkin, written after the Russian fairy tale edited by Vladimir Dahl. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Ivan Bilibin: Koshchey the Deathless Kashchey the Immortal (Russian: Кащей бессмертный – Kashchei bessmertnyi) is a one-act opera (styled a little autumnal fairy tale) by Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov to his own libretto. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevroniya (Skazaniye o nevidimom grade Kitezhe i deve Fevronii in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to a Russian libretto by Vladimir Belsky, based on folks tales. ... The Golden Cockerel (Золотой Петушок in Russian, Zolotoy Petuschok in transliteration) is an opera in three acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to a Russian libretto by Vladimir Ivanovich Belsky, based on the 1834 poem by Pushkin. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...

There were built a lot of new opera theatres including Bolshoi Theatre (opened since 1825 Moscow), and Mariinsky Theatre, opened since 1860 St Petersburg). Bolshoi Theatre The Bolshoi Theatre is a theatre and opera company in Moscow, Russia, which gives performances of ballet, opera, and plays. ... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The Maryinsky (or Mariinsky) Theatre (or Theater), is the St Petersburg theatre where the Mariinsky Ballet is located. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

The history of 19th century Russian opera could be observed in the selected list of premieres at the St Petersburg theatres:
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre The St. ...

• 1835 – Askold's Grave
• 1836 – A Life for the Tsar
• 1842 – Ruslan and Lyudmila
  
• 1956 – Rusalka
  

Mariinsky Theatre (since 1860) | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The title page of the 1963 edition of the vocal score of the opera Askolds Grave Askold’s Grave (also: Askolds Tomb, Russian: Аскольдова могила – Askol’dova mogila) is an opera in 4 acts by Alexey Verstovsky (1799-1862) to a libretto by Mikhail Zagoskin (1789-1852). ... Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Žizn’ za carâ) is a patriotic-heroic tragic opera in five acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Ruslan and Lyudmila (Руслан и Людмила in Russian, Ruslan i Lyudmila in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Mikhail Glinka to a Russian libretto by Valerian Fyodorovich Shirkov and Nestor Kukolnik, based on a poem by Aleksandr Pushkin. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Rusalka may refer to: Rusalkas, Slavic water nymphs. ... The Maryinsky (or Mariinsky) Theatre (or Theater), is the St Petersburg theatre where the Mariinsky Ballet is located. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ...

• 1863 – Judith
• 1865 – Rogneda
• 1871 – The Power of the Fiend (Vrazya sila)
• 1872 – The Stone Guest
• 1874 – Boris Godunov
• 1874 – The Oprichnik
• 1875 – Demon
• 1876 – Vakula the Smith
• 1881 – The Maid of Orleans
• 1882 – The Snow Maiden
• 1886 – Khovanshchina
• 1886 – Prince Igor
• 1887 – The Enchantress (Charodeyka)
• 1890 – The Queen of Spades

Mamontov's Private Russian Opera established in 1885. Savva Mamontov discovered talent of Chaliapin, commissioned designs from Mikhail Vrubel, Konstantin Korovin, Natalia Goncharova and Ivan Bilibin, staged the late operas by Rimsky Korsakov. 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Judith with the Head of Holophernes, by Christophano Allori, 1613 (Pitti Palace, Florence The Book of Judith is a parable, or perhaps the first historical novel according to Jewish authorities, who do not place it among the writings of the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Vladimir and Rogneda (1770). ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Power of the Fiend (Вражья сила in Cyrillic, Vražja sila in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Alexander Serov, composed during 1867-1871. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... The Stone Guest is a poetic drama by Aleksandr Pushkin based on the Spanish legend of Don Juan. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Modest Mussorgsky in 1870 Boris Godunov (Russian: , Borís Godunóv) is an opera by Modest Mussorgsky. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Oprichnik or The Guardsman (Russian: Опричник – Oprichnik) is an opera in 4 acts and 5 scenes by Pyotr Tchaikovsky (1840 - 1893) to his own libretto after the tragedy The Oprichniks (Russian: Опричники) by Ivan Lazhechnikov (1792 – 1869). ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... St. ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Vakula the Smith, the cover of a printed score Vakula the Smith (Russian: Кузнец Вакула – Kuznets Vakula) is an opera in 3 acts and 8 scenes, Op. ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Maid of Orleans (Orleanskaya deva in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Pyotr Tchaikovsky to a libretto by the composer, based on several sources: Friedrich von Schiller’s Die Jungfrau von Orleans (The Young Woman from Orleans) translated by Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky; Jules Barbier’s Jeanne d... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... The Snow Maiden (дипломник in Russian, Snegurochka in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the play by Alexandr Ostrovsky. ... 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... Modest Mussorgsky in 1876 Khovanshchina (Russian: , Hovánščina, sometimes rendered The Khovansky Affair) is an opera in five acts by Modest Mussorgsky to a Russian libretto by Vladimir Stasov, based on the events of the Moscow Uprising of 1682. ... 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... Prince Igor (Князь Игорь in Russian, Knyaz Igor in transliteration) is an opera in a prologue and four acts by Alexander Borodin to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the East Slavic epic The Tale of Igors Campaign. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... The Enchantress, also The Sorceress or Charodeyka (Russian: Чароде ́йка) is an opera in 4 acts (1885-87) by Pyotr Tchaikovsky. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... The Queen of Spades (Пиковая дама in Russian, Pikovaya dama in transliteration) is an opera in three acts by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to a Russian libretto by the composers brother Modest Tchaikovsky, based on a short story by the poet Aleksandr Pushkin. ... The Private Opera (Russian: Частная Опера), also known as: The Russian Private Opera (Русская Частная Опера); Moscow Private Russian Opera, (Московская Частная Русская Опера); Mamontovs Private Russian Opera in Moscow (Мамонтова Частная Русская Опера в Москве); Korotkovs Theatre (Театр Кроткова, 1885-1888); Vinters Theatre (Театр Винтера, 1896-1899); Private Opera Society (Товарищество Частной Оперы, 1899-1904); and Solodovnikov Theatre (Театр Солодовникова, from 1895; later used by Zimin opera, Moscow Operetta, and... Mikhail Vrubel: Portrait of Savva Mamontov (1897). ... The Russian opera singer Feodor Ivanovich Chaliapin () (February 13 (February 1, Old Style), 1873–April 12, 1938) was the most famous bass in the first half of the 20th century. ... Self-portrait, 1885 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel (Russian: Михаил Александрович Врубель;March 17, 1856 - April 14, 1910, all n. ... Konstantin Alekseyevich Korovin (Russian: Константин Алексеевич Коровин) (November 23 (N.S. December 5), 1861, Moscow - September 11, 1939, Paris) was a Russian painter. ... Self Portrait with Yellow Lilies. ... Ivan Ya. ... Portrait of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov by Valentin Serov (1898) Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov), also Nikolay, Nicolai, and Rimsky-Korsakoff, (March 6/18, 1844 – June 8/21, 1908) was a Russian composer and teacher of harmony and orchestration. ...

Opera spread to the provincial centres of Kiev (1867), Odessa (1887) and Kharkiv (1880).
Location Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Kharkiv highlighted. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

20th century

Igor Stravinsky

Sergei Rachmaninov

Sergei Prokofiev

Dmitri Shostakovich

The political collisions of 20th century divided Russian opera composers into those who managed to escape to the West, successfully or not, and those who continued to live in not particular friendly atmosphere of the Soviet and Post-Soviet regimes. And nevertheless, the process of producing of new operas was not diminished, but just opposite, it was immensely grown. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (460x622, 54 KB) Source Esta imagen es una copia, la original se encuentra en http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (460x622, 54 KB) Source Esta imagen es una copia, la original se encuentra en http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (575x696, 37 KB)Konstantin Somov (1869-1939). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (575x696, 37 KB)Konstantin Somov (1869-1939). ... sergei prokofiev (uncopyrighted, from portuguese website) The copyright status of this work is difficult or impossible to determine. ... sergei prokofiev (uncopyrighted, from portuguese website) The copyright status of this work is difficult or impossible to determine. ... Image File history File links Shostakovichportraitphoto. ... Image File history File links Shostakovichportraitphoto. ...

Zimin Opera established in 1904, Sergei Diaghilev's Saisons Russes began in Paris in 1913. The Zimin Opera was founded by the Russian entrepreneur Sergei Zimin in Moscow, Russia in 1903. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Diaghilev in 1909, by Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (Russian: ; also referred to as Serge) (March 19, 1872 – August 19, 1929) was a Russian art critic, patron, ballet impresario and founder of the Ballets Russes from which many famous dancers and choreographers would later arise. ... Léon Bakst: Firebird, Ballerina, 1910 The Ballets Russes was a ballet company established in 1909 by the Russian impresario Serge Diaghilev and resident first in Paris and then in Monte Carlo. ... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

Vladimir Rebikov (1866-1920) composer of more than 10 operas is best of all known for his opera The Christmas Tree (Yolka, 1894-1902) in which he presented his ideas of “melo-mimics” and “rhythm-declamation” (see melodeclamation). Vladimir Rebikov Vladimir Ivanovich Rebikov also Rebikoff (Russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Ре́биков, born May 31 [OS May 19]1866 - Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, Russia — died October 1, 1920 - Yalta, Crimea, Russia) was a late romantic 20th century Russian composer and pianist. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Melodeclamation (from Greek “melos” = song, and Latin “declamatio” = declamation) is a music genre, kind of a concert piece using the principles of melodrama, a kind of extended technique, a type of rhythmic vocal writing that bears a resemblance to Sprechstimme. ...

Sergei Rachmaninov (1873-1943) completed three operas Aleko (1892, staged 1893), and The Miserly Knight (Skupoy Rytsar Op. 24, 1904) Franchesca da Rimini (Op. 25, 1904, staged 1906). All three operas were staged at the Bolshoi Theatre He began and never finished the fourth Monna Vanna (1907, 1st act in a vocal score) after Maurice Maeterlinck who refused to give permission to the composer for using of his text. These operas, written on the border between two centuries, rather belong to the world of the romantic opera of the past. Escaping Russia in 1917 Rachmaninov had never returned to the operatic projects again. Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff (Russian: , Sergej Vasilevič Rahmaninov, April 1, 1873 (N.S.) or March 20, 1873 (O.S.) – March 28, 1943) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor. ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Aleko is an opera by Sergei Rachmaninoff. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Miserly Knight (Skupoy rïtsar’ in transliteration) is an opera in one act by Sergei Rachmaninoff to a Russian libretto by Alexander Pushkin, based his drama. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Francesca da Rimini, (Russian: Франческа да Римини) Op. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Monna Vanna (Russian:Монна Ванна) is an unfinished opera by Sergei Rachmaninov (1873-1943) after Maurice Maeterlinck. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Maeterlinck, Belgian author Count Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Maeterlinck (August 29, 1862 - May 6, 1949) was a Belgian poet, playwright, and essayist. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ...

Unlike him Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) had been returning to this genre again and again, full of fresh and innovative ideas. Sometimes it is difficult to qualify these works as pure operas but rather "opera-ballets", "opera-cantatas", or "music theatre". Here is the list: Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (Russian: И́горь Фёдорович Страви́нский Igor Fjodorovič Stravinskij) (June 17, 1882 – April 6, 1971) was a Russian-born composer of modern classical music. ... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ...

• Le rossignol' (The Nightingale) (1914)
• Renard, burlesque for 4 Pantomimes and Chamber Orchestra (1916) opera-ballet
• Histoire du Soldat for chamber group and three speakers (1918), narration with music
• Mavra (1922)
• Oedipus rex (1927)
• Perséphone for speaker, soloists, chorus and orchestra (1933)
• Babel (1944)
• The Rake's Progress (1951)
• The Flood (1962)

Sergei Prokofiev’s (1891-1953) operas are full of humour, smartness, and novelty. Here is he list of his completed operas: 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Michail Larionov: The sketch of the costume of Renard in the nuns black gown for the 1922 performance Renard, Histoire burlesque chantée et jouée (The Fox: burlesque tale sung and played) is a one-act chamber opera-ballet by Igor Stravinsky, written in 1916. ... Photo of the Burlesque Troupe, Chitty Chitty, Bang Bang Burlesque was originally a form of art that mocked by imitation, referring to everything from comic sketches to dance routines and usually lampooning the social attitudes of the upper classes. ... It has been suggested that The British Pantomime be merged into this article or section. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Histoire du soldat (sometimes written Lhistoire du soldat; translated as The Soldiers Tale or A Soldiers Tale) is a 1918 theatrical work to be read, played, and danced (lue, jouée et dansée) set to music by Igor Stravinsky. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Mavra is a one-act opera buffa composed by Igor Stravinsky. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Other musical works on the same subject include Oedipus Rex by Tom Lehrer, and Oedipus Tex by P. D. Q. Bach. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Babel () is the name used in the Hebrew Bible for the city of Babylon, notable as the location of the Tower of Babel. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... The Rakes Progress is an English opera in three acts and an epilogue by Igor Stravinsky. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... Sergei Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Russian: , Sergej Sergejevič Prokof’ev; 15/April 271, 1891–March 5, 1953) was a Ukrainian-born Russian composer who mastered numerous musical genres and came to be admired as one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. ... 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ...

• Maddalena, (1911-1913)
• The Gambler (1915-1916, rev. 1927)
• The Love for Three Oranges (1919)
• The Fiery Angel(1919-1927)
• Semyon Kotko (1939)
• Betrothal in a Monastery (1940-1941)
• War and Peace (1941-1952)
• The Story of a Real Man, Op. 117 (1947-1948)

Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975) was another great opera composer struggling all his life in the clutch of the communist ideology. His satirical opera The Nose, after the completely absurd story by Gogol was criticized in 1929 by RAPM as "formalist". His second opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District performed in 1934 with an enormous success was condemned by the authorities even more harshly. This forced him to recompose it much later, in 1962, as Katerina Izmailova in a style more simplified and conventional to meet the requirements of the new rulers of the regime. Shostakovich was involved in many more operatic projects. 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Gambler (Igrok in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Sergei Prokofiev to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the story of the same name by Fyodor Dostoyevsky. ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Love for Three Oranges (Любовь к трем апельсинам in Russian, Lyubov k Tryom Apelsinam in transliteration) is an opera by Sergei Prokofiev to a libretto based on the play Lamore delle tre melarance by Carlo Gozzi. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Fiery Angel (Ognennïy angel in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Sergei Prokofiev to a Russian libretto by the composer, based on the novel by Valery Bryusov. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Semyon Kotko (Семён Котко in Russian) is an opera in five acts by Sergei Prokofiev to a libretto by Sergei Prokofiev and Valentin Katayev based on Valentin Katayevs 1937 novel I Am The Son Of Working People. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Betrothal in a Monastery (Obrucheniye v monastïrein in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by Sergei Prokofiev to a Russian libretto by the composer and his second wife Mira Mendelson, based on Richard Brinsley Sheridan’s comic opera libretto The Duenna. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... War and Peace (Война и мир in Russian, Voyna i mir in transliteration) is an opera in five acts by Sergei Prokofiev to a Russian libretto by the composer and his second common-law wife Mira Mendelson, based on the novel of the same name by Leo Tolstoy. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian: , Dmitrij Dmitrievič Šostakovič) (September 25 [O.S. September 12] 1906–August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The World According To Ronald Reagan - a Finnish satirical poster from 1984 Satire is a technique of writing or art which exposes the follies of its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) to ridicule, often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ... Sydney Opera House: one of the worlds most recognisable opera houses and landmarks. ... The Nose is a satirical opera by the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich. ... Nikolai Gogol Gogol redirects here. ... RAPM (the Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians) was a musicians organisation of the early Soviet period. ... // Introduction The distinctive feature of Russian Formalism is the emphasis on the functional role of literary devices and the original conception of the evolution of literary history. ... Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (Леди Макбет Мценского уезда in Russian; Ledi Makbet Mtsenskovo Uyezda in transliteration) is an opera in four acts by the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich to a Russian libretto by Alexander Preis and the composer, inspired by and named after the famous story by Nikolai Leskov. ... See also: 1933 in music, other events of 1934, 1935 in music and the list of years in music. // Events March 12 - the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler given the world premiere of Paul Hindemiths symphony Mathis der Maler in Berlin November 7 - Sergei Rachmaninoffs... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ...

There were a lot more of the composers about the same generation, who had managed to create hundreds of operas. Some of them shared the same problems with Shostakovich and Prokofiev who returned to live to the Soviet Russia, and was deadly embraced by its suffocative regime. Others were at the opposite side, serving the suffocating roles. A serious condemnation and persecution of the Soviet Union's foremost composers, such as Prokofiev, Shostakovich and many others, had emerged in 1948 in connection to the opera by Vano Muradeli (1908-1970), Velikaya druzhba (The Great Friendship); see Zhdanov Doctrine. Vano Muradeli (Georgian: ; Russian: ; 6 April [O.S. 24 March] 1908 in Gori – 14 August 1970 in Tomsk) was a Soviet Georgian composer. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... Zhdanov Doctrine (also called zhdanovism or zhdanovschina, Russian: доктрина Жданова, ждановизм, ждановщина) was a Soviet doctrine developed by the Central Committee secretary Andrei Zhdanov in 1946. ...

Here is just a short list of the opera composers of that times:

Yuri Shaporin (1887-1966), opera The Decembrists (written during a period of 33 years 1930-1953, staged 1953)

Isaak Dunayevsky (1900-1955), 14 operettas incl. White Acacia (1955)

Alexander Mossolov (1900-1973, 4 operas incl. The Barrage (1929-1930)

Vissarion Shebalin (1902-1936), 3 operas incl. The Taming of the Shrew (1957)

Dmitri Kabalevsky (1904- 1987), 7 operas incl. Colas Breugnon (1936-1976)

Veniamin Fleishman (1913-1941), opera Rothschild's Violin (1941) completed and orchestrated by Dmitri Shostakovich

Tikhon Khrennikov (b. 1913), 5 operas incl. "Into the Storm" (1936-1939)

Grigory Frid (b. 1915), 2 chamber mono-operas incl. The diary of Anne Frank (1969)

Mieczysław Weinberg (1919-1996), 7 operas incl. The Idiot (1985)

Also: Vladimir Shcherbachev, Sergei Vasilenko, Vladimir Fere, Vladimir Vlasov, Kirill Molchanov, Alexander Kholminov, etc. (see: Russian opera articles#20th century). Yury (Georgy) Alexandrovich Shaporin (Russian: ; November 8 [O.S. October 27] 1887 - December 9, 1966) was a Russian Soviet composer. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... The Decemberists are a five-piece indie pop band from Portland, Oregon, fronted by singer/songwriter Colin Meloy. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ... Isaak Dunayevsky Isaak Osipovich Dunayevsky also Dunaevsky or Dunaevski (Russian: ; 30 January [O.S. 18 January] 1900 Lokhvitsa, Poltava - 25 July 1955, Moscow) was a Soviet composer and conductor, who specialized in light music for operetta and film comedies, frequently working with the film director Grigory Aleksandrov. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alexander Vasilievich Mosolov (29 July/11 August 1900, Kiev — 11 July 1973, Moscow), was a significant Russian avant-garde composer of the early Soviet era. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Vissarion Shebalin (1902–1963) was born on June 11, 1902 in Omsk. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dmitrij Borisovič Kabalevskij (Russian Дмитрий Борисович Кабалевский, commonly transliterated in English as Dmitri Borisovich Kabalevsky) (1904 - 1987) His Life Dmitri Kabalevsky Kabalevsky was a celebrated Soviet composer. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Veniamin Fleishman Shostakovichs composition class at Leningrad Conservatory, 1939. ... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... Rothschilds Violin (Russian: Скрипка Ротшильда) is one-act opera by Russian composer Veniamin Fleishman (1913-1941) to the Russian libretto by the composer after the short story Rothschilds Fiddle by Anton Chekhov. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich (Russian: , Dmitrij Dmitrievič Å ostakovič) (September 25 [O.S. September 12] 1906–August 9, 1975) was a Russian composer of the Soviet period. ... The composer Tikhon Nikolayevich Khrennikov (born June 10 (May 28, Old Style), 1913 in Yelets, Orlov District) wrote three symphonies, three piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, operas, operettas, ballets, chamber music, incidental music and film music, but was better known in his lifetime for his political activities. ... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Grigory Frid at the House of Composers in Ruza, 2004 Grigory Samuilovich Frid also Grigori Fried (Russian: Григо́рий Самуи́лович Фри́д, born September 22 N.S., 1915, Petrograd, now St. ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... MieczysÅ‚aw Weinberg (also Moisey Samuilovich Vainberg) (December 8, 1919 in Warsaw, Poland – February 26, 1996 in Moscow, Russia) was a Polish Jewish composer who lived in the Soviet Union and Russia since before the World War II (1939) and lost most of his family to the Nazis. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Shcherbachev, (also Shcherbachyov) (Russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Щербачё́в, born: January 24, 1889 Warsaw – died: March 5, 1952 Leningrad) was a Russian composer of the Soviet era. ... The following is a list of Russian opera articles. ...

The next generations who found themselves already in the Post-Stalin epoch had own specific problems. The ideological and stylistic control and limitation of creative freedom by the authorities and older colleagues-composers in the hierarchical structures of the Union of Composers made almost impossible the innovation and experiment in any field of musical art. It was a feeling that old bad times returned again, when in 1979 at the Sixth Congress of the Composers' Union, its leader Tikhon Khrennikov denounced seven composers (thereafter known as the "Khrennikov Seven"), who for some reason or other had been played in the West – there were at least four opera composers among them. USSR Union of Composers or Union of Composers of the USSR (Russian: Союз Советских композиторов СССР), also Union of Composers or Composers’ Union was a ‘creative’ professional organisation of composers in the Soviet Union. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... USSR Union of Composers or Union of Composers of the USSR (Russian: Союз Советских композиторов СССР), also Union of Composers or Composers’ Union was a ‘creative’ professional organisation of composers in the Soviet Union. ... The composer Tikhon Nikolayevich Khrennikov (born June 10 (May 28, Old Style), 1913 in Yelets, Orlov District) wrote three symphonies, three piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, operas, operettas, ballets, chamber music, incidental music and film music, but was better known in his lifetime for his political activities. ... Khrennikov’s Seven (Russian: Хренниковская семёрка or Семёрка Хренникова) was a group of seven Russian Soviet composers denounced at the Sixth Congress of the Composers Union by its leader Tikhon Khrennikov for the unapproved participation in some festivals of Soviet music in the West. ...

As a result even quite new phenomena appeared: a "samizdat (underground) opera" (see Nikolai Karetnikov). Some of these operas still never been performed, others luckily received their premieres in the West, and only a few found their place at the operatic stages of the homeland. The collapse of the Soviet Union did not improve this hopeless situation much. Samizdat, book published by Pathfinder Press containing a collection of forbidden Trotskyist Samizdat texts. ... The cover of the French edition of Karetnikovs autobiographical prose Nikolai Nikolayevich Karetnikov (Russian: Николáй Николáeвич Карéтников), (June 30, 1930, Moscow – October 10, 1994, Moscow) was a Russian composer of the so-called Underground – alternative or nonconformist group in Soviet music. ...

The list of the composers who contributed to the development of Russian opera nearer to the end of the 20th century:

Edison Denisov (1929-1996), 3 Operas incl. L'écume des jours ( The Foam of Days, completed 1981)

Nikolai Karetnikov (1930-1994), 2 operas incl. Till Eulenspiegel, opera in two acts (1965-1985)

Sergei Slonimsky (b. 1932), 3 operas incl. Mary Stewart (1978-1980)

Rodion Shchedrin (b. 1932), 3 operas incl. Myortvye dushi (Dead Souls 1976)

Alfred Schnittke (1934-1998), 3 operas incl. Zhizn’ s idiotom (Life With an Idiot, 1990-1991)

Boris Tishchenko (b. 1939 ) 2 operas incl. Kradenoe solntse (The Stolen Sun (1968)

Alexander Knayfel (b. 1943) 2 operas incl. Kentervilskoye prividenie (The Canterville Ghost, 1965-1966)

Nikolai Korndorf (1947-2001), chamber opera MR (Marina and Rainer) (1989)

Elena Firsova (b.1950), 2 chamber operas incl. The Nightingale and the Rose

Also: Nikolai Sidelnikov, Andrey Petrov, Sandor Kallosh, Leonid Hrabovsky, Alexander Vustin, Gleb Sedelnikov, Merab Gagnidze, Alexander Tchaikovsky, Vasily Lobanov, Dmitri N. Smirnov, Leonid Bobylev, Vladimir Tarnopolsky, and so on (see: Russian opera articles#20th century). Edison Denisov (April 6, 1929 - November 24, 1996) was a Russian composer from Tomsk, Siberia. ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Lécume des jours (English: The Foam of Days) is an opera in three acts (14 scenes) by the Russian composer Edison Denisov. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The cover of the French edition of Karetnikovs autobiographical prose Nikolai Nikolayevich Karetnikov (Russian: Николáй Николáeвич Карéтников), (June 30, 1930, Moscow – October 10, 1994, Moscow) was a Russian composer of the so-called Underground – alternative or nonconformist group in Soviet music. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sergei Slonimsky Sergei Mikhailovich Slonimsky (Russian: Серге́й Миха́йлович Слони́мский, born August 12, 1932, Leningrad) is a Russian composer, pianist and musicologist. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (born December 16, 1932) is a Russian composer. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Alfred Garyevich Schnittke (Russian: Альфре́д Га́рриевич Шни́тке, November 24, 1934 – August 3, 1998) was a Russian-German Jewish composer. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... This article is about the year. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Boris Tishchenko Boris Ivanovich Tishchenko (Russian: Бори́с Ива́нович Ти́щенко, born March 23, 1939, Leningrad) is a Russian composer and pianist. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Alexander Knayfel in Sortavala, August 1982 Alexander Aronovich Knayfel (Russian: , Knayfel, Knaifel; born November 28, 1943 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan) is a Russian composer known for his operas The Ghost of Canterville and Alice in Wonderland as well as for his music for cinema. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... The Canterville Ghost (also The Ghost of Canterville, Russian: Кантервильское привидение – Kantervíl’skoye privedénie, however usually spelt as Кентервильское привидение – Kentervíl’skoye privedénie; French: Le fantôme de Canterville, German: Das Gespenst von Canterville), an opera by the Russian composer Alexander Knayfel’ (Russian: Кнайфель; Alexandre Knaifel, Knayfel) in three acts for... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Nikolai Korndorf (1947-2001) was a composer. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The correspondence between Rilke and Tsvetaeva, in German, Insel, 1992 ISBN:3458163360 MR (Marina and Rainer) is a chamber opera in one act (5 scenes) by the Russian composer Nikolai Korndorf (1947-2001). ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy one of the following guidelines for inclusion on Wikipedia: If you are familiar with the subject matter, please expand the article to establish its notability, citing reliable sources, so as to avoid it being considered... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... A scene from the opera The Nightingale and the Rose by Elena Firsova The Nightingale and the Rose (Russian: Соловей и роза – Solovey i roza) is a chamber opera in one act (five scenes) by Russian composer Elena Firsova (Op. ... Nikolai Sidelnikov Nikolai Nikolayevich Sidelnikov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Сиде́льников, June 5, 1930, Kalinin - 1992) was a Russian composer. ... Leonid Grabovsky (Hrabovsky) (1935-) is the most famous and influential contemporary Ukrainian composer to emerge in Kiev during the 1950s. ... Alexander Vustin Alexander Kuzmich Vustin, also Voustin or Wustin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Кузьми́ч Ву́стин, born: April 24, 1943, Moscow) is a Russian composer. ... Vasily Lobanov Vasily Pavlovich Lobanov also Vassily Lobanov (Васи́лий Па́влович Лоба́нов, born January 2, 1947) is a Russian composer and pianist. ... Dmitri N. Smirnov Dmitri Nikolaevich Smirnov (Russian: Дми́трий Никола́евич Смирно́в) (born November 2, 1948, Minsk) is a Russian and British (since 1991) composer. ... Leonid Bobylev, 1972, Moscow Leonid Borisovich Bobylev, also Bobylyov (Леони́д Бори́сович Бобылё́в, born October 15, 1949) is a Russian composer. ... Vladimir Tarnopolsky Vladimir Grigoryevich Tarnopolsky (Russian: Влади́мир Григо́рьевич Тарнопо́льский, born April 30, 1955 Dnepropetrovsk) is a Russian composer. ... The following is a list of Russian opera articles. ...

21st century

The Russian opera is continuing its development in the 21st century. It began with the noisy premieres of two comic operas, whose genre could be explained as "opera-farce":

The first was Tsar Demyan - a frightful opera performance (a collective project of the five participants: composers Leonid Desyatnikov and Vyacheslav Gaivoronsky from St. Petersburg, Iraida Yusupova and Vladimir Nikolayev from Moscow, and the creative collective "Kompozitor," (a pseudonym for the well-known music critic Pyotr Pospelov) to the libretto by Elena Polenova after a folk-drama Tsar Maksimilyan, premiere June 20, 2001 Mariinski Theatre, St Petersburg. Prize "Gold Mask, 2002" and "Gold Soffit, 2002". Leonid Desyatnikov Leonid Arkadievich Desyatnikov (Russian: Леони́д Арка́дьевич Деся́тников, born: October 16, 1955, Kharkiv) is a Russian composer. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... View of the Mariinsky Theatre in the 1890ies The Mariinsky Theatre (In Russian, Мариинский Театр), known as the Kirov Opera and Ballet Theatre in 1934-92, is a historic theatre of opera and ballet in St Petersburg. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Another opera Rosenthal's Children by Leonid Desyatnikov to the libretto by Vladimir Sorokin, was commissioned by the Bolshoi Theatre and premiered on March 23, 2005. The staging of the opera was accompannied by juicy scandal, however made an enormous success. Leonid Desyatnikov Leonid Arkadievich Desyatnikov (Russian: Леони́д Арка́дьевич Деся́тников, born: October 16, 1955, Kharkiv) is a Russian composer. ... Vladimir Georgievich Sorokin (, in Russian) (born August 7, 1955 in Bykovo, a small town near Moscow in Russia) is a contemporary postmodern Russian writer. ... Bolshoi Theatre The Bolshoi Theatre is a theatre and opera company in Moscow, Russia, which gives performances of ballet, opera, and plays. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Bibliography

• Abraham, Gerald: The Concise Oxford History of Music, Oxford 1979 ISBN 0-19-284010-X
• [Abramovsky A.] Абрамовский А. Русская опера до Глинки Moscow 1940
• [Aseev B. N.] Асеев Б. Н. Русский драматический театр XVII – XVIII веков. Moscow 1958
• [Berkov P. N.] Берков П. Н. Русская комедия и комическая опера XVIII века. М. – Л., 1950
• [Findeizein N. F.] Финдейзен Н. Ф. Очерки по истории музыки в России. т. 2, М.-Л. 1929
• [Gozenpud A. A.] Гозенпуд А. А., Музыкальный театр в России Л., 1959 г.
• [Gurevich L.] Гуревич Л. История русского театрального быта, т.1. М. – Л., 1939
• [Druskin M.] Друскин М. Очерк VI в кн. Очерки по истории русской музыки. Л., 1956
• [History of Russian Music] История русской музыки в 10 томах, т. 2, 3. Moscow 1984
• [Keldysh Yu. V.] Келдыш Ю. В. Русская музыка XVIII века Moscow 1965
• [Livanova T. N.] Ливанова Т. Н. Русская музыкальная культура XVIII века в ее связях с литературой, театром и бытом в 2-х томах 1952-1953 гг. т.1, т.2
• [Rabinovich A. S.] Рабинович А.С. Русская опера до Глинки Moscow 1948
• [Rapatskaya L. A.] Рапацкая Л.А. Русское искусство XVIII века Moscow 1995
• [Serov A. N.] Серов А. Н. Опера в России и русская опера // Серов А.Н. Критические статьи. Т. 4. Спб. 1965
• Taruskin, Richard: Russia in 'The New Grove Dictionary of Opera', ed. Stanley Sadie (London, 1992) ISBN 0-333-73432-7
• Frolova-Walker, Marina: Russian Federation, 1730-1860, Opera; Powell, Jonathan: 1860-90, Opera; Barttlett, Rosamund (Music of the Soviet Period) in the entry Russian Federation, The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, vol. 21 ISBN 0-333-60800-3

Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Richard Taruskin is an American musicologist and music historian specializing in theory of performance, Russian music, twentieth-century music, nationalism, theory of modernism, and analysis. ... The New Grove Dictionary of Opera is an encyclopedia (or encyclopedic dictionary) of opera, considered to be one of the best general reference sources on the subject. ... Stanley Sadie, CBE, (October 30, 1930-March 21, 2005) was a British musicologist, music critic, and editor. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is a dictionary of music and musicians, generally considered to be one of the best general reference sources on the subject. ...

External links

• See: Russian opera articles#External links