Russia

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Russia Image File history File links Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation. ... The politics of Russia (the Russian Federation) take place in a framework of a federal presidential republic, whereby the President of Russia is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ...

Constitution President: Vladimir Putin Presidential Executive Office: Sergey Sobyanin Prime Minister: Mikhail Fradkov Federal Assembly Federation Council Duma Judiciary (Russian Constitution) Constitutional Court Supreme Court Supreme Court of Arbitration Political parties Elections in Russia President: 2000 - 2004 - 2008 Parliamentary: 2003 - 2007 Subdivisions Federal subjects Human rights Foreign relations

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The Russian presidential administration (also known as Staff of Russia’s president, Presidential Executive Office, in Russian: Администрация Президента Российской Федерации)) is the executive office of Russia's president created by a decree of Boris Yeltsin on July 19, 1991 as an institution supporting the activity of the president (then Yeltsin) and vice-president (then Aleksandr Rutskoy, since 1993 the position hasn’t existed anymore) of Russian SFSR (now Russian Federation), as well as deliberative bodies attached to the president, including Security Council. The President of Russia (ru: Президент России is the highest position within the Government of Russia. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the incumbent President of Russia. ... Sergey Semyonovich Sobyanin Sergey Semyonovich Sobyanin (Russian: ; born July 21, 1958 in the village of Nyaksimvol of Beryozovsky District of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) is the governor of Tyumen Oblast, Russian state and political figure, head of the Administration of the President of Russia. ... The Prime Minister of Russia is the current Head of Government of the Russian Federation. ... Mikhail Yefimovich Fradkov (Russian: Михаи́л Ефи́мович Фрадко́в) (born September 1, 1950) is a Russian politician, and the current Prime Minister of Russia. ... Federal Assembly of Russia (Федеральное Собрание) is the name of the parliament of the Russian Federation, according to the Constitution of Russian Federation, 1993. ... The Federation Council of Russia (Совет Федерации, Sovet Federatsii) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (parliament of the Russian Federation), according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with State Duma. ... The Russian judiciary has judicial appeal and judicial review at the level of the Supreme Court. ... Constitutional Court of Russian Federation (Russian: Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации) is a high court which is empowered to rule on whether or not certain laws or presidential decrees are in fact contrary to the Constitution of Russia. ... The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation (Russian: ) is the final instance in administrative law, civil law and criminal law cases. ... The Supreme Court of Arbitration of the Russian Federation is the final instance in commercial disputes in Russia. ... Political parties in Russia lists political parties in Russia. ... Politics of Russia Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Russia ... Presidential elections were held in the Russian Federation on March 26, 2000. ... Presidential elections were held in the Russian Federation on March 14, 2004. ... The Russian Presidential election of 2008, scheduled to be held in March 2008, is widely expected to be a three-horse race between the official Kremlin-backed candidate, the candidate of the left-wing nationalist forces and the nominee of the democratic opposition. ... Legislative elections were held in the Russian Federation on December 7, 2003. ... Russia will have Duma elections on December 2, 2007. ... Russia is a federation which consists of 88 subjects (Russian: ; English transliteration: subyekty, sing. ... Russias human rights record remains uneven and has worsened in some areas since the 1990s. ... Regarding the foreign relations of Russia, Russia has taken important steps to become a full partner in the worlds principal political groupings. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... Yeltsin redirects here. ... July 19 is the 200th day (201st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 165 days remaining. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Aleksandr Vladimirovich Rutskoy (ru: Александр Владимирович Руцкой)(born September 16, 1945, Kursk, Russia) was a Soviet military officer and a Russian politician. ... State motto: Russian: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR:  - Since  - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area  - Total  - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 km² 13% Population  - Total   - Density Ranked 1st in the...

The chief of the administration, his deputies, heads of main directorates and services and their deputies are appointed by the President of Russia and don't need to be approved by any other government body. Other staff is appointed by the chief of the presidential administration. The President of Russia (ru: Президент России is the highest position within the Government of Russia. ...

List of the Chiefs of Russian presidential administration

• Yury Petrov (August 1991 – January 1993)
• Sergey Filatov (January 1993 – January 1996)
• Nikolay Yegorov (January 15, 1996, – July 15, 1996)
• Anatoly Chubais (July 15, 1996, – March 7, 1997)
• Valentin Yumashev (March 11, 1997, – December 7, 1998)
• Nikolai Bordyuzha (December 7, 1998, – March 1999)
• Alexander Voloshin (March 19, 1999, – December 31, 1999)
• Alexander Voloshin (December 31, 1999, – May 7, 2000)
• Alexander Voloshin (May 27, 2000, – October 30, 2003)
• Dmitry Medvedev (October 30, 2003, – November 14, 2005)
• Sergey Sobyanin (since November 14, 2005)

August is the eighth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January is the first month of the year and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... January is the first month of the year and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... January is the first month of the year and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Anatoly Chubais. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in leap years). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 11 is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Nikolai Nikolayevich Bordyuzha (Russian: , b. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Alexander Staliyevich Voloshin (Russian: Александр Стальевич Волошин) (b. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Alexander Staliyevich Voloshin (Russian: Александр Стальевич Волошин) (b. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (128th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Alexander Staliyevich Voloshin (Russian: Александр Стальевич Волошин) (b. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dmitry Medvedev Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (Russian: Дмитрий Анатольевич Медведев)(b. ... October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sergey Semyonovich Sobyanin Sergey Semyonovich Sobyanin (Russian: ; born July 21, 1958 in the village of Nyaksimvol of Beryozovsky District of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) is the governor of Tyumen Oblast, Russian state and political figure, head of the Administration of the President of Russia. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Other important members

First Deputy Chiefs of Presidential Administration:

• Dmitry Medvedev (June 3, 2000, - October 30, 2003)
• Dmitry Kozak (October 30, 2003 - March 2004)

Deputy Chiefs of Presidential Administration: Dmitry Medvedev Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (Russian: Дмитрий Анатольевич Медведев)(b. ... Dmitry Kozak Dmitry Nikolayevich Kozak (Russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Козак) (b. ...

• Vladislav Surkov (since August 1999)
• Igor Sechin (since 2000)
• Alexander Abramov (1999 - March 2004)
• Viktor Ivanov (2000 - March 2004)
• Dmitry Kozak (may 1999 - August 1999, June 4, 2000, - October 30, 2003)
• Yevgeny Lisov (until January 12, 2004)
• Dzhakhan Pollyeva (1998 - March 2004)
• Sergey Prikhodko (1998 - March 2004)
• Igor Shuvalov (October 2003 - March 2004)
• Sergei Yastrzhembsky (1997 - 1998)

Aides to the President Vladislav Surkov Vladislav Yuryevich Surkov (Russian: Владислав Юрьевич Сурков) (b. ... Alexander Abramov (born 1959) is a former scientist who became an industrial magnate as head of EvrazHolding, Russias largest steel producer. ... Dmitry Kozak Dmitry Nikolayevich Kozak (Russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Козак) (b. ...

• Vladislav Surkov (since March 2004)
• Igor Sechin (since March 2004)
• Alexander Abramov (since March 2004)
• Alexander Beglov (since May 2004)
• Larisa Brycheva (since March 2004)
• Viktor Ivanov (since March 2004)
• Dzhakhan Pollyeva (since March 2004)
• Sergey Prikhodko (since March 2004, 1997 - 1998)
• Igor Shuvalov (since March 2004, June - October 2003)
• Sergei Yastrzhembsky (since January 2000)
• Igor Sergeyev (March 28, 2001, - March 30, 2004)
• Yevgeny Shaposhnikov (March 1997 - March 30, 2004)
• Aslambek Aslakhanov (October 2003 - March 2004)

(Duties of the Aides in Russian: [1]) Vladislav Surkov Vladislav Yuryevich Surkov (Russian: Владислав Юрьевич Сурков) (b. ... Alexander Abramov (born 1959) is a former scientist who became an industrial magnate as head of EvrazHolding, Russias largest steel producer. ... Igor Dmitriyevich Sergeyev (Russian: Игорь Дмитриевич Сергеев) (April 20, 1938 — November 10, 2006) was the Defense Minister of the Russian Federation from May 22 of 1997 until March 28 of 2001. ... Yevgeny Ivanovich Shaposhnikov (Russian: Евгений Иванович Шапошников) (b. ... Aslambek Aslakhanov is the State Duma deputy from Chechnya, advisor and aide for the Russian president Vladimir Putin. ...

Press Attache for the President

• Alexey Gromov

Chief of the Presidential Protocol

• Igor Schyogolev

Advisers to the President

• Aslambek Aslakhanov (for North Caucasus, since March 2004)
• Alexander Burutin (for Military Technology and Industry, since April 2003)
• Yury Laptev (for Culture, since April 2004)
• Mikhail Lesin (for Mass Media and Information Technologies, since April 2004)
• Anatoliy Pristavkin (for Pardon, since December 2001)
• Sergey Samoylov (for Federalism and Local Government, since 2001)
• Gennady Troshev (for Cossacks, since 2003)
• Vladimir Shevchenko (for special affairs, since 2000)
• Veniamin Yakovlev (for Justice, since February 2005)
• Andrey Illarionov (for Economy, April 12, 2000, - December 25, 2005)

Aslambek Aslakhanov is the State Duma deputy from Chechnya, advisor and aide for the Russian president Vladimir Putin. ... Gennday Torshev is a general in the Russian military and was a formerly the commander of the North Caucasus Military District, covering the Chechnya region. ... Andrey Nikolayevich Illarionov (Russian: Андре́й Никола́евич Илларио́нов) (born September 16, 1961) is the former economic policy advisor to the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin. ...

History

On March 25, 2004, Vladimir Putin undertook a major reorganization of this institution by a decree (Full text in Russian: [2]). Only two deputy chiefs remained out of seven. The Press Office and the Information Office were merged into the Press and Information Office, the Pardon Directorate and the Citizenship Directorate were merged into the Directorate for Protecting Citizens' Constitutional Rights. The Personnel Directorate and the State Decorations Directorate were merged into the Personnel and State Decorations Directorate, the Protocol Directorate and the Organisation Directorate were merged into the Protocol and Organization Directorate. The Territorial Directorate was included in the Domestic policy Directorate. The Economic Directorate was abolished, the Civil Service Directorate was created. March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the incumbent President of Russia. ...

Presidential Envoys to Federal districts of Russia

This institution was organized in 2000. All of the federal subjects of Russia are grouped into seven federal districts (Russian: , sing. ... This article is about the year 2000. ...

• Central Federal District
  • Georgy Poltavchenko (since May 18, 2000)

• Southern Federal District
  • Viktor Kazantsev (May 18, 2000, – March 9, 2004)
  • Vladimir Yakovlev (March 9 – September 13, 2004)
  • Dmitry Kozak (since September 13, 2004)

• Northwestern Federal District
  • Viktor Cherkesov (May 18, 2000, – March 11, 2003)
  • Valentina Matviyenko (March 11, 2003, – October 15, 2003)
  • Ilya Klebanov (since November 1, 2003)

• Far Eastern Federal District
  • Konstantin Pulikovsky (May 18, 2000, – November 14, 2005)
  • Kamil Iskhakov (since November 14, 2005)

• Siberian Federal District
  • Leonid Drachevskiy (May 18, 2000, – September 9, 2004)
  • Anatoly Kvashnin (since September 9, 2004)

• Urals Federal District
  • Pyotr Latyshev (since May 18, 2000)

• Volga Federal District
  • Sergei Kiriyenko (May 18, 2000, – November 14, 2005)
  • Alexandr Konovalov (since November 14, 2005)

Central Federal District (Russian: Центра́льный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Georgy Poltavchenkois the current Presidential Envoy to Central Federal District. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Southern Federal District (Russian: Ю́жный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Viktor Kazantsev was an envoy of the Russian president who performed primary negotiations between the Russian government and the Chechen oppostion. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dmitry Kozak Dmitry Nikolayevich Kozak (Russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Козак) (b. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Northwestern Federal District (Russian: Се́веро-За́падный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... March 11 is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 11 is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ilya Klebanov is the Presidential Envoy to Northwestern Federal District. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосто́чный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kamil İsxaqov (also spelled Iskhakov, Tatar: Kamil Şamil ulı İsxaqov, Russian: Камиль Шамильевич Исхаков) (born February 8, 1949 in Kazan) is Russian statesman. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Siberian Federal District (Russian: Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... General of the Army Anatoly Kvashnin was the Chief of the Russian General Staff until 2004, when he was dismissed by President Vladimir Putin. ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Pyatr Latyshev (Russian: ) is the Presidential Envoy to Urals Federal District, Russia. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Categories: Russia geography stubs | Federal districts of Russia ... Sergei Vladilenovich Kiriyenko (Russian: ) (b. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining until the end of the year. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Presidential Envoys to Branches of Federal Power

The President's Envoys to the Federation Council of Russia and State Duma (until February 10, 1996)

• Alexander Yakovlev (February 18, 1994, – February 10, 1996)

The Federation Council of Russia (Совет Федерации, Sovet Federatsii) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (parliament of the Russian Federation), according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. ... Emblem commemorating the 100 year anniversary of Russia Dumas Boris Gryzlov, speaker of the Russian State Duma since December 2003 The State Duma (Russian: Государственная дума (Gosudarstvennaya Duma), common abbreviation: Госдума (Gosduma)) in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (legislature), the upper house being the Federation... Alexander Yakovlev may refer to: Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev, a prominent supporter of glasnost and ally of Mikhael Gorbachev in the 1980s. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

The President's Envoys to the Federation Council of Russia (since February 10, 1996)

• Anatoly Sliva (February 10, 1996, – October 27, 1998)
• Yury Yarov (December 7, 1998, – April 13, 1999)
• Vyacheslav Khizhnyakov (May 12, 1999, – April 5, 2004)
• Alexander Kotenkov (since April 5, 2004)

The Federation Council of Russia (Совет Федерации, Sovet Federatsii) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (parliament of the Russian Federation), according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Yury Yerov (born 1942) was a Russian politician. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... April 13 is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The President's Representative to the State Duma (since February 10, 1996)

• Alexander Kotenkov (February 10, 1996, – April 5, 2004)
• Alexander Kosopkin (since April 5, 2004)

Emblem commemorating the 100 year anniversary of Russia Dumas Boris Gryzlov, speaker of the Russian State Duma since December 2003 The State Duma (Russian: Государственная дума (Gosudarstvennaya Duma), common abbreviation: Госдума (Gosduma)) in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (legislature), the upper house being the Federation... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The President's Representatives to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation

• Valery Savitsky (April 24, 1995, – February 5, 1996)
• Mikhail Mityukov (February 5 – December 7, 1996)
• Sergey Shakhray (December 7, 1996, – June 29, 1998)
• Mikhail Mityukov (June 29, 1998, – November 7, 2005)
• Mikhail Krotov (since November 7, 2005)

Constitutional Court of Russian Federation (Russian: Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации) is a high court which is empowered to rule on whether or not certain laws or presidential decrees are in fact contrary to the Constitution of Russia. ... April 24 is the 114th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (115th in leap years). ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Subdivisions

• Security Council Office
• Offices of the Plenipotentiary Envoys to the Federal Districts
• Presidential Advisers' Office
• State-Legal Directorate
• Presidential Chancellery
• Control Directorate (Chiefs: Yuri Boldyrev (1992 – 1993), Aleksey Ilyushenko (March 19, 1993, - ???), Vladimir Zaytsev (1995 – 1996), Alexei Kudrin (August 1, 1996, - March 26, 1997), Vladimir Putin (March 26, 1997, - May 1998), Nikolai Patrushev (May 31, 1998, – October 1998), Yevgeny Lisov (October 1998, – January 13, 2004), Valery Nazarov (January 13, 2004, - March 12, 2004), Alexander Beglov (since May 27, 2004)
• Presidential Speechwriters' Directorate
• Secretariat of the Chief of the Presidential Administration
• Domestic Policy Directorate
• Foreign Policy Directorate
• Personnel and State Decorations Directorate (since March 25, 2004)
• Personnel Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• State Decorations Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Civil Service Directorate (since March 25, 2004)
• Directorate for Protecting Citizens' Constitutional Rights (since March 25, 2004)
• Pardon Directorate
• Citizenship Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Document Processing Directorate
• Directorate for Communication and Public Feedback
• Press and Information Office (since March 25, 2004)
• Press Office (until March 25, 2004)
• Information Office (until March 25, 2004)
• Protocol and Organization Directorate (since March 25, 2004)
• Protocol Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Organization Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Experts' Directorate
• Directorate for Interregional Relations and Cultural Contacts with Foreign Countries
• Territorial Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Economic Directorate (until March 25, 2004)
• Cossacks Directorate (August 7, 1998, - February 25, 2003)

All of the federal subjects of Russia are grouped into seven federal districts (Russian: , sing. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Alexei Leonidovich Kudrin is a Russian politician, and the Russian Minister of Finance. ... August 1 is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the incumbent President of Russia. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May is the fifth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Nikolai Platonovich Patrushev (Russian: Николай Платонович Патрушев) (born July 11, 1951) is the current director of the Russian FSB, the successor organization of the KGB. He was born in Leningrad and graduated from Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute, where worked as an engineer at his department until 1974. ... May 31 is the 151st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (152nd in leap years), with 214 days remaining. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Look up October in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Look up October in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References and notes

External links

• History (in Russian)
• Official site
• Russia's Regent by Paul Quinn-Judge, Time, December 9, 1996.