SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) (French National Railway Company) is a French public enterprise. Its functions include operation of rail services for passengers and freight, and maintenance as well as signalling of rail infrastructure owned by RFF (Réseau Ferré de France). It employs about 180,000 people. The rail network consists of about 32,000 km of route, of which 1,800 km is high-speed line and 14,500 km is electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. The chairman of SNCF is Anne-Marie Idrac. Its headquarters is in Paris, in the Rue du Commandant Mouchotte. Image File history File links SNCF_logo. ... RFF are also the initials of the Ricardo Franco Front, a Colombian revolutionary guerrilla group. ... “km” redirects here. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... Overhead wire in Coventry, England Overhead wire and its suspension system in Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA A railway electrification system is a way of supplying electric power to electric locomotives and multiple units. ... Anne-Marie Idrac Anne-Marie Idrac ---- (more info) Stage 3 : Proofreaders Needed (How-to) I can translate to German later, but I dont speak French. ... This article is about the capital of France. ...

Scope of business

An SNCF TER.

SNCF operates almost all of France's railway system, including the TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, literally "high-speed train") and some segments of the RER. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Ter is a river in Catalonia (north eastern Spain) that begins in the mountains of the Pyrenees, passes through the city of Girona, and ends in the Mediterranean Sea at lEstartit. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... TGV R seau class, Marseille St-Charles station This page is about high speed rail in general. ... The RER (Réseau Express Régional, IPA , Regional Express Network) is an urban rail network in the ÃŽle-de-France région, notably Paris and its agglomeration. ...

In the past, SNCF owned not only the trains, but also the tracks, but this has changed due to new European Union regulations. Since 1997 the tracks and other rail infrastructure have belonged to a separate government establishment, the Réseau Ferré de France; this change was intended to open the market to independent train operating companies, although few have yet appeared. There have been claims that this is mainly due to very restrictive regulations that are allegedly motivated by protectionism. For example, the licensing procedure for the multi-system ICE3M took four years, while the same train was allowed onto tracks in the Netherlands and Belgium within a year of its introduction. For the band, see 1997 (band). ... RFF are also the initials of the Ricardo Franco Front, a Colombian revolutionary guerrilla group. ... Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between nations, through methods such as high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, a variety of restrictive government regulations designed to discourage imports, and anti-dumping laws in an attempt to protect domestic industries in a particular nation from foreign take-over... ICE 3 trainset near Ingolstadt The InterCityExpress or ICE (German pronunciation: ) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany and its neighbouring countries. ...

History

SNCF was formed in 1938 on the nationalisation of France's five main railways. (Chemin de Fer in English means railway, literally, 'way of the rail') These were the: Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nationalization is the act of taking assets into state ownership. ... This article is about the card game. ...

• Chemin de Fer de l'Est (Eastern Railway)
• Chemin de Fer de l'État (State Railway) (formed in 1909 from the merger of the Chemin de Fer de l'État and the Chemins de Fer de l'Ouest)
• Chemin de Fer du Nord (Northern Railway)
• Chemin de Fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM) (Paris, Lyon and Mediterranean Railway)
• Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi (Paris, Orléans Central Railway) (PO-Midi, formed in 1934 from the merger of the Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans and the Chemin de Fer du Midi)

The French state took 51% ownership of SNCF and has since put large amounts of public subsidies into the system. In the 1970s, SNCF began the TGV high speed train programme with the intention of creating the world's fastest railway network. It came to fruition in 1981, when the first TGV service, from Paris to Lyon, was inaugurated. TGV lines and the TGV technology have since spread to several other European countries plus South Korea. The Chemin de Fer de lEst, often abbreviated to CF de lEst, was an early French railway company. ... The Chemin de Fer de lÉtat (State Railway), sometimes abbreviated to CF de lÉtat, was an early French railway company. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Chemin de Fer de lÉtat (State Railway), sometimes abbreviated to CF de lÉtat, was an early French railway company. ... The Compagnie des chemins de fer de lOuest (CF de lOuest), often referred to simply as LOuest or Ouest, was an early French railway company. ... The Chemin de Fer du Nord, often abbreviated to CF du Nord, was an early French railway company. ... The Chemin de Fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée, more often known as Chemins de Fer PLM or simply CF PLM, was an early French railway company. ... The Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi, often abbreviated to PO-Midi, was an early French railway company. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans, often abbreviated to CF Paris-Orléans, was an early French railway company. ... The Chemin de Fer du Midi, often abbreviated to CF du Midi, was an early French railway company. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... This article is about the French city. ...

Role during World War II

On 16 May 2006 the SNCF and the French State were successfully taken to the administrative court for complicity in crimes against humanity by the Father of MEP Alain Lipietz, because of their role in transporting members of his family to the Drancy deportation camp during World War II. They were subsequently jointly fined 64,000 euro^[1], but the judgement was appealed. Previous similar attempts by others in the civil courts had failed. SNCF argued that they were required to transport Jews by the Vichy regime and the Nazis, and that they had never taken the initiative. However SNCF chose to transport them in cattle wagons (stock cars), as it was done for soldiers, and invoiced the state for 3rd class tickets.^[2][3]. Hundreds of SNCF employees (cheminots) were killed for acts of Resistance during World War II, 2480 were deported (Among them, 1100 died), 2361 killed at work (Bombings, landmines, ...). is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In international law, a crime against humanity consists of acts of persecution or any large scale atrocities against a body of people, as being the criminal offence above all others. ... A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP)[1] is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ... Alain Lipietz (born September 19, French engineer, economist and politician, a member of the French Green Party. ... The Drancy deportation camp was an infamous temporary prison camp in the city of Drancy, north of Paris, France. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... Motto Travail, famille, patrie French: Unoccupied zone of Vichy France (until November 1942) Capital Vichy Capital-in-exile Sigmaringen (1944-1945) Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholic Government Dictatorship Chief of state  - 1940 — 1944 Philippe Pétain President of the Council  - 1940 — 1942 Philippe Pétain  - 1942 — 1944 Pierre Laval... The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Missouri Pacific Lines all-wood stock car #52967, photographed at Pueblo, Colorado in March, 1937. ... A travel class is a quality of accommodation on public transport. ... Cheap Tickets redirects here. ... Members of the Dutch Eindhoven Resistance with troops of the US 101st Airborne Division in front of the Eindhoven cathedral during Operation Market Garden in September 1944. ...

Regionalisation

Main article: TER

Since the 90s, SNCF has been selling train cars to regional governments in an effort to give trains times and needs more attention. The Ter is a river in Catalonia (north eastern Spain) that begins in the mountains of the Pyrenees, passes through the city of Girona, and ends in the Mediterranean Sea at lEstartit. ...

World speed records

Part of the record-breaking V150 unit being taken in triumph down the Seine for display at the foot of the Eiffel Tower

SNCF's TGV has set many world speed records, the most recent on April 3, 2007, when a new version of the TGV, dubbed the V150, with larger wheels than the usual TGV, was able to cover more ground with each rotation and a stronger, 25,000-horsepower engine, broke the world speed record for conventional rail trains, reaching 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph).^[4] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 2. ... The V150 is a specially configured TGV train which broke the world record for conventional rail trains on April 3, 2007. ... This article is about the river in France. ... The Eiffel Tower (French: , ) is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars beside the River Seine in Paris. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... The TGV world speed record program was a series of trials by SNCF, the French national railway to test its TGV system to the limits. ... The TGV world speed record program was a series of trials by SNCF, the French national railway to test its TGV system to the limits. ... The V150 is a specially configured TGV train which broke the world record for conventional rail trains on April 3, 2007. ...

Codeshare with airlines

A 2nd-generation TGV train (Réseau class) at Marseille St-Charles station.

SNCF codeshares with Air Austral, Air France, Air Tahiti Nui, American Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Continental Airlines, Middle East Airlines, Emirates, Qatar Airways and United Airlines and in exchange, allows passengers on those flights to book rail service between Charles de Gaulle International Airport in Roissy (near Paris) and Aix-en-Provence, Angers, Avignon, Bordeaux, Le Mans, Lille, Lyon Part-Dieu, Marseilles, Montpellier, Nantes, Nimes, Poiters, Rennes, Tours, and Valence with their airline. The IATA designator used by airlines in connection with these journeys is 2C. 2nd generation TGV train (Réseau class), Marseille St-Charles station Image by ChrisO File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 2nd generation TGV train (Réseau class), Marseille St-Charles station Image by ChrisO File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... Code sharing is a business term which first originated in the airline industry. ... A Boeing used by Air Austral. ... Air France (formally Société Air France) is Europes largest airline company. ... Air Tahiti Nui is French Polynesias flag carrier airline with its headquarters in Papeete, Tahiti. ... American Airlines, Inc. ... Cathay Pacific Airways Limited (SEHK: 0293)(traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is an airline based in Hong Kong, operating scheduled passenger and cargo services to 120 destinations worldwide. ... Continental Airlines (NYSE: CAL) is a U.S. certificated air carrier. ... Middle East Airlines (Arabic: طيران الشرق الأوسط), also known by its long name, Middle East Airlines Air Liban (Arabic: طيران الشرق الأوسط الخطوط الجوية اللبنانية), is the national flag-carrier airline of Lebanon, based in Beirut. ... Emirates (Arabic: الإمارات al-Imārāt) is an airline based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. ... Qatar Airways (Arabic: القطرية) is the flag carrier airline of Qatar, based in Doha. ... United Airlines, also known as United Air Lines, Inc. ... Charles de Gaulle International Airport (IATA: CDG, ICAO: LFPG) (French: ), also known as Roissy Airport (or just Roissy in French), in Paris, is one of worlds principal aviation centres, as well as Frances main international airport. ... Roissy-en-France, or simply Roissy, is a commune of the Val-dOise département, near Paris, France. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Lille is an important crossroads in the European TGV network: it lies on the Eurostar line to London and the Thalys network to Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam and Cologne. ... TGV train in Rennes Rail Station Trains in Rennes Rail Station Rennes Rail Station is situated in the town centre of Rennes, France. ... The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organization of airlines headquarted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...

Environment

Jacques Chirac, then French president, pledged in his 2006 New Year Address that by 2026 no SNCF or RATP train would be powered by fossil fuels.^[5] This pledge confirms France's commitment to nuclear power for its energy needs, and already nuclear power stations generate most of the electricity used to power SNCF trains. “Chirac” redirects here. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... Typical RATP métro access turnstiles The Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP/Autonomous Transport Region of Paris) is the major transit authority responsible for public transportation in Paris and its environs. ... This article is about applications of nuclear fission reactors as power sources. ... A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is one or more nuclear reactors. ...

See also

• History of rail transport in France
• List of French companies
• List of SNCF locomotive and multiple-unit classes
• Transport express régional
• Corail (train)
• Transport in France
• List of SNCF stations

The history of rail transport in France dates from the first French railway in 1832 to present-day enterprises such as the TGV. // During the 19th century, railway construction began in France with short mineral lines. ... This is a list of companies from France. ... List of locomotive and multiple unit classes of SNCF. Classes in bold are in use, whilst those in italics have been withdrawn. ... A Bombardier AGC train belonging to TER, in Hazebrouck station. ... Corail B6Dux cab-car of TER Rhône-Alpes Corail ND cars at gare Saint-Lazare Interior of a 2nd class Corail ND VTU (B10tu, B11tu) coach Corail is the name given to a class of passenger rail cars of the SNCF that first entered commercial service in 1975. ... This article contains material from the CIA World Factbook (2003 edition) which, as a US government publication, is in the public domain. ... Please note that this list is far from complete and a lot of stations may be missing from this list. ...

References

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• SNCF web site
• Map
• SNCF UK web site
• (French) History of SNCF
• channel tunnel link
• Collection of Google Earth locations of SNCF stations (Requires Google Earth software) from the Google Earth Community forum