The Saar, corresponding to the current German state of Saarland, was a protectorate under French control between 1947 and 1959. Image File history File links Saarland_1947_flag_300. ... Saarland is one of the 16 states of Germany. ... For the rule of Oliver Cromwell, see The Protectorate. ...

History

The Saarland territory had earlier been under a French controlled League of Nations mandate that was in effect between 1920 and 1935. After incorporation into the Third Reich in 1935 it was included in the Gau of Saar-Palatinate (Saarpfalz) until 1942, when it was changed to Westmark. The League of Nations was an international organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. ... League of Nations mandates were territories established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, 28 June 1919. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

The territory had also been under French administration during the Napoleonic Wars, when it had been included in the French Empire under as the département of Sarre between 1798 and 1814. Combatants Allies: • United Kingdom, • Prussia, • Austria, • Russia France Casualties Full list Full list The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars fought during Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France. ... The First French Empire, commonly known as the French Empire or the Napoleonic Empire, covers the period of the domination of France and much of continental Europe by Napoleon I of France. ... Sarre is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Germany. ...

Like in 1920–1935, postage stamps issued specially for the territory was used 1947–1959; see postage stamps and postal history of the Saar for details. 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the German territory of the Saar. ...

Politics

After World War II, in 1947, control of the territory was once again returned to France. Combatants Allies: • Poland, • UK & Commonwealth, • France/Free France, • Soviet Union, • USA, • China, ...and others• Axis: • Germany, • Italy, • Japan, • ...and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total: 50 million Full list Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total: 12 million Full list World War II...

In general elections December 1952, a clear majority expressed their support for the parties who wanted to remain autonomous under France, although 24 percent cast blanc ballots in support of barred pro-German parties. 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the Paris Accords of 23 October 1954, France offered to establish an independent Saarland, under the auspices of the Western European Union (WEU), but a referendum held on 23 October 1955 rejected this plan by 67.7 percent. Instead the people of the Saar opted for the return of the Saar to the Federal Republic of Germany.[1] 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The flag of the Western European Union Not to be confused with the European Union (EU), the Western European Union (WEU) is a partially dormant European defence and security organization, established on the basis of the Treaty of Brussels of 1948 with the accession of West Germany and Italy in...

On October 27, 1956, the Saar Treaty established that Saarland should be allowed to rejoin West Germany, which it did on January 1, 1957. 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Saarland is one of the 16 states of Germany. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The principal reason for the French desire for economic control of the Saar was its large coal deposits. To satisfy this the French were offered compensation for the return of the Saar to Germany, the Saar treaty permitted France to extract coal from the Warndt deposit until 1981.

Until 1959 Saar franken (Sarre franc), the Saar currency, remained pegged against the French franc. French Franc. ...

Trivia

The Saar territory competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, and the Saarland national football team participated in the qualifying section of the 1954 World Cup, but failed after coming second to the West German team, but ahead of Norway. The Games of the XV Olympiad were held in 1952 in Helsinki, Finland. ... Province Southern Finland Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki City manager Jussi Pajunen Official languages Finnish, Swedish Area  - total  - land ranked 342nd 185. ... First international Saarland 5 - 3 Switzerland B (Saarbrücken, Saarland; 22 November 1950) Norway 2 - 3 Saarland (Oslo, Norway; 24 June 1953) Last International Netherlands 3 - 2 Saarland (Amsterdam, Netherlands; 6 June 1956) Largest win Switzerland B 2 - 5 Saarland (Bern, Switzerland; 15 September 1951) Worst defeat Saarland 1 - 7... The 1954 Football World Cup was held in Switzerland. ... First International Switzerland 5 - 3 Germany (Basel, Switzerland; 5 April 1908) Largest win Germany 16 - 0 Russia (Stockholm, Sweden; 1 July 1912) Worst defeat England 9 - 0 Germany (Oxford, England; 16 March 1909) World Cup Appearances 16 (First in 1934) Best result Winners, 1954, 1974, 1990 European Championship Appearances 9...

See also

• Sarre
• Saar River

Sarre is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Germany. ... Saar loop at Mettlach The Saar (French: Sarre) is a river, that rises in the Vosges mountains in Alsace with two headstreams (Red and White Saar) at the Donon, running through Lorraine and the Saarland, which was named after it. ...

External links

• Saar Paper Money
• interets-union-economique-franco-sarroise-1952 Documents relating to the Saar-France Issue.
• Morgenthau (post surrender) Plan from 1944 Purpose of proposed Saar transfer is to weaken German industry.
• Restatement of Policy on Germany. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes. Stuttgart. September 6, 1946 Statement in favour of the transfer of the Saar To France.