It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Osco-Umbrian languages. (Discuss)

Sabellic, the name originally given by Mommsen in his Unteritalische Dialekte to the pre-Roman dialects of Central Italy which was neither Oscan nor Umbrian. The progress of study has, however, grouped them under more specific names, such as the "North Oscan" group and the "Latinian" group, and the only content now left for the term Sabellic consists of a group of 8 or 9 inscriptions to which it certainly cannot be applied with truth. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Osco-Umbrian languages are a group of languages that belong to the Italic language family of the Indo-European languages. ... Theodor Mommsen Theodor Mommsen Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (30 November 1817 - 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar and historian, generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century. ... Denarius of Marsican Confederation with Oscan legend. ... Umbrian, an Indo-European language of the Italic family, is a dead language formerly spoken in Umbria, Italy. ... The Paeligni were a people of ancient Italy, first mentioned as a member of a confederacy which included the Marsi, Marrucini and Vestini, with which the Romans came into conflict in the second Samnite War, 325 BC. On the submission of the Samnites they all came into alliance with Rome... Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...

They are probably, if not certainly, the most ancient inscriptions in existence on Italian soil. Since they were all found on a strip of the eastern coast running from the mouth of the Aternus on the south to Pesaro on the north, it is probably best to call them simply "East Italic" or "Adriatic." Not even the transcription of their alphabet has reached the stage of certainty, for even in this small number of inscriptions the alphabet seems to vary. The chief doubt is about the value of W and V (or A and A) which appear beside the symbol A on the same inscriptions; and of the dots in the middle of the Iine which are certainly not interpuncts. They may conceivably have some connexion with the dots in Venetic inscriptions, which RS Conway has endeavoured to explain. Venetic is an extinct Indo-European language that was spoken in ancient times in the central Europe from modern Slovak and Sloven territory, Histria, the southern fringe of the Alps, to the Po River delta. ...

The most striking characteristic of the group of inscriptions is that the direction of the writing in alternate lines is not merely reversed but inverted ("serpentine boustrophedon" as on the Etruscan stele of Capua of the 5th century BC). Thus if the first line consisted of the letters ABC. in that order, the next would be UQ, i.e. with each letter turned so as to face the left, and with its head downwards. This arrangement appears in some of the Venetic inscriptions also. Etruscan was a language spoken and written in the ancient region of Etruria (current Tuscany) and in parts of what are now Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna (where the Etruscans were displaced by Gauls), in Italy. ... In a vascular plant, the stele is the central part of the root or stem containing the vascular tissue. ... (6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) The 5th and 6th centuries BC are a period of philosophical brilliance among advanced civilizations. ...

The longest of the inscriptions is that from Grecchio, now preserved in the Naples Museum. The probability is that this and all the rest were epitaphs, but a translation is as yet out of the question. The stone from Castrignano gives us certain forms which seem to be recognizable as Indo-European, namely paterefo, materefo, though it is far from certain that the symbol N, which is here represented by f, really has that value. Pauli's conjecture that these inscriptions probably represented the language of some settlers from Illyria has little support except that of some coincidences in tribal and local names on the two sides of the Adriatic (e.g. "Truentum, quod solum Liburnorum in Italia relicuum est" (Pliny Nat. Hist. iii. 1 ro), -entum being a frequent Illyrian ending, and Liburni an Illyrian tribe), though it is a priori likely enough. In classical history, Illyria or Illyricum or Illyrikon was a region in the western part of todays Balkan Peninsula inhabited by the tribes and clans of Illyrians, an ancient people who probably spoke an Indo-European language (the Illyrian languages). ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19c portrait. ... A priori is a Latin phrase meaning from the former or less literally before experience. In much of the modern Western tradition, the term a priori is considered to mean propositional knowledge that can be had without, or prior to, experience. ...

For the authorities for the alphabets and the text of the inscriptions as known down to 1897, see RS Conway's Italic Dialects (Cambridge, 1897), ii. 528; and nothing has yet (1908) been added to what was written about the alphabets by Karl Pauli (Altital. Stud. iii., "Die Venter,". Leipzig, 1891, pp. 220 seq. and p. 423). Some plausible (but wholly uncertain) conjectures by W Deecke as to the meaning of some of the inscriptions may be sought in the appendix to Zvetaieff's Inscrr. Italiae inferioris dialecticae; and since 1897 a further inscription of this class has been found at Belmonte Piceno, which is preserved in the museum at Bologna and reported by Brizio in Notiz. degli scavi, 1903, p. 104.

It is to be noticed that a much longer and far more legible inscription from Novilara (now in the museum at Pesaro--a cast of it is at Bologna) sometimes spoken of as Sabellic, whose first two words are mimnis et-id, is perhaps more probably to be regarded as containing some variety of Etruscan, though its character is far from certain.

Its alphabet closely resembles Etruscan of the 4th century BC. It is a very interesting monument both for its own sake, since it is sculptured as well as inscribed (there is one--or more--hunting or pastoral scene on the back), and because the archaeological stratum (late Bronze period) of the cemetery from which it is believed to have come is clearly marked. With a companion fragment it is fully described by Brizio in Monumenti antichi, v. (1895), and it has also been discussed by Ella Lattes in Hermes (xxxi. 465 and xliii. 32). (5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) // Events Invasion of the Celts into Ireland Battle of the Allia and subsequent Gaulish sack of Rome 383 BCE Second Buddhist Councel at Vesali. ...

This article incorporates text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain. Supporters contend that the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1910-1911) represents the sum of human knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century; indeed, it was advertised as such. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...