A common misconception is that saliva contained in the mouth has natural disinfectants, which leads people to believe it is beneficial to "lick their wounds". Researchers at the University of Florida at Gainesville have discovered a protein called Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the saliva of mice. Wounds doused with NGF healed twice as fast as untreated, unlicked wounds. So in a few species, at least, saliva does have some curative powers. NGF has not been found in human saliva, but researchers do note that human spit contains such antibacterial agents as secretory IgA, lactoferrin, and lactoperoxidase. It has however not yet been shown that licking your wounds actually disinfects them.
Saliva is also known as spit. To spit or the action of spitting is also to expel saliva or other substances from the mouth. A verb for this action is to expectorate. See also:spittoon
In addition, at least one other activity is assayed, namely an activity which is expressed by all or some Listeria such as a saccharidase, a phosphatase or an aminopeptidase, which enhances the contrast between the color of colonies of Listeria monocytogenes and that of colonies of other species belonging to the same genus.
According to a preferred embodiment, the other enzyme activity expressed by all or some Listeria species is a saccharidase, a phosphatase or an aminopeptidase.
More precisely, the substrate which detects the other activity such as a saccharidase, a phosphatase or an aminopeptidase is at a concentration of between 10 mg/l and 500 mg/l, preferably between 50 and 300 mg/l, and more preferably still between 100 and 200 mg/l.
The enzymes required to effect the conversion are enzymes capable of cleaving the glucosidic linkage between the isoflavone moiety and the glucose molecule of the isoflavone glucosides.
The concentration of enzymes required to convert the isoflavone glucosides to aglucone isoflavones is dependent on a variety of factors including the type of enzymes present in the aqueous extract, distribution of enzyme concentrations, activities of the enzymes, and the pH and temperature of the extract during the conversion.
The supplemental enzymes are enzymes capable of cleaving the bond between the isoflavone moiety and the glucose molecule of the isoflavone glucosides, such as saccharidase, esterase, and gluco-amylase enzymes capable of cleaving 1,4-glucoside bonds.
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