Safrole

Safrole (chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₀O₂, IUPAC name: 5-(2-propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole), also called shikimol, is a colorless or slightly yellow oily liquid. It is typically extracted from the root-bark or the fruit of sassafras plants in the form of sassafras oil, or synthesized from other related methylenedioxy compounds. It is the principal component of brown camphor oil, and is found in small amounts in a wide variety of plants. It has a characteristic "candy-shop" aroma. Image File history File links Structural formula of Safrole, drawn myself. ... Image File history File links Structural formula of Safrole, drawn myself. ... Species Sassafras albidum Sassafras tzumu Sassafras is a genus of two species of deciduous trees in the family Lauraceae, native to eastern North America and eastern Asia. ... R-phrases 11-20/21/22-36/37/38 S-phrases 16-26-36 RTECS number EX1260000 (R) EX1250000 (S) Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ...

Its CAS number is [94-59-7][1] and its SMILES structure is C=CCc2ccc1OCOc1c2. The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ...

Safrole was once widely used as a food additive in root beer, sassafras tea, and other common goods. However, the FDA barred the use of safrole after it was shown to be mildly carcinogenic. Today, safrole is also banned for use in soap and perfumes by IFRA. Root beer is a fermented beverage made from a combination of vanilla, cherry tree bark, licorice root, sarsaparilla root, sassafras root bark, nutmeg, anise, and molasses among other ingredients. ... The United States Food and Drug Administration is the government agency responsible for regulating food, dietary supplements, drugs, cosmetics, medical devices, biologics and blood products in the United States. ... In pathology, a carcinogen is any substance or agent that promotes cancer. ... SOAP is a protocol for exchanging XML-based messages over a computer network, normally using HTTP. SOAP forms the foundation layer of the Web services stack, providing a basic messaging framework that more abstract layers can build on. ... Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, objects, and living spaces a pleasant smell. ... IFRA is the International Fragrance Association. ...

It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide. More recently, safrole has been used as the main precursor for the clandestine manufacture of MDMA (Ecstasy) and MDEA (Eve). The standard synthetic procedure for the production of MDMA from safrole is via isomerization in the presence of a strong base to isosafrole. This is then oxidised to 3,4-methylenedioxy phenyl-2-propanone. Finally a reductive amination with either methylamine (to make MDMA) or ethylamine (to make MDEA). Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a pesticide synergist. ... ecstasy and religious ecstasy MDMA, most commonly known today by the street name ecstasy, is a synthetic entactogen of the phenethylamine family whose primary effect is to stimulate the brain to rapidly secrete large amounts of serotonin, causing a general sense of openness, empathy, energy, euphoria, and well-being. ... MDEA MDEA can also be Methyl Diethanol Amine, a chemical compound used in gas treating MDEA (also MDE), which stands for 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine, is a psychedelic hallucinogenic drug and Empathogen-Entactogen of the phenethylamine family. ... ecstasy and religious ecstasy MDMA, most commonly known today by the street name ecstasy, is a synthetic entactogen of the phenethylamine family whose primary effect is to stimulate the brain to rapidly secrete large amounts of serotonin, causing a general sense of openness, empathy, energy, euphoria, and well-being. ... In chemistry, isomerization is the transformation of a molecule into a different isomer. ... Chemical structure of trans-isosafrole. ... MDP2P is a phenylacetone that has the IUPAC name 3,4-methylenedioxy phenyl-2-propanone. ... Reductive amination is a type of amination reaction which involves the conversion of a carbonyl group to an amine. ... Flash point  ? °C R/S statement R: ? S: ? RTECS number PF6300000 Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... ecstasy and religious ecstasy MDMA, most commonly known today by the street name ecstasy, is a synthetic entactogen of the phenethylamine family whose primary effect is to stimulate the brain to rapidly secrete large amounts of serotonin, causing a general sense of openness, empathy, energy, euphoria, and well-being. ... Ethylamine is a volatile amine with the molecular structure CH3CH2NH2. ... MDEA MDEA can also be Methyl Diethanol Amine, a chemical compound used in gas treating MDEA (also MDE), which stands for 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine, is a psychedelic hallucinogenic drug and Empathogen-Entactogen of the phenethylamine family. ...

It is nearly impossible to obtain large quantities of safrole and/or sassafras oil without arousing the suspicion of law enforcement, as Safrole is currently a List I chemical. Moreover, safrole is listed as a Table I precursor under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances[2]. For the band, see The Police. ... The United States Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) maintains lists regarding not only the classification of illicit drugs (see DEA Schedules). ... A precursor is something that existed before and was incorporated into something that came later. ... United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Opened for signature December 20, 1988[1] at Vienna Entered into force November 11, 1990[2] Conditions for entry into force 20 ratifications Parties 170[3] The 1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and...

External links

• EU Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances: internal aspects
• IARC Safrole, Isosafrole and dihydrosafrole