The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, named after Soviet scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, was established in December 1985 by the European Parliament as a means to honour individuals or organizations who had dedicated their lives to the defence of human rights and freedoms. State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Socialist republics/ Communist state Area  - Total  - % water Largest on the planet 22,402,200 km² Approx. ... Andrei Sakharov, 1943 Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (Андре́й Дми́триевич Са́харов, May 21, 1921 – December 14, 1989), was an eminent Soviet-Russian nuclear physicist, dissident and human rights activist. ... This article is about the year. ... The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ...

The Sakharov Prize is awarded annually on or around 10 December, the day on which the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed. December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (also UDHR) is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly (A/RES/217, December 10, 1948), outlining a view on basic human rights. ...

Recipients

Past recipients of the prize have been the following:

• 1988: Nelson Mandela and Anatoli Marchenko (posthumously)
• 1989: Alexander Dubček
• 1990: Aung San Suu Kyi
• 1991: Adem Demaci
• 1992: Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Argentina)
• 1993: Oslobođenje
• 1994: Taslima Nasrin
• 1995: Leyla Zana
• 1996: Wei Jingsheng
• 1997: Salima Ghezali
• 1998: Ibrahim Rugova
• 1999: Xanana Gusmão
• 2000: Basta Ya (España)
• 2001: Nurit Peled, Izzat Ghazzawi, Dom Zacarias Kamwenho
• 2002: Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas
• 2003: United Nations
• 2004: Belarusian Association of Journalists
• 2005: Damas de Blanco (Cuba), Reporters Without Borders and Huawa Ibrahim (ex-aequo)

1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, (born July 18, 1918), was the first President of South Africa to be elected in fully-representative democratic elections. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alexander Dubček Alexander Dubček (November 27, 1921 – November 7, 1992) was a Slovak politician and briefly leader of Czechoslovakia (1968-1969), famous for his attempt to reform the Communist regime (Prague Spring). ... This article is about the year. ... Andrew Rommelfanger born June 19, 1945 in Yangon (Rangoon), is a nonviolent pro-democracy activist in Myanmar (Burma). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... The flag of the Mothers, painted on the floor in Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The building of Oslobodjenje in 1996; only the lifts remained after the Siege of Sarajevo. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... Taslima Nasrin (Bangla: তসলিমা নাসরিন), also known as Taslima Nasreen, (born 25 August 1962 in Mymensingh, Bangladesh) is a physician, writer, radical feminist, human rights activist and secular humanist. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Leyla Zana (born 1961), is a female Kurdish human-rights activist in Turkey, who was imprisoned for speaking Kurdish in the Turkish parliament. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Wei Jingsheng Wei Jingsheng (魏京生) (born May 20, 1950) is an activist in the Chinese democracy movement most prominent for authoring the document the Fifth Modernization. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Rugova often wore a distinctive red sweater and a mottled scarf. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... President Xanana Gusmão Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão (born June 20, 1946), born José Alexandre Gusmão, is the inaugural President of the small nation of East Timor in Southeast Asia. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Spain is a constitutional monarchy, with a hereditary monarch and a bicameral parliament, the Cortes Generales or National Assembly. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... 2002 (MMII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas (born February 29, 1952 in Havana Cuba) is the founder and organizer of Proyecto Varela. External link Proyecto Varela full text in Spanish ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Belarusian Association of Journalists is a Belarusian non-governmental organisation, aiming to ensure freedom of speech and rights of receiving and distributing information and promoting professional standards of journalism ([1]). It was founded in 1995. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ladies in White (Damas de Blanco) is an opposition movement in Cuba that unites the spouses and other relatives of dissidents jailed by the regime of Fidel Castro. ... Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is an international non-governmental organization, partly financed by the US State Department and the Cuban exile group, the Center for a Free Cuba,[1] interested in issues relating to freedom of the press. ... Huawa Ibrahim is a Nigerian human rights lawyer who won the European Parliaments Sakharov Prize in 2005. ...

External links

• Speeches of laureates and the president of the EP