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Sakya is one of four major schools (Nyingma, Sakya, Kagyu and Gelug) in Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana). The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug). ...
The Kagyu (Wylie transliteration: Bka-brgyud) school, also known as the Oral Lineage and the Spotless Practice Lineage school, is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, the other three being Nyingma (Rnying-ma), Sakya (Sa-skya), and Gelug (Dge-lugs). ...
The Geluk (dge lugs) School was founded by Tsongkhapa (1357-1419), Tibets best known religious reformer and arguably its greatest philosopher. ...
A mandala used in Vajrayana Buddhist practices. ...
Origins The name Sakya (literally, Pale Earth) derives from the unique grey landscape of Ponpori Hills in southern Tibet near Shigatse, where the first monastery of this tradition was built by Khon Konchog Gyalpo (1034-1102) in 1073. The Sakya tradition developed during the second period of translation of Buddhist scripture from Sanskrit into Tibetan in the late eleventh century. The tradition was founded by the "Five Venerable Supreme Masters": Tibet (older spelling Thibet; Tibetan: བོད་, Bod, pronounced pö in Lhasa dialect; Chinese: 西è—, Pinyin: XÄ«zà ng or Chinese: è—区, Pinyin: Zà ngqÅ« [the two names are used with different connotations; see Name section below]) is a region in Central Asia and the home of the Tibetan people. ...
Shigatse (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་; Wylie transliteration: Gzhis-ka-rtse; Modified Wiley: gzhi-ka-rtse; pinyin (Tibetan): Xigazê; Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: RìkÄzé, Zhigatse [Zhi-ga-tse], and Xigatse) is the second largest city in Tibet with a population of 80,000. ...
- Sachen Kunga Nyingpo (1092 - 1158)
- Sonam Tsemo (1142 - 1182)
- Drakpa Gyaltsen (1147 - 1216)
- Sakya Pandita (1182 - 1251)
- Chogyal Pakpa (1235 - 1280)
Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (Wylie: Gro mgon Chos rgyal Phags pa; also written Dongon Choegyal Phakpa, Dromtön Chögyal Pagpa, etc. ...
Teachings Sachen, the first of the five supreme Masters, received a wealth of tantric doctrines from numerous Tibetan translators or "lotsawas" who had visited India, most importantly Drokmi Lotsawa, Bari Lotsawa and Mal Lotsawa. From Drokmi comes the supreme teaching of Sakya, the system of Lamdre (lam 'bras) or "Path and its Fruit", deriving from the siddha Virupa (Birwapa/Birupa) and based upon the Hevajra Tantra. Mal Lotsawa introduced to Sakya the esoteric Vajrayogini lineage known as "Naro Khachoma." From Bari Lotsawa came innumerable tantric practices, foremost of which was the cycle of practices known as the One Hundred Sadhanas. Other key transmissions that form part of the Sakya spiritual curriculum include the cycles of Vajrakilaya, Mahakala and Guhyasamaja. Tantra (Sanskrit: loom), tantric yoga or tantrism is any of several esoteric traditions rooted in the religions of India. ...
A traditional depiction of Marpa painted on a rock on Holy Isle, Firth of Clyde Marpa Lotsawa (1012-1097), or Marpa the translator was a Tibetan Buddhist teacher credited with the transmission of many Buddhist teachings to Tibet from India, including the teachings and lineages of vajrayana and mahamudra. ...
The fourth Sakya patriarch, Sakya Pandita, was notable for his exceptional scholarship and composed many important and influential texts on sutra and tantra, including, Clarifying the Thought of the Sage and Discriminating the Three Vows. Sutra (सूतà¥à¤°) in Sanskrit is derived from the verb siv-, meaning to sew (these words, including English to sew and Latinate suture, all derive from PIE *syÅ«-). It literally means a rope or thread, and more metaphorically refers to an aphorism (or line, rule, formula), or a collection of such aphorisms...
Subschools In due course, two subsects emerged from the main Sakya lineage, - Ngor, founded by Ngorchen Kunga Zangpo (b.1382)
- Tshar, founded by Tsarchen Losal Gyamtso (1496 - 1560)
The Bodong and Jonangpa also had strong links to Sakya. Haing S. Ngor (March 22, 1940 - February 25, 1996) was a Cambodian American physician and actor who is best known for winning an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the movie The Killing Fields, in which he portrayed journalist and refugee Dith Pran in 1970s Cambodia...
The Jonang or Jonangpa school of Tibetan Buddhism was founded in the early 14th century by Sherab Gyeltsen, a monk trained in the Sakyapa school. ...
History of the Jonangpa In the early 14th century the monk Sherab Gyeltsen broke away from the Sakyapa school and established the Jonangpa school at Jonang, about 160 km northwest of the Tashilhunpo monastery in Shigatse, There, the Jonangpa built a large monastery and constructed a printing press. The Jonangpa school had generated a number of renowned Buddhist scholars, the greatest of whom was Taranatha (1575-1634). Taranatha placed great emphasis on the Kalachakra system of tantra which became an important part of Gelugpa teaching after the Gelugpa absorbed the Jonangpa monasteries. Shigatse (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་; Wylie transliteration: Gzhis-ka-rtse; Modified Wiley: gzhi-ka-rtse; pinyin (Tibetan): Xigazê; Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: RìkÄzé, Zhigatse [Zhi-ga-tse], and Xigatse) is the second largest city in Tibet with a population of 80,000. ...
The Geluk (dge lugs) School was founded by Tsongkhapa (1357-1419), Tibets best known religious reformer and arguably its greatest philosopher. ...
Feudal lordship over Tibet In 1264 the feudal lordship over Tibet was given to Phagpa by the Mongolian emperor, Kublai Khan. Sakya lamas continued to serve as viceroys of Tibet on behalf of the Mongol emperors for nearly 75 years after Phagpa’s demise (1280), until the Emperor of China subjugated the Mongols. Kublai Khan or Khubilai Khan or the last of the great Khans 1215–1294 (also spelled as Kubilay Han in Turkic), was a Mongol military leader. ...
Sakya today The head of the Sakya school, known as Sakya Trizin ("holder of the Sakya throne"), is always drawn from the male line of the Khön family. The present Sakya Trizin, Ngawang Kunga Tegchen Palbar Samphel Wanggi Gyalpo, born in Tsedong in 1945, is the forty-first to hold that office. His Holiness resides in Rajpur, India.
The Rimé movement During the 19th century the great Sakya master and terton Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, the famous Kagyu master Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye and the important Nyingma terton Orgyen Chokgyur Lingpa founded the Rime movement, an ecumenical attempt to incorporate all teachings of all schools, to overcome the separation of Buddhist transmission in different traditions. In Tibetan Buddhism, a tertön is someone who discovers a terma, or hidden text. ...
Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (1820-1892) was a renowned teacher, scholar and tertön (treasure discoverer) of 19th century Tibet. ...
The Kagyu (Wylie transliteration: Bka-brgyud) school, also known as the Oral Lineage and the Spotless Practice Lineage school, is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, the other three being Nyingma (Rnying-ma), Sakya (Sa-skya), and Gelug (Dge-lugs). ...
The Jamgon Kongtruls ..line of incarnate Lamas begins with Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye in the 19th century. ...
The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug). ...
Chokgyur Lingpa (1829-1870). ...
The Rimé movement (Wylie: Ris-Med) is a Buddhist school of thought founded in Eastern Tibet during the late 19th century largely by Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye, the latter of whom is often respected as the founder proper. ...
This movement still influences modern Tibetan Buddhist practice through the "five great treasures" of Jamgon Kongtrul and the treasure of rediscovered teachings (Rinchen Terdzöd). The Jamgon Kongtruls ..line of incarnate Lamas begins with Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye in the 19th century. ...
See also - Tibetan Buddhism
- Jalpo Wikipedia entry by Geir Smith, (a Ngor Phende religious) about the Sakyapa deity, which deity is now the centre of controversy and furor within the Gelugpa schools, and that was forcibly used to divert the Sakyapa lineage of reincarnation of the deity. The Sakyapa role in this can calm the conflict and bring both it and the Jonang banning (below) issue to closure.
- Jonang Wikipedia entry about the banned Jonang sect of Sakya forcibly converted to Gelug by the fifth Dalai-Lama in the 17th cent.
- Kalachakra Wikipedia entry about the deity that shows it's Sakyapa nature, being the tradition of the banned Jonangpas that the Gelugpa forcibly took over.
Tibetan Buddhism — formerly also called Lamaism, after their religious gurus known as lamas — is the body of religious Buddhist doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and the Himalayan region. ...
Haing S. Ngor (March 22, 1940 - February 25, 1996) was a Cambodian American physician and actor who is best known for winning an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the movie The Killing Fields, in which he portrayed journalist and refugee Dith Pran in 1970s Cambodia...
House of Phende. ...
The Jonang or Jonangpa school of Tibetan Buddhism was founded in the early 14th century by Sherab Gyeltsen, a monk trained in the Sakyapa school. ...
Kalachakra is a term used in Tantric Buddhism that means time-wheel or time-cycles. It refers both to a Tantric deities (tib. ...
References History of the Sakya Tradition, Ganesha Press, 1993
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