 | | Salbutamol | | Systematic (IUPAC) name | | 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[1-hydroxy- 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl]phenol Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 371 pixelsFull resolution (1100 × 510 pixel, file size: 25 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ...
| | Identifiers | | CAS number | 18559-94-9 | | ATC code | R03AC02 R03CC02 | | PubChem | 2083 | | DrugBank | APRD00553 | | Chemical data | | Formula | C13H21NO3 | | Mol. mass | 239.311 | | SMILES | search in eMolecules, PubChem | | Pharmacokinetic data | | Bioavailability | ? | | Metabolism | Hepatic | | Half life | 1.6 hours | | Excretion | Renal | | Therapeutic considerations | | Pregnancy cat. | A(AU) C(US) CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ...
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
PubChem is a database of chemical molecules. ...
The DrugBank database available at the University of Alberta is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
General Name, symbol, number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...
General Name, symbol, number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ...
The molecular mass (abbreviated Mr) of a substance, formerly also called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ...
The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ...
In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ...
Drug metabolism is the metabolism of drugs, their biochemical modification or degradation, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. ...
The liver is an organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. ...
It has been suggested that Effective half-life be merged into this article or section. ...
Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of metabolism and other materials that are of no use. ...
Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ...
The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. ...
For other uses, see Australia (disambiguation). ...
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| | Legal status | Pharmacist Only (S3)(AU) ?(CA) POM(UK) ℞-only(US) The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction. ...
The Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons, abbreviated SUSDP, is a document used in the regulation of drugs and poisons in Australia. ...
For other uses, see Australia (disambiguation). ...
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A prescription drug is a licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained. ...
A prescription drug is a licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained. ...
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| | Routes | Oral, inhalational, IV | Salbutamol (INN) or albuterol (USAN) is a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and COPD. In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ...
Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of liquid substances directly into a vein. ...
An International Nonproprietary Name (INN) is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as designated by the World Health Organization. ...
United States Adopted Names are unique nonproprietary names assigned to pharmaceuticals marketed in the United States. ...
Beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists are a class of drugs used to treat asthma. ...
Bronchospasm is a difficulty in breathing caused by a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an umbrella term for a group of respiratory tract diseases that are characterized by airflow obstruction or limitation. ...
Salbutamol sulphate is usually given by the inhaled route for direct effect on bronchial smooth muscle. This is usually achieved through a metered dose inhaler (MDI), nebuliser or other proprietary delivery devices (e.g. Rotahaler or Autohaler). In these forms of delivery, the effect of Salbutamol can take place within 5 to 20 minutes of dosing. Salbutamol can also be given orally or intravenously. However, some asthmatics may not respond to these medications as they will not have the required DNA base sequence in a specific gene. A metered dose inhaler (MDI) is a device that helps deliver a specific amount of medication to the lungs. ...
In medicine, a nebulizer is a device used to administer medication to people in forms of a liquid mist to the airways. ...
An intravenous drip in a hospital Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein. ...
Salbutamol became available in the United Kingdom in 1969 and in the United States in 1980 under the trade name Ventolin. Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ...
Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ...
Clinical use
Salbutamol is specifically indicated in the following conditions: As a β2-agonist, salbutamol also finds use in obstetrics. Intravenous salbutamol can be used as a tocolytic to relax the uterine smooth muscle to delay premature labour. Whilst preferred over agents such as atosiban and ritodrine, its role has largely been replaced by the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine which is more effective, better tolerated and orally administered. [1] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a group of diseases characterized by limitation of airflow in the airway that is not fully reversible. ...
Hyperkalemia (hyper is high, kalium is the Latin name for potassium) is an elevated blood level (above 5. ...
Renal failure is the condition in which the kidneys fail to function properly. ...
A nebulizer with an attached inhaling apparatus In medicine, a nebulizer is a device used to administer medication to people in forms of a liquid mist to the airways. ...
Ipratropium is an anticholinergic drug (trade name: Atrovent®) administered by inhalation for the treatment of obstructive lung diseases. ...
Pulmozyme® (dornase alfa) is a highly purified solution of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase), an enzyme which selectively cleaves DNA. Pulmozyme hydrolyzes the DNA in sputum/mucus of CF patients and reduces viscoelasticity in the lungs, promoting improved clearance of secretions. ...
Obstetrics (from the Latin obstare, to stand by) is the surgical specialty dealing with the care of a woman and her offspring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (the period shortly after birth). ...
Tocolytics are medications used to suppress premature labor (toco refers to contractions, and lytic to removal). ...
This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ...
Cultured Smooth muscle of the aorta. ...
Premature birth is defined medically as a birth occurring earlier than 37 weeks. ...
Atosiban (Tractocile®) is an inhibitor of the hormone oxytocin, and is used in premature labor. ...
Ritodrine hydrochloride (Yutopar®) is a tocolytic drug, used to stop premature labor. ...
Nifedipine (brand name Adalat and Procardia) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. ...
Diet and Bodybuilding use Salbutamol is taken by some as an alternative to Clenbuterol for purposes of fat burning.[2]. Clenbuterol is a drug prescribed to sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. ...
Mode of action As with other β2-adrenergic receptor agonists, salbutamol binds to β2-adrenergic receptors with a higher affinity than β1-receptors. In the airway, activation of β2-receptors results in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle resulting in a widening of the airway (bronchodilation). Inhaled salbutamol sulfate has a rapid onset of action, providing relief within 5-15 minutes of administration. The airways are those parts of the respiratory system through which air flows, to get from the external environment to the alveoli. ...
A bronchus (plural bronchi, adjective bronchial) is a caliber of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs. ...
Cultured Smooth muscle of the aorta. ...
A bronchodilator is a medication intended to improve bronchial airflow. ...
In tocolysis, the activation of β2-receptors results in relaxation of uterine smooth muscle, thus delaying labour.
Adverse effects While salbutamol is well-tolerated, particularly when compared with previous therapies such as theophylline, like all medications there exists the potential for adverse drug reactions to occur - especially when in high doses, or when taken orally or intravenously. Theophylline is a methylxanthine drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as COPD or asthma under a variety of brand names. ...
Common adverse effects include: tremor, palpitations and headache. (Rossi, 2004) For the film see Tremors (film). ...
A palpitation is an abnormal, rapid beating of the heart, brought on by overexertion, disease or drugs. ...
Infrequent adverse effects include: tachycardia, muscle cramps, agitation, hypokalemia, tinnitus, hyperactivity in children, and insomnia. [1] This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Cramps are unpleasant, often painful sensations caused by contraction or over shortening, usually of muscles. ...
Hypokalemia is a potentially fatal condition in which the body fails to retain sufficient potassium to maintain health. ...
Tinnitus (IPA pronunciation: or ,[1] from the Latin word for ringing[2]) is the perception of sound in the human ear in the absence of corresponding external sound(s). ...
This article is about the sleeping disorder. ...
The (S) enantiomer of salbutamol can inhibit the anti-inflammatory effect of steroids prescribed to treat asthma. However, the (R) enantiomer stimulates the steroid's effect and the overall effect of the two isomers is unclear[3]. In chemistry, enantiomers (from the Greek á¼Î½Î¬Î½Ï„ιος, opposite, and μÎÏος, part or portion) are stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable complete mirror images of each other, much as ones left and right hands are the same but opposite. ...
| | skeletal formula of S-salbutamol | ball-and-stick model of R-salbutamol | ball-and-stick model of S-salbutamol | Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 371 pixelsFull resolution (1100 × 510 pixel, file size: 24 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
A skeletal formula is a three-dimensional model of the molecule that demonstrates the molecular shape, including bond angles. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 371 pixelsFull resolution (1100 × 510 pixel, file size: 24 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 384 pixelsFull resolution (1100 × 528 pixel, file size: 151 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
armchair conformational isomerism of Cyclohexane. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 421 pixelsFull resolution (1100 × 579 pixel, file size: 163 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Other brand names Salbutamol is sold under the brand names Aerolin, Airomir, Asthalin, Asthavent, Asmol, Buventol, ProAir, Proventil, Salamol, Sultanol, Ventolin, and Volmax.
Levalbuterol, the R-enantiomer of salbutamol, is sold as Xopenex. Levalbuterol (Xopenex®) is the R-enantiomer of the short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist albuterol. ...
Ban of CFC-Containing Albuterol Inhalers U.S. regulators have announced that albuterol inhalers containing chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) will be banned in the United States beginning in 2009. This type of asthma inhaler had previously been given "essential use" status, exempting it from a national CFC-production ban. However, GlaxoSmithKline, Ivax Corp., and other manufacturers are expected to produce adequate supplies of alternative inhalers by 2009 and will offer discounts for those who cannot afford the newer versions, which cost about $20 more.
Curiously, in the UK inhalers have been CFC free for some years now, which could bring into question the pricing issue.
References - Anabolic effects of the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist salmeterol are dependent on route of administration N. G. Moore, G. G. Pegg, and M. N. Sillence Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, Sep 1994; 267: E475 - E484.
- Schiffelers SL, Saris WH, Boomsma F, and van Baak MA. beta(1)- and beta(2)-Adrenoceptor-mediated thermogenesis and lipid utilization in obese and lean men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 2191-2199, 2001
- Effect of salbutamol on muscle strength and endurance performance in nonasthmatic men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jul;32(7):1300-6. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Feb;19(1):102-7. Oral Albuterol dosing during the latter stages of a resistance exercise program
- The effects of Albuterol and isokinetic exercise on the quadriceps muscle group.Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Nov;27(11):1471-6
- Salbutamol, a beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, increases skeletal muscle strength in young men.Martineau L, Horan MA, Rothwell NJ, Little RA
- Different Ability of Clenbuterol and Salbutamol to Block Sodium Channels Predicts Their Therapeutic Use in Muscle Excitability Disorders Jean-François Desaphy, Sabata Pierno, Annamaria De Luca, Paola Didonna, and Diana Conte Camerino Mol. Pharmacol., Mar 2003; 63: 659
- Metabolism. 1996 Jun;45(6):712-7 Effects of oral albuterol on serum lipids and carbohydrate metabolism in healthy men. Maki KC, Skorodin MS, Jessen JH, Laghi F
- ^ a b Rossi S (Ed.) (2004). Australian Medicines Handbook 2004 (AMH). Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook. ISBN 0-9578521-4-2.
- ^ Carter WJ, Lynch ME. Comparison of the effects of salbutamol and clenbuterol on skeletal muscle mass and carcass composition in senescent rats. Metabolism. 1994 Sep;43(9):1119-25.
- ^ A BBC Scare Story by Blacktriangle.
The Australian Medicines Handbook or AMH is a medical reference text commonly used in practice by health professionals (particularly general practitioners and pharmacists) in Australia. ...
External links - Volmax Drug Information (drugs.com)
- Albuterol
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