Salicornia
Salicornia europaea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Subfamily: Salicornioideae Genus: Salicornia L.
Species
See text. Download high resolution version (700x1041, 230 KB)Glasswort, Salicornia europaea. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ... Families Achatocarpaceae Aizoaceae (Fig-marigold family) Amaranthaceae (amaranth family) Ancistrocladaceae Asteropeiaceae Barbeuiaceae Basellaceae (basella family) Cactaceae (cactus family) Caryophyllaceae (carnation family) Dioncophyllaceae Droseraceae (sundew family) Drosophyllaceae Frankeniaceae Molluginaceae (carpetweed family) Nepenthaceae Nyctaginaceae (four-oclock family) Physenaceae Phytolaccaceae (pokeweed family) Plumbaginaceae (plumbago family) Polygonaceae (buckwheat family) Portulacaceae (purslane family) Rhabdodendraceae... Type Genus Amaranthus L. Subfamilies Amaranthoideae Chenopodioideae Gomphrenoideae Salicornioideae Salsoloideae The flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species. ... Genera Halopeplis Halosarcia Salicornia Sarcocornia The Salicornioideae is a subfamily of the of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae. ...

Salicornia is a genus of succulent, salt tolerant plants that grow in salt marshes, on beaches, and among mangroves. Salicornia species are native to the United States and Europe. Common names for the genus include glasswort, pickleweed, and marsh samphire; these common names are also used for some species not in Salicornia.^[1] For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Succulent plants, or succulents, are plants that store water in their enlarged fleshy leaves, stems, or roots. ... Spartina alterniflora (cordgrass), a halophyte. ... For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... An Atlantic coastal salt marsh in Connecticut. ... For other uses, see Beach (disambiguation). ... Above and below water view at the edge of the mangal. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Species See text. ... Pickleweed is a common name used for two unrelated genera of flowering plants: Batis, family Bataceae. ... Samphire is a name given to many plants that grow in coastal areas. ...

Salicornia virginica

Salicornia virginica

Salicornia virginica Photographer: John Bruno File links The following pages link to this file: Glasswort Categories: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration images ... Salicornia virginica Photographer: John Bruno File links The following pages link to this file: Glasswort Categories: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration images ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3072x2048, 2413 KB) Salicornia virginica taken at Marshlands Near Rehoboth, Brian Gratwicke 2006 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3072x2048, 2413 KB) Salicornia virginica taken at Marshlands Near Rehoboth, Brian Gratwicke 2006 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Botanical

The Salicornia species are small, usually less than 30 cm tall, succulent herbs with a jointed horizontal main stem and erect lateral branches. The leaves are small and scale-like and as such the plant may appear leafless. Many species are green, but their foliage turns red in autumn. The hermaphrodite flowers are wind pollinated, and the fruit is small and succulent and contains a single seed.^[2] Herbs: basil Herbs (IPA: hə()b, or əb; see pronunciation differences) are seed-bearing plants without woody stems, which die down to the ground after flowering. ... Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up flower in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ...

Salicornia species can generally tolerate immersion in salt water. They use the c4 pathway to take in carbon dioxide from the surrounding atmosphere. Overview of C4 carbon fixation C4 carbon fixation is one of three methods, along with C3 and CAM photosynthesis, used by land plants to fix carbon dioxide (binding the gaseous molecules to dissolved compounds inside the plant) for sugar production through photosynthesis. ...

Salicornia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the Coleophora case-bearers C. atriplicis and C. salicorniae (the latter feeds exclusively on Salicornia spp). A larval insect A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ... The order Lepidoptera is the second most speciose order in the class Insecta and includes the butterflies, moths and skippers. ... Coleophora is a very large genus of moths of the family Coleophoridae with over 750 described species. ...

Species

Nearly 60 species have been proposed for Salicornia.^[3] Some common species are:

• American, Virginia or Woody Glasswort, Salicornia virginica
• Common Glasswort, Salicornia europea
• Slender Glasswort, Salicornia maritima
• Dwarf Glasswort, Salicornia bigelovii
• Perennial Glasswort, Salicornia perennis (see Sarcocornia perennis)
• Purple Glasswort, Salicornia ramosissima

Species See text. ...

Culinary

Salicornia europaea is highly edible, either cooked or raw.^[4] In England it is one of several plants known as samphire (see also Rock samphire); the term samphire is believed to be a corruption of the French name, herbe de Saint-Pierre, which means "St. Peter's Herb."^[5] In the United States the edible species are known as sea beans.^[6] Binomial name Crithmum maritimum L. Samphire, or rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum), the sole species of the genus Crithmum, is an edible wild plant found in coastal regions of mainland Britain. ...

Samphire is usually cooked, either steamed or microwaved, and then coated in butter. After cooking, it resembles seaweed in colour, and the flavour and texture are like young spinach stems or asparagus, and despite its texture when raw, after cooking is not at all stringy or tough. Samphire is very often used as a suitably maritime accompaniment to fish or seafood. Steaming is cooking by steam. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled Microwave oven and Microwave heating. ... Spaghetti with seafood (Spaghetti allo scoglio). ...

In addition to Salicornia europaea, the seeds of Salicornia bigelovii yield a highly edible oil. Salicornia bigelovii's edibility is compromised somewhat because it contains saponins, which are toxic under certain conditions.^[4] Saponins are a class of glucosides found in plants. ...

Industrial use (historical)

See also: Soda ash and Barilla

The ashes of glasswort and saltwort plants and of kelp were long used as a source of soda ash (mainly Sodium carbonate) for glassmaking and soapmaking. The introduction of the LeBlanc process for industrial production of soda ash superseded the use of plant sources in the first half of the 19th Century. Sodium carbonate or soda ash, Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. ... Barilla Spa is one of the major Italian food companies. ... Species See text. ... Species Batis argillicola Batis californica Batis fruticosa Batis maritima Batis spinosa Batis vermiculatus The unrelated tumbleweed or Russian thistle, for the genus Salsola, is also often called saltwort. ... Insert non-formatted text hereLink title Families Alariaceae Chordaceae Laminariaceae Lessoniaceae Phyllariaceae Pseudochordaceae For other uses, see Kelp (disambiguation). ... Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda or soda ash), Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. ... This article is about the material. ... The Leblanc process was the industrial process for the production of soda ash (sodium carbonate) used throughout the 19th century. ...

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Amaranthaceae

1. ^ Salicornia, Integrated Taxonomic Information System, serial number 20646.
2. ^ Ball, Peter W. (2004). "Salicornia L.," in Flora of North America: North of Mexico Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1, Editorial Committee of the Flora of North America (Oxford University Press, 2004). ISBN 978-0195173895. Online versions retrieved July 14, 2007.
3. ^ Global Biodiversity Information Facility (2007). "Salicornia" webpage retrieved July 14, 2007.
4. ^ ^{a b} "Salicornia", page of the Plants for a Future website. Retrieved July 14, 2007.
5. ^ Davidson, Alan (2002). The Penguin Companion To Food (Penguin), p. 828. ISBN 978-0142001639.
6. ^ McGee, Harold (2004). On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Completely Revised and Updated (Scribner, New York), p. 317. ISBN 978-0684800011.

BBC Gardener's Question Time - where there is apparently some confusion between the glasswort (marsh samphire, found in Suffolk) and the rock samphire (found in Dorset). Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is a partnership designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the taxonomy of biological species. ... The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation which focusses on the availability of data on biodiversity. ... Binomial name Crithmum maritimum L. Samphire, or rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum), the sole species of the genus Crithmum, is an edible wild plant found in coastal regions of mainland Britain. ...

Biff Vernon discusses the common confusion between marsh samphire and rock samphire, and reproduces a poem on the subject by William Logan. William Logan (born 1950) is an American poet, critic and scholar. ...