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Encyclopedia > Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop's Grounds by John Constable c.1825.
Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop's Grounds by John Constable c.1825.

Salisbury Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral located in Salisbury, England. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 770 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (3176 × 2472 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 770 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (3176 × 2472 pixel, file size: 1. ... A self portrait by John Constable John Constable (11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English Romantic painter. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ... A cathedral is a religious building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic, Anglican and some Lutheran churches, which serves as a bishops seat, and thus as the central church of a diocese. ... Salisbury Cathedral by Constable. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the  United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130...

Contents

History

The cathedral has the tallest church spire in the UK, the largest cloister in England, and one of the four surviving original copies of Magna Carta. Although commonly known as Salisbury Cathedral, the official name is the Cathedral of Saint Mary. Cloister of Saint Trophimus, in Arles, France A cloister (from latin claustrum) is a part of cathedral, monastic and abbey architecture. ... Magna Carta Magna Carta (Latin for Great Charter, literally Great Paper), also called Magna Carta Libertatum (Great Charter of Freedoms), is an English charter originally issued in 1215. ...


Building commenced when the bishopric was moved to Salisbury from Old Sarum in 1220 during the tenure of Richard Poore. Due to the high water table in the new location, the cathedral was built on only four feet of foundations, and by 1258 the nave, transepts and choir were complete. The west front was ready by 1265. The cloisters and chapter house were completed around 1280. Because the cathedral was built in only 38 years, Salisbury Cathedral has a single consistent architectural style, Early English Gothic. In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... Woodcut of Old Sarum as it was during its height Old Sarum is the site of the earliest settlement of Salisbury, England, with evidence of human habitation as early as 3000 BC. It sits on a hill about two miles (3km) north of modern Salisbury on the west side of... Richard Poore (d. ... Links to full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are also found at the entry Cathedral diagram. ... Cathedral ground plan. ... The choir stalls in the quire of Bristol Cathedral, Bristol, England The choir stalls at Buxheim Priory, by Ignaz Waibl See also: Choir (disambiguation) A quire (sometimes referred to as a choir) is an area of a church or cathedral, usually in the western part of the chancel between the... Salisbury Cathedral, built c. ...


The only major sections of the cathedral built later were the, Cloisters, Chapter house, tower and spire, which at 404 feet (123 metres) dominated the skyline from 1320. While the spire is the cathedral's most impressive feature, it has also proved to be troublesome. Together with the tower, it added 6,397 tons (6,500 tonnes) to the weight of the building. Without the addition of buttresses, bracing arches and iron ties over the succeeding centuries, it would have suffered the fate of spires on other great ecclesiastical buildings (such as Malmesbury Abbey) and fallen down; instead, Salisbury is the tallest surviving pre-1400 spire in the world. To this day the large supporting pillars at the corners of the spire are seen to bend inwards under the strain. The addition of tie beams above the crossing led to a false ceiling being installed below the lantern stage of the tower. Cloister of Saint Trophimus, in Arles, France A Cloister is part of cathedrals and abbeys architecture. ... A chapter house is a building or room attached to a cathedral or collegiate church in which meetings are held. ... This article is about the architectural term. ... A modern spire on the Lancaster University Chaplaincy Centre A spire is a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building, particularly a church tower. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... The metre or meter is a measure of length. ... A buttress (and mostly concealed, a flying buttress) supporting walls at the Palace of Westminster Three different types of buttress: diagonal, on the statues plinth; an ordinary buttress supporting a flying buttress, to the right of the statue; a small ordinary buttress to the right side of the picture... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... Interior of the Abbey, showing the unusual watching-loft projecting above the nave. ... Deconstructing a Roman pillar. ... Cathedral floor plan (crossing is shaded) A crossing, in ecclesiastical architecture, refers to the junction of the four arms of a cruciform (cross-shaped) church. ...


Significant changes to the cathedral were made by the architect James Wyatt in 1790, including replacement of the original rood screen and demolition of the bell tower which stood about 320 feet (100 metres) north west of the main building. Salisbury is one of only three English cathedrals to lack a ring of bells, the others being Norwich Cathedral and Ely Cathedral. An architect at his drawing board, 1893 An architect is a person who is involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... Fonthill Abbey. ... The rood screen (also choir screen or chancel screen) is a common feature in late medieval church architecture, dividing the chancel from the nave. ... Bell Tower is an office tower in Edmonton, Canada. ... Norwich Cathedral: Spire and south transcept. ... Front of Ely Cathedral Ely Cathedral (in full, The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Ely) is the principal church of the diocese of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, England, and the seat of the Anglican Bishop of Ely. ...

The plan shows the double transepts with aisles and extended east end, but not the cloisters or chapter house.

The cathedral is the subject of famous paintings by John Constable. The view depicted in the paintings has changed very little in almost two centuries. The cathedral is also the subject of William Golding's novel "The Spire" which deals with a Dean Jocelin who makes the building of the spire his life's work. Visitors can take the "Tower Tour" where the interior of the hollow spire, with its ancient wood scaffolding, can be viewed. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x824, 171 KB)Salisbury Cathedral plan, from G. Dehio and G. von Bezold, Die Kirchliche Baukunst des Abendlandes, Stuttgart, 1887-1902, plate 424 The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x824, 171 KB)Salisbury Cathedral plan, from G. Dehio and G. von Bezold, Die Kirchliche Baukunst des Abendlandes, Stuttgart, 1887-1902, plate 424 The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United... Cathedral ground plan. ... Cloister of Saint Trophimus, in Arles, France A cloister (from latin claustrum) is a part of cathedral, monastic and abbey architecture. ... A chapter house is a building or room attached to a cathedral or collegiate church in which meetings are held. ... For building painting, see painter and decorator. ... A self portrait by John Constable John Constable (11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English Romantic painter. ... Sir William Gerald Golding (19 September 1911 – 19 June 1993) was a British novelist, poet and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature (1983), best known for his novel Lord of the Flies. ...


Chapter House and Magna Carta

The chapter house is notable for its octagonal shape, slender central pillar and decorative mediæval frieze. The frieze circles the interior, just above the stalls, and depicts scenes and stories from the books of Genesis and Exodus, including Adam and Eve, Noah, the Tower of Babel, and Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. The chapter house also displays the best-preserved of the four surviving original copies of Magna Carta. This copy came to Salisbury because Elias of Dereham, who was present at Runnymede in 1215, was given the task of distributing some of the original copies. Later, Elias became a Canon of Salisbury and supervised the construction of Salisbury Cathedral. A chapter house is a building or room attached to a cathedral or collegiate church in which meetings are held. ... Frieze of the Tower of the Winds. ... Genesis (Hebrew: , Greek: Γένεσις, meaning birth, creation, cause, beginning, source or origin) is the first book of the Torah, the Tanakh, and the Old Testament. ... Exodus is the second book of the Torah, the Tanakh, and the Old Testament. ... Michelangelos Creation of Adam, from the Sistine Chapel. ... Noahs Ark, Französischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar Szépművészeti Múzeum, Budapest. ... Engraving The Confusion of Tongues by Gustave Doré (1865), who based his conception on the Minaret of Samarra According to the narrative in Genesis Chapter 11 of the Bible, the Tower of Babel was a tower built to reach the heavens by a united humanity. ... The angel prevents the sacrifice of Isaac (Rembrandt, 1634) Abraham (Hebrew: , Standard Avraham Ashkenazi Avrohom or Avruhom Tiberian  ; Arabic: ,  ; Geez: , ) is a figure in the Bible and Quran who is by believers regarded as the founding patriarch of the Israelites and of the Nabataean people in Jewish, Christian and... An angel prevents Abraham from sacrificing Isaac Tedla in this illumation gangster from a 14th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Jacob Wrestling with the Angel – Gustave Doré, 1855 Jacob or Yaakov, (Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: يعقوب, ; holds the heel), also known as Israel (Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל, Standard  Tiberian ; Arabic: اسرائيل, ; Struggled with God), is the third Biblical patriarch. ... Magna Carta Magna Carta (Latin for Great Charter, literally Great Paper), also called Magna Carta Libertatum (Great Charter of Freedoms), is an English charter originally issued in 1215. ... Runnymede is a water-meadow alongside the River Thames in the English county of Surrey. ... Canons, Bruges A Canon of the Seminary, Sint Niklaas, Flanders. ...


Clock

The clock dating from not later than 1386 (but possibly earlier) is probably the oldest working clock in existence. The clock has no face because all clocks of that date rang the hours on a bell. It was originally located in a bell tower that was demolished in 1792. It was repaired and restored in 1956. The Salisbury Cathedral clock, a large iron-framed clock without a dial located in the aisle of Salisbury Cathedral, is almost certainly the oldest surviving mechanical clock in the world. ...


Choir

The Cathedral choir is also famous for having the first triplet Cathedral choristers. Matthew, Thomas and Ewan Stockwell were all appointed choristers in 1997 and left in 2003.


Organs and Organists

Organ

The organ was built in 1877 by Henry Willis & Sons. Reading Town Hall Organ, built by Willis in 1864, extended in 1882 and rebuilt by Harrison & Harrison in 1999 Henry Willis & Sons is a firm of pipe organ builders in the UK, examples of whose work can also be found in other countries. ...


Details of the organ from the National Pipe Organ Register


Organists

  • 1463 John Kegewyn
  • 1529 Thomas Knyght
  • 1563 Robert Chamberlayne
  • 1568 Thomas Smythe
  • 1587 John Farrant (sen)
  • 1592 John Farrant (jun)
  • 1618 Edward Tucker
  • 1629 Giles Tompkins
  • 1668 Michael Wise
  • 1689 Peter Isaacke
  • 1692 Daniel Rosingrave
  • 1700 Anthony Walkley
  • 1718 Edward Thompson
  • 1746 John Stevens
  • 1781 Robert Parry
  • 1792 Joseph Corfe
  • 1804 Arthur Thomas Corfe
  • 1863 John Elliot Richardson
  • 1881 Bertram Luard Selby
  • 1883 Charles South
  • 1916 Walter Galpin Alcock, MVO
  • 1947 David V. Willcocks, MC
  • 1950 Douglas Guest
  • 1957 Christopher Dearnley
  • 1968 Richard Seal
  • 1997 Simon Lole
  • 2005 David Halls

Richard Farrant (ca. ... Michael Wise (1648–1687) was an English organist and composer. ... Sir David Willcocks (b. ...

Images


See also

From the year 1311 until the advent of the skyscraper, Christian churches were among the tallest buildings in the world. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
List of Anglican Cathedrals in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Anglican Communion


Coordinates: 51°03′53″N, 1°47′51″W The Anglican Communion uses the compass rose as its symbol, signifying its worldwide reach and decentralized nature. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Salisbury - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (830 words)
Salisbury (pronounced 'Solsbree' or 'Sauls-bree') is a small cathedral city in Wiltshire, England.
It is the main town in the Salisbury district.
Salisbury railway station serves the town, and is the crossing point between the West of England Main Line and the Wessex Main Line making it a regional interchange.
Salisbury Cathedral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (519 words)
Originally monastic, the cathedral boasts the tallest church spire in the UK, the largest cloister in England, and one of the four surviving original copies of the Magna Carta.
Significant (and very controversial) changes to the cathedral were made by the architect James Wyatt in 1790, including replacement of the original choir screen and demolition of the bell tower which stood about 320 feet (100 metres) north west of the main building.
Salisbury is one of only three English cathedrals to lack a ring of bells, the others being Norwich Cathedral and Ely Cathedral.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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