Salt Riot in Kolomenskoe, by N. Nekrasov

The Salt Riot, also known as the Moscow Uprising of 1648 (Соляной бунт, Московское восстание 1648 in Russian), was a riot in Moscow in 1648, triggered by the government's substitution of different taxes with a universal direct salt tax for the purpose of replenishing the state treasury, which, in turn, made salt a much more expensive commodity. Kolomenskoye (Коломенское) is a former royal estate situated several miles to the south-east of Moscow downtown, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna (hence the name). ... Riots in Newark, New Jersey Riots occur when crowds of people have gathered and are committing crimes or acts of violence. ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen â–¶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... // Events Peace treaty signed at Westphalia ends the Thirty Years War. ... Jump to: navigation, search A tax is a compulsory charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e. ... Jump to: navigation, search In chemistry, salt is a term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... A treasury is the part of a government which manages all money and revenue. ...

The beginning of the Salt Riot

The indignation of peasants and townsfolk forced the government to abolish this new way of taxation, but the previous arrears, however, were being collected for the past three years all at once. On June 1 of 1648, upon Alexei I's return to Moscow from his trip to Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra, a crowd of townspeople surrounded the tsar and complained about the boyars and prikaz officials. The royal bodyguards started dispersing the crowd, pushing them away from the tsar. This caused a major outbreak of anger among the people. On June 2, most of the Streltsy joined the rebelling citizens. The insurgents burst into the Moscow Kremlin and demanded the surrender of Leontiy Pleshcheyev (head of Zemsky Prikaz and Moscow police department), Duma diak Nazar Chistoy (salt tax initiator), boyar Boris Morozov (actual head of government) and his brother-in-law Pyotr Trakhaniotov (head of Cannon Prikaz). The tsar was forced to surrender Leontius Pleshcheyev to the people on June 3, who would be soon executed. The rebels set fire to the White City and Kitai-gorod and sacked some 70 households of the most hated boyars, diaks, okolnichys, and merchants, killing Nazar Chistoy. Pyotr Trakhaniotov tried to escape, but was soon apprehended and executed on June 5. In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: the 16th century was a good time for European peasants A peasant, from 15th... Arrears, or arrearages is a legal term for the type of debt accrued after missing an expected payment. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov (In Russian Алексей Михаилович Романов) (March 9, 1629 (O.S.) - January 29, 1676 (O.S.)) was a Tsar of Russia during some of the most eventful decades of the mid-17th century. ... Jump to: navigation, search View of the lavra in the 1890s. ... Jump to: navigation, search Tsar (Bulgarian цар, Russian царь, listen â–¶(?); often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the Bulgarian Empire in 913-1396/1422 and 1908-1946, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in... Jump to: navigation, search A boyar (also spelt bojar; Romanian: boier) was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Russian and Romanian aristocracy, second only to the ruling princes, from the 10th through the 17th century. ... Prikaz (Russian: ) was an administrative (palace, civil, military, or church) or judicial office in Muscovy and Russia of 15th-18th centuries. ... A bodyguard is a person who protects someone (known as their principal) from personal assault, kidnapping, assassination, loss of confidential information, or other threats. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2 June is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... Streltsy (Стрельцы in Russian), a unit of Russian guardsmen in the 16th - early 18th centuries, armed with firearms. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Moscow Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (Russian: Московский Кремль) is the best known kremlin (Russian citadel). ... A car of the Devon and Cornwall Constabulary, England Police forces are government organisations charged with the responsibility of maintaining law and order. ... Jump to: navigation, search A Duma (Ду́ма in Russian) is any of various representative assemblies in modern Russia and Russian history. ... Podyachy or podyachiy (Russian: ; from Greek hypodiakonos, assistant servant) is an office (bureaucratic) occupation in prikazes (local and upper governmental offices) and lesser local offices of Russia in 15th-18th centuries. ... Boris Ivanovich Morozov (Борис Иванович Морозов in Russian) (1590 - 1661), Russian statesman and boyar, head of the government in mid 17th century. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 3 is the 154th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (155th in leap years), with 211 days remaining. ... Iverskiye Gates leading to Red Square are the only extant gates of the Kitai-gorod wall. ... The household is the basic unit of analysis in many microeconomic and government models. ... Okolnichiy (Окольничий in Russian) was an old rank and a position at the court of Russian rulers from the Mongol invasion of Russia until the government reform undertaken by Peter the Great. ... Merchants function as professional traders, dealing in commodities that they do not produce themselves. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ...

The second phase of the riot

Salt Riot in Moscow Kremlin by E. Lissner

On June 6, the Streltsy withdrew from the unrest due to receiving the belated allowance and promises of salary increase. Boris Morozov, however, was relieved from his post by the tsar and sent to Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery on June 11. After that, the uprising gradually began to fade away, partly because of the ravaging fires. Soon, however, the provincial nobility, big merchants, and top posad people seized the initiative and came out with a petition demanding the convocation of the zemsky sobor, salary distribution, increase of time limits for search of the runaway peasants etc. These demands, however, were very narrow in their scope and were aimed at the reinforcement of serfdom without meeting the needs of other categories of people. Upon Morozov's removal, a new anti-Morozov boyar group came to power, led by Prince Yakov Cherkassky and boyar Nikita Romanov. They began distributing money and lands to the dvoryane and made a few concessions to the remaining rebels, including the postponement of collection of arrears on June 12. The government’s measures widened the split among the rebels, and soon many of the leaders of the uprising were arrested and executed on July 3. On October 22, Boris Morozov was summoned to Moscow and appointed head of the Russian government yet again. Jump to: navigation, search The Moscow Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (Russian: Московский Кремль) is the best known kremlin (Russian citadel). ... Jump to: navigation, search June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, properly translated in English as The Assumption monastery of St Cyril, has always rivalled the Solovetsky Monastery as the strongest fortress and the richest landowner of the Russian North. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 11 is the 162nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (163rd in leap years), with 203 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search A large bonfire. ... Dvoryanstvo (Russian: дворянство) refers to a category of Russian nobility. ... A posad (посад) was a settlement, often rounded by bulwarks and a moat, by a town or a kremlin, but outside the town/kremlin, or by a monastery in the 10th to 15th centuries. ... Look up Petition in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A petition is a request to an authority, most commonly a government official or public entity. ... The zemsky sobor (Russian: зе́мский собо́р) was the first Russian parliament of the feudal Estates type, in the 16th and 17th centuries. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Jump to: navigation, search The House of Romanov (Рома́нов, pronounced Ro-MAH-nof) was the second and last imperial dynasty of Russia, which ruled Muscovy and the Russian Empire for five generations from 1613 to 1762. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining. ...

The end of the riot

Sporadic rebellions, triggered by the Salt Riot in Moscow, continued to take place throughout Russia, but they would all die down by January of 1649 with the adoption of the Sobornoye Ulozheniye (Legal Code), which satisfied most of the demands posed by the nobility. Jump to: navigation, search January, from the Très riches heures du duc de Berry January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Jump to: navigation, search // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ...

See also

• Copper Riot
• Plague Riot