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Encyclopedia > Samantha Smith
For the English tennis player, see Samantha Smith (tennis).
Samantha Smith

Samantha Smith
Born June 29, 1972(1972-06-29)
Houlton, Maine, U.S.
Died August 25, 1985 (aged 13)
Lewiston-Auburn, Maine, U.S.
Occupation Peace activist, child actor

Samantha Reed Smith (born June 29, 1972, in Houlton, Maine, died August 25, 1985, in Lewiston-Auburn, Maine) was an American schoolgirl from Manchester, Maine who became famous in the Cold War-era United States and Soviet Union. In 1982, Smith wrote a letter to the newly appointed Soviet Communist Party General Secretary Yuri Andropov, and received a personal reply which included a personal invitation to visit the Soviet Union, which she accepted. Samantha Smith (born November 27, 1971) was an English tennis player who now commentates on the game, predominantly for the BBC. Sam was born in Loughton, Essex and attended the University of Exeter where she achieved a degree in history. ... Samantha Smith, Manchester, Maine, July 23, 1983. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location of town of Houlton in state of Maine Houlton is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, on the United States-Canada border, located at . ... Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 39th  - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²)  - Width 210 miles (338 km)  - Length 320 miles (515 km)  - % water 13. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... The city of Lewiston to the right, with the twin-city of Auburn on the left. ... Location in Androscoggin County, Maine Coordinates: Counties Androscoggin County Area    - City {{{area_total}}} km²  - Land 59. ... Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 39th  - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²)  - Width 210 miles (338 km)  - Length 320 miles (515 km)  - % water 13. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... A peace activist is a political activist who strives for peace, and against war. ... The term child actor is generally applied to a child acting in motion pictures or television, but also to an adult who began his or her acting career as a child; to avoid confusion the latter is also called a former child actor. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location of town of Houlton in state of Maine Houlton is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, on the United States-Canada border, located at . ... is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... The city of Lewiston to the right, with the twin-city of Auburn on the left. ... Location in Androscoggin County, Maine Coordinates: Counties Androscoggin County Area    - City {{{area_total}}} km²  - Land 59. ... Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 39th  - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²)  - Width 210 miles (338 km)  - Length 320 miles (515 km)  - % water 13. ... Manchester is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, located at 44. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... Joseph Stalin, first General Secretary The General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (First Secretary in 1953-1966) was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenins death in 1924. ... Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (Russian: , Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov) (June 15 [O.S. June 2] 1914 – February 9, 1984) was a Soviet politician and General Secretary of the CPSU from November 12, 1982 until his death just fifteen months later. ...


Smith attracted extensive media attention in both countries as a "Goodwill Ambassador", and became known as "America's Youngest Ambassador" participating in peacemaking activities in Japan.[1] She wrote a book and co-starred in a television series, before her death at the age of 13 in the Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 plane crash. Lime Street cast photo Lime Street was a short-lived television series that aired on the ABC television network in the United States during the 1985 television season. ... Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 was a scheduled flight from Boston Logan International to Bangor International on August 25, 1985. ...

Contents

Historical context

When Yuri Andropov succeeded Leonid Brezhnev as leader of the Soviet Union in November 1982, the mainstream Western newspapers and magazines ran numerous front page photographs and articles about him. Most coverage was negative, and tended to a perception of a new threat to the stability of the Western world. Andropov had been the Soviet Ambassador to Hungary during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, and began his tenure as Soviet leader by strengthening the powers of the KGB, and by suppressing dissidents.[2] Andropov declared "the struggle for human rights was a part of a wide-ranging imperialist plot to undermine the foundation of the Soviet state".[3] Much international tension surrounded both Soviet and American efforts to develop weapons capable of being launched from satellites in orbit. Both governments had extensive research and development programs to develop such technology. However, both nations were coming under increasing pressure to disband the project. In America, president Ronald Reagan came under pressure from a lobby of U.S. scientists and arms experts, while in Russia, public opinion forced the issue of a government statement that read, "To prevent the militarization of space is one of the most urgent tasks facing mankind".[4] Brezhnev redirects here. ... Combatants Soviet Union ÁVH Hungarian government, various nationalist militias Commanders Yuri Andropov Pál Maléter, Béla Király, Gergely Pongrátz, József Dudás Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks 100,000+ demonstrators (some later armed), unknown number of soldiers Casualties 720 killed according to official... This article is about the KGB of the Soviet Union. ... For other uses, please see Satellite (disambiguation) A satellite is an object that orbits another object (known as its primary). ... Two bodies with a slight difference in mass orbiting around a common barycenter. ... Reagan redirects here. ...


During this period, large anti-nuclear protests were taking place across Europe and North America, while the November 20, 1983 screening of ABC's post-nuclear war dramatization The Day After became one of the most anticipated media events of the decade.[5] is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American television network. ... The Titan II ICBM carried a 9 Mt W53 warhead, making it one of the most powerful nuclear weapons fielded by the United States during the Cold War. ... This article is about the 1983 TV movie about nuclear war. ...


The two superpowers had now abandoned their tactic of détente, and, in response to the Soviet deployment of SS-20s, Reagan moved to deploy cruise and Pershing II missiles to Europe. By this time, the Soviet Union had been involved in a war in Afghanistan for three years; a matter which was also contributing to international tension. In this atmosphere, on November 22, 1982, Time magazine published an issue with Andropov on the cover. When Smith viewed the edition, she asked her mother, "If people are so afraid of him, why doesn't someone write a letter asking whether he wants to have a war or not?" Her mother replied, "Why don't you?"[6] Détente is a French term, meaning a relaxing or easing; the term has been used in international politics since the early 1970s. ... The RT-21M Pioneer was a medium-range ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead deployed by the Soviet Union from 1976 to 1988. ... A Taurus KEPD 350 cruise missile of the German Luftwaffe A cruise missile is a guided missile which carries an explosive payload and uses a lifting wing and a propulsion system, usually a jet engine, to allow sustained flight; it is essentially a flying bomb. ... The Pershing II Missile during a test flight The MGM-31 Pershing was a solid-fueled two-stage inertially guided medium range ballistic missile used by the U.S. Armys Missile Command. ... A Soviet soldier on guard in Afghanistan in 1988. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... TIME redirects here. ...


Life

Samantha Smith was born on June 29, 1972 in the small town of Houlton, Maine on the Canada–United States border where she lived with her parents, Arthur and Jane. At the age of five she wrote a letter to Queen Elizabeth II to express her admiration to the monarch. When Smith had finished second grade in 1980, the family moved to Manchester, Maine, where she attended Manchester Elementary School. Her father taught literature and writing at the University of Maine at Augusta[4] while her mother worked as a social worker with the Maine Department of Human Services. is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location of town of Houlton in state of Maine Houlton is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, on the United States-Canada border, located at . ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... Manchester is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, located at 44. ... The University of Maine at Augusta, established in 1965 as a member of the University of Maine system, is the largest university in the system of eight Maine colleges. ... A social worker is a person employed in the administration of charity, social service, welfare, and poverty agencies, advocacy, or religious outreach programs. ...


In November 1982, when Smith was 10 years old, she wrote to Soviet leader Yuri Andropov, seeking to understand why the relations between the Soviet Union and the United States were so tense:[7] Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (Russian: , Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov) (June 15 [O.S. June 2] 1914 – February 9, 1984) was a Soviet politician and General Secretary of the CPSU from November 12, 1982 until his death just fifteen months later. ...

Dear Mr. Andropov,
My name is Samantha Smith. I am ten years old. Congratulations on your new job. I have been worrying about Russia and the United States getting into a nuclear war. Are you going to vote to have a war or not? If you aren't please tell me how you are going to help to not have a war. This question you do not have to answer, but I would like to know why you want to conquer the world or at least our country. God made the world for us to live together in peace and not to fight.
Sincerely,
"Samantha Smith"

Her letter was published in the Soviet newspaper Pravda.[8] Samantha was happy to discover that her letter had been published, however, she had not received a reply. She then sent a letter to the Soviet Union's Ambassador to the United States asking if Mr. Andropov intended to respond. On April 26, 1983 she received a response from Andropov:[9] For other uses, see Pravda (disambiguation). ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ...

Dear Samantha,
I received your letter, which is like many others that have reached me recently from your country and from other countries around the world.
It seems to me – I can tell by your letter – that you are a courageous and honest girl, resembling Becky, the friend of Tom Sawyer in the famous book of your compatriot Mark Twain. This book is well known and loved in our country by all boys and girls.
You write that you are anxious about whether there will be a nuclear war between our two countries. And you ask are we doing anything so that war will not break out.
Your question is the most important of those that every thinking man can pose. I will reply to you seriously and honestly.
Yes, Samantha, we in the Soviet Union are trying to do everything so that there will not be war on Earth. This is what every Soviet man wants. This is what the great founder of our state, Vladimir Lenin, taught us.
Soviet people well know what a terrible thing war is. Forty-two years ago, Nazi Germany, which strove for supremacy over the whole world, attacked our country, burned and destroyed many thousands of our towns and villages, killed millions of Soviet men, women and children.
In that war, which ended with our victory, we were in alliance with the United States: together we fought for the liberation of many people from the Nazi invaders. I hope that you know about this from your history lessons in school. And today we want very much to live in peace, to trade and cooperate with all our neighbors on this earth—with those far away and those near by. And certainly with such a great country as the United States of America.
In America and in our country there are nuclear weapons—terrible weapons that can kill millions of people in an instant. But we do not want them to be ever used. That's precisely why the Soviet Union solemnly declared throughout the entire world that never–never–will it use nuclear weapons first against any country. In general we propose to discontinue further production of them and to proceed to the abolition of all the stockpiles on earth.
It seems to me that this is a sufficient answer to your second question: 'Why do you want to wage war against the whole world or at least the United States?' We want nothing of the kind. No one in our country– neither workers, peasants, writers nor doctors, neither grown-ups nor children, nor members of the government–want either a big or 'little' war.
We want peace—there is something that we are occupied with: growing wheat, building and inventing, writing books and flying into space. We want peace for ourselves and for all peoples of the planet. For our children and for you, Samantha.
I invite you, if your parents will let you, to come to our country, the best time being this summer. You will find out about our country, meet with your contemporaries, visit an international children's camp – 'Artek' – on the sea. And see for yourself: in the Soviet Union, everyone is for peace and friendship among peoples.
Thank you for your letter. I wish you all the best in your young life.
"Y. Andropov"
Front cover of "Journey to the Soviet Union".
Front cover of "Journey to the Soviet Union".

A media circus ensued, with Smith being interviewed by Ted Koppel[10] and Johnny Carson, among others, and with nightly reports by the major American networks. On July 7, 1983, she flew to Moscow with her parents, and spent two weeks as Andropov's guest. During the trip she visited Moscow and Leningrad and spent time in Artek the main Soviet pioneer camp in the town of Gurzuf on the Crimean Peninsula. Smith wrote in her book that in Leningrad she and her parents were amazed by the friendliness of the people and by the presents many people made for them. Speaking at a Moscow press conference, she declared that the Russians were "just like us".[11] In Artek, Smith chose to stay with the Soviet children rather than take the privileged accommodation offered to her. For ease of communication, teachers and children with fluent English were chosen to stay in the building where she was lodged. Smith shared a dormitory with nine other girls, and spent her time there swimming, talking and learning Russian songs and dances. While there, she made many friends, including Natasha Kashirina from Leningrad, a fluent English speaker. Mark Twains series of books featuring the fictional character Tom Sawyer include: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885) Tom Sawyer Abroad (1894) Tom Sawyer, Detective (1896) Tom Sawyer also appears in at least three unfinished Twain works, Huck and Tom Among the Indians, Schoolhouse... Mark Twains series of books featuring the fictional character Tom Sawyer include: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885) Tom Sawyer Abroad (1894) Tom Sawyer, Detective (1896) Tom Sawyer also appears in at least three unfinished Twain works, Huck and Tom Among the Indians, Schoolhouse... Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),[1] better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American humanist,[2] humorist, satirist, lecturer and writer. ... Lenin redirects here. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Germany Romania Finland Italy Hungary Slovakia  Soviet Union Commanders Adolf Hitler Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb Fedor von Bock Gerd von Rundstedt Heinz Guderian Günther von Kluge Franz Halder Ion Antonescu C.G.E. Mannerheim Giovanni Messe, CSIR Italo Garibaldi, ARMIR Iosef Stalin Kliment Voroshilov Semyon Timoshenko Fyodor Kuznetsov... This article is about the independent states that comprised the Allies. ... Look up Liberation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... U.S. and USSR/Russian nuclear weapons stockpiles, 1945-2006 Nuclear disarmament is the proposed dismantling of nuclear weapons, particularly those of the United States and the Soviet Union (later Russia) targeted on each other. ... Arteks logo since 1990s Artek (Russian: Арте́к) was the All-Union and international Young Pioneer camp in the Soviet Union. ... Image File history File links Journey_to_the_Soviet_Union. ... Image File history File links Journey_to_the_Soviet_Union. ... Media circus is a pejorative description of the media. ... Photo by Bob DAmico/ABC Ted Koppel, anchor of the ABC News program Nightline. ... For other persons named John Carson, see John Carson (disambiguation). ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Leningrad (Russian: Ленинград) may mean: St. ... Arteks logo since 1990s Artek (Russian: Арте́к) was the All-Union and international Young Pioneer camp in the Soviet Union. ... Gurzuf (Russian:Гурзу́ф) is a settlement on the Crimea peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... Motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ñ†Ð²ÐµÑ‚ание в единстве(Russian) Protsvetanie v edinstve(transliteration) Prosperity in unity Anthem: ÐÐ¸Ð²Ñ‹ и горы твои волшебны, Родина(Russian) Nivy i gory tvoi volshebny, Rodina(transliteration) Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Location of Crimea (red) with respect to Ukraine (light blue). ...


Andropov, however, was unable to meet with her during her visit,[12] although they did speak by telephone. It was later discovered that Andropov had become seriously ill and had withdrawn from the public eye during this time.[13] Smith also received a phone call from Russian cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman to orbit the Earth. However, not realizing with whom she was speaking, Samantha mistakenly hung up after only a brief conversation.[14] Media followed her every step—photographs and articles about her were published by the main Soviet newspapers and magazines throughout her trip and after it. Smith became widely known to Soviet citizens and was well regarded by many of them. In the United States, the event drew suspicion and some regarded it as an "American-style public relations stunt".[15] 1963 USSR postage stamp depicting Valentina Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: ; born March 6, 1937), is a retired Soviet cosmonaut and was the first woman to fly in space, aboard Vostok 6 on the 16th of June 1963. ...


Smith's return to the U.S. on July 22, 1983 was celebrated by the people of Maine with roses, a red carpet, and a limousine[16] and her popularity continued to grow in her native country. Some critics at the time remained skeptical, believing Smith was unwittingly serving as an instrument of Soviet propaganda.[17][16] In December 1983, continuing in her role as "America's Youngest Ambassador", she was invited to Japan,[18] where she met with the Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone and attended the Children's International Symposium in Kobe. In her speech at the symposium, she suggested that Soviet and American leaders exchange granddaughters for two weeks every year, arguing that a president "wouldn't want to send a bomb to a country his granddaughter would be visiting".[19] Her trip inspired other exchanges of child goodwill ambassadors,[20] including a visit by the eleven year old Soviet child Katya Lycheva to the United States.[21] Later, Smith wrote a book called Journey to the Soviet Union. is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 39th  - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²)  - Width 210 miles (338 km)  - Length 320 miles (515 km)  - % water 13. ... Yasuhiro Nakasone (中曽根 康弘 Nakasone Yasuhiro, b. ... This article is about the Japanese city. ... Katya Lycheva (Russian: Катя Лычева) (born 1975) served as a Soviet child-ambassador to the United States in 1986. ...


Smith pursued her role as a media celebrity when in 1984, she hosted a children's special for the Disney Channel entitled "Samantha Smith Goes To Washington...Campaign '84".[22] The show covered politics, where Smith interviewed several candidates for the 1984 presidential election, including George McGovern and Jesse Jackson. Her fame resulted in Smith becoming the subject of stalker Robert John Bardo, the man who would later go on to stalk and ultimately murder My Sister Sam actress Rebecca Schaeffer.[23] In 1985 she co-starred with Robert Wagner in a television series called Lime Street.[24][25] For the Disney Channel in other countries, see Disney Channel around the world. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine George Stanley McGovern, (born July 19, 1922) is a former United States Representative, Senator, and Democratic presidential nominee. ... Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr. ... Stalking means criminally following or similarly harassing a person over an extended period. ... Robert John Bardo ( born January 2, 1970) was an American criminal formerly serving life without parole for the highly publicized murder of actress Rebecca Schaeffer in 1989, whom he had stalked for several years beforehand. ... My Sister Sam was a CBS sitcom which ran from 1986 to 1988. ... Rebecca Lucile Schaeffer (November 6, 1967 – July 18, 1989) was an actress who was shot and killed by Robert John Bardo, prompting the passage of anti-stalking laws in California. ... For other persons named Robert Wagner, see Robert Wagner (disambiguation). ... Lime Street cast photo Lime Street was a short-lived television series that aired on the ABC television network in the United States during the 1985 television season. ...


Death

Samantha Smith statue by the Maine State Museum in Augusta.
Samantha Smith statue by the Maine State Museum in Augusta.

On August 25, 1985, Smith was returning home with her father after filming a segment for Lime Street aboard Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808. While attempting to land at Lewiston-Auburn Regional Airport in Auburn, Maine, the Beechcraft 99 commuter plane struck some trees 4,007 feet (1,221 m) short of the runway and crashed, killing all six passengers and two crew on board.[26] Much speculation regarding the cause of the accident circulated afterwards. Accusations of foul play circulated widely in the Soviet Union.[27][28] An investigation was undertaken in the United States and the official report—which did not show evidence of foul play—was made public. As stated in the report, the accident occurred at about 22:05 EDT, the ground impact point located one mile (1.6 km) south-west of the airport, at 44°02′22″N, 70°17′30″W. The report goes on to say, "The relatively steep flight path angle and the attitude (the orientation of the aircraft relative to the horizon, direction of motion etc.) and speed of the airplane at ground impact precluded the occupants from surviving the accident."[29] The main point of the report was that it was a rainy night, the pilots were inexperienced, and an accidental, but not uncommon and not usually critical, ground radar failure occurred. This despite the fact that the investigation revealed both the captain's altimeter and the co-pilot's alitmeter were incorrectly configured and not synchronized. The pilot's altimeter was set 180 feet too low, while the co-pilot's reading was off by 120 feet. is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 was a scheduled flight from Boston Logan International to Bangor International on August 25, 1985. ... Auburn/Lewiston Municipal Airport, (IATA: LEW, ICAO: KLEW) in Auburn, Maine, is a public airport. ... Location in Androscoggin County, Maine Coordinates: Counties Androscoggin County Area    - City {{{area_total}}} km²  - Land 59. ... The Beechcraft Model 99 is similar to the King Air 200 but is not presurized civilian aircraft produced by the Beech Aircraft Corporation (now Raytheon). ... Eastern Daylight Time or EDT is equal to: In North America, Eastern Standard Time + 1, or UTC − 4 hours. ... Aircraft attitude is used to mean two closely related aspects of the situation of an aircraft in flight. ... For other uses, see Radar (disambiguation). ... Diagram showing the face of a three-pointer sensitive aircraft altimeter displaying altitude in feet. ...


Samantha Smith was mourned by about 1,000 people at her funeral in Augusta, Maine, and was eulogized in Moscow as a champion of peace. Attendees included Robert Wagner and Vladimir Kulagin of the Soviet Embassy in Washington, who read a personal message of condolence from Mikhail Gorbachev,[30] while President Reagan sent his condolences to Smith's mother, writing, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev[1] (Russian: , IPA: ; born 2 March 1931) is a Russian politician. ...

"Perhaps you can take some measure of comfort in the knowledge that millions of Americans, indeed millions of people, share the burdens of your grief. They also will cherish and remember Samantha, her smile, her idealism and unaffected sweetness of spirit."[31]

Smith and her father are buried near Houlton, where she was born.


Tributes

1985 USSR Stamp with "Samantha Smith" in Cyrillic.
1985 USSR Stamp with "Samantha Smith" in Cyrillic.

Smith's contributions have been honored with a number of tributes by Russians and by the people of her home state of Maine. A monument to her was built in Moscow; "Samantha Smith Alley" in the Artek Young Pioneer camp was named after her in 1986.[32] The monument built to Smith was stolen by metal thieves in 2003 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In 2003, Voronezh retiree Valentin Vaulin built a monument to her without any support from the government.[33] The Soviet Union issued a commemorative stamp with her likeness. In 1986, when Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Chernykh discovered asteroid 3147, she named it 3147 Samantha.[34][35] The Danish composer Per Nørgård wrote his 1985 viola concerto "Remembering Child" in memory of Smith.[36] A diamond found in Siberia,[37] a mountain in the former Soviet Union,[38] a cultivar of tulips and of dahlias, and an ocean vessel have been named in Smith's honor.[1] In Maine, the first Monday in June of each year is officially designated as Samantha Smith Day by state law.[39] There is a bronze statue of Smith near the Maine State Museum in Augusta, which portrays Smith releasing a dove with a bear cub resting at her feet.[40] The bear cub represents both Maine and Russia. Elementary schools in Sammamish, Washington[41] and in Jamaica, New York[42] have been named after Samantha. In October of 1985, Smith's mother founded the Samantha Smith Foundation,[43] which fostered student exchanges between the United States and the Soviet Union until it became dormant in 1995.[17]
The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages; (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ... Voronezh (Russian: ) is a large city in southwestern Russia, not far from Ukraine. ... This 1998 stamp of the Faroe Islands marks the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. ... For other uses, see Asteroid (disambiguation). ... 3147 Samantha is a main belt asteroid, discovered by Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh on 1976 December 16. ... Per NørgÃ¥rd (b. ... This article is about the mineral. ... This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ... [[Media:Example. ... Species 30 species, 20,000 cultivars Dahlia is a genus of bushy, summer- and autumn-flowering, tuberous perennial plants native to Mexico, where they are the national flower. ... A passenger ship is a ship whose primary function is to carry passengers. ... State law, in the United States, is the law of each separate U.S. state, as passed by the state legislature and signed into law by the state governor. ... Subfamilies see article text Feral Rock Pigeon beside Weiming Lake, Peking University Dove redirects here. ... Location of Sammamish in Washington. ... Jamaica, now a neighborhood in Queens, New York City, was settled as a town by the English under Dutch rule in 1656 in New Netherland. ...


Citations

  1. ^ a b Saint-André, Yvette Irène. Remember Samantha Smith: Goodwill Ambassador. U.S. Embassy in Moscow. Retrieved on 2008-02-27.
  2. ^ Burns, John M. "The Emergence of Yuri Andropov". New York Times, 06-11-1983. Retrieved on 04-01-08
  3. ^ Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin. "The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West". Gardners Books, 2000. ISBN 0-14-028487-7
  4. ^ a b "Pen Pals". Time Magazine, May 09, 1983. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.
  5. ^ Emmanuel, Susan. "The Day After". The Museum of Broadcast Communications. Retrieved on April 14, 2008.
  6. ^ Press. www.SamanthaSmith.info. Retrieved on 2008-02-26.
  7. ^ Samantha's Letter. www.SamanthaSmith.Info. Retrieved on 2008-03-03.
  8. ^ Chazanov, Mathis. "PRAVDA says it has letters from America", The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1983-04-12, pp. E16. 
  9. ^ Yuri Andropov's Response. www.SamanthaSmith.Info. Retrieved on 2008-03-03.
  10. ^ Koppel, Ted (2004-12-23). A Nightline Moment From 1983. Retrieved on 2008-02-25.
  11. ^ Krauthammer, Charles. "Deep Down, We're All Alike, Right? Wrong", Time, 1983-08-15. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  12. ^ "Andropov Is Too Busy To Meet Maine Girl", The New York Times, 1983-07-21. Retrieved on 2008-03-03. 
  13. ^ Smith, William E. "Soviet Union Sick Leave", Time, 1985-02-04. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  14. ^ "An American girl gets a telephone call from a former cosmonaut", The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1983-07-15, p. A03. 
  15. ^ Moats, Alice-Leone. "Yes, Samantha, there's a Soviet bear", The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1983-07-12, p. A11. 
  16. ^ a b "From Russia back to 'regular things'", The New York Times, 1983-07-23. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  17. ^ a b "Samantha Smith remembered on 20th anniversary of Soviet visit", USA Today.com, 2003-7-14. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  18. ^ "Andropov's Pen Pal Is Off to See Japanese", The New York Times, 1983-12-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-03. 
  19. ^ Samantha's address to the Children's Symposium 1983 December 26. samanthasmith.info. Retrieved on 2006-04-25.
  20. ^ Hauss, Charles. "Beyond Confrontation: Transforming the New World Order". Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1996. p. 244. ISBN 0-2759-4615-0
  21. ^ Garcia, Guy D. "People", 1986-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  22. ^ February 1984 issue, Disney Channel Magazine
  23. ^ Snow, Robert L. (1998). Stopping a Stalker: A Cop's Guide to Making the System Work for You. Da Capo Press, p. 72. ISBN 0306457857. Retrieved on 2005-02-25. 
  24. ^ "Samantha, SOV visitor, going on TV", Philadelphia Daily News, 1985-02-25, p. 9. 
  25. ^ Castro, Janice. "People", 1985-03-11. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. 
  26. ^ Accident report, 25 AUG 1985. Aviation Safety Network Database. Retrieved on 2008-02-25.
  27. ^ Thomas, Evan. "The Great War of Words", Time Magazine, 1985-09-09. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. 
  28. ^ "Washington talk: U.S.-Soviet relations; Commonality at an Exhibition", The New York Times, 1987-12-07. Retrieved on 2008-02-29. 
  29. ^ Aircraft Accident Report: Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 Beech BE-99, N300WP Auburn-Lewiston Municiple Airport Auburn, Maine August 25, 1985, National Transportation Safety Board, 1986-09-30, pp. 16, <http://amelia.db.erau.edu/reports/ntsb/aar/AAR86-06.pdf>. Retrieved on 5 April 2008 
  30. ^ "Milestones: Samantha Smith", Time Magazine, 1985-09-09. Retrieved on 2008-02-25. 
  31. ^ History: Samantha Reed Smith. samanthasmith.info. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
  32. ^ Chronicle 1980s. ICC Artek. Retrieved on 2006-04-11.
  33. ^ (Russian) "Voronezh Retiree Built A Monument to Samantha Smith", Voronezhsky Telegraph. Retrieved on 2006-06-01. 
  34. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, 5th, New York: Springer Verlag, p. 260. ISBN 3540002383. 
  35. ^ "Asteroid Named for U.S. Girl", The New York Times, 1986-11-12. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. 
  36. ^ John Warnaby (June 1992). "Per Norgaard: Remembering Child for Viola and Orchestra; In between for Cello and Orchestra by Pinchas Zukerman, Morton Zeuthen, Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra, Jorma Panula, Per Norgaard" (Review article). Tempo New Ser., No. 181 (Scandinavian Issue): 35+37–38. Retrieved on 2008-04-01. 
  37. ^ "Russians name gem for Samantha Smith", The New York Times, 1985-09-08. Retrieved on 2008-02-26. 
  38. ^ "Soviets name mountain after Samantha Smith", The Toronto Star, 1986-10-06. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. 
  39. ^ Samantha Smith Day. Maine law title 1 sec 126. State of Maine. Retrieved on 2006-04-11.
  40. ^ "Samantha Smith Statue", The New York Times, 1985-12-19. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. 
  41. ^ Samantha Smith Elementary School. Samantha Smith Elementary School. Retrieved on 2008-02-28.
  42. ^ P.S. 182 Samantha Smith. The New York City Department of Education. Retrieved on 2008-03-09.
  43. ^ "Samantha Smith Foundation", The New York Times, 1985-10-06. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. 

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For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 102nd day of the year (103rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 357th day of the year (358th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 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For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 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Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... February 29 is a day added into a leap year of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Arteks logo since 1990s Artek (Russian: Арте́к) was the All-Union and international Young Pioneer camp in the Soviet Union. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sources

  • Smith, Samantha, & Smith, Arthur. "Journey to the Soviet Union". Boston and Toronto: Little Brown and Co., 1985. ISBN 0-316-80176-3
  • Galicich, Anne. "Samantha Smith: A Journey for Peace". Minneapolis: Dillon Press, Inc., 1987. ISBN 0-87518-367-0

External links

Persondata
NAME Smith, Samantha Reed
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION Peace activist, child actor
DATE OF BIRTH 29 June 1972
PLACE OF BIRTH Houlton, Maine, United States
DATE OF DEATH 25 August 1985
PLACE OF DEATH Lewiston-Auburn, Maine, United States
Samantha Smith. ... Image File history File links Sound-icon. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 122nd day of the year (123rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, and video games. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location of town of Houlton in state of Maine Houlton is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, on the United States-Canada border, located at . ... is the 237th day of the year (238th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 39th  - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²)  - Width 210 miles (338 km)  - Length 320 miles (515 km)  - % water 13. ...

  Results from FactBites:
 
Samantha Smith - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2124 words)
Samantha Reed Smith (June 29, 1972–August 25, 1985) was an American schoolgirl from Manchester, Maine who was called "America's Youngest Ambassador" in the United States and the "Goodwill Ambassador" in the Soviet Union during her lifetime.
Smith was born in Houlton, Maine, and lived there with her parents, Arthur and Jane.
Samantha Smith was mourned by about 1,000 people at her funeral in Augusta, Maine, including Vladimir Kulagin of the Soviet Embassy in Washington, who read a personal message of condolence from Mikhail Gorbachev.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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