 A conical urn-shaped silver-plated samovar A samovar listen (help·
info) (Russian: самовар, IPA: [səmʌˈvar] literally "self-brewer") is a heated metal container traditionally used to heat and boil water in and around Russia, as well as in other Slavic nations, Iran and Turkey. Since the heated water is usually used for making tea, many samovars have an attachment on top of its lid to hold and heat a teapot filled with tea concentrate. Samovars are said to have been invented in Central Asia, though its origin is a matter of dispute. For example, some argue that it is purely a Russian invention given that the samovar appeared in Iran not later than in 18th century, and it bears the same Russian name "samovar". Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1712x2288, 543 KB) Summary Russian samovar, photo by Yannick Trottier, 2005 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Samovar Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1712x2288, 543 KB) Summary Russian samovar, photo by Yannick Trottier, 2005 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Samovar Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize...
Image File history File links Ru-samovar. ...
Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ...
The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ...
Tea leaves in a Chinese gaiwan. ...
A teapot with floral design A Chinese Yixing Zisha teapot A Chinese Zisha teapot - Melon A modern teapot A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in near-boiling water. ...
Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...
(17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...
Though traditionally heated with coal or charcoal, many newer samovars use electricity and heat water in a similar manner as an electric water boiler. Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ...
Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. ...
An electric water boiler, electric water heater, or electric water urn is a consumer electronics small appliance used for boiling water and maintaining it at a constant temperature. ...
Description Samovars come in different body shapes: urn- or krater-shaped, barrel, cylindric, spherical. Maya funerary urn For the computing term, see Uniform Resource Name. ...
A krater (Greek κÏατηÏ, from the Greek verb κεÏαννυμι, to mix. ...
A traditional samovar consists of a large metal container with a faucet near the bottom and a metal pipe running vertically through the middle. The pipe is filled with solid fuel to heat the water in the surrounding container. A small (6 to 8 inches) smoke-stack is put on the top to ensure draft. After the fire is off a teapot could be placed on top to be kept heated with the passing hot air. The teapot is used to brew the заварка (zavarka), a strong concentrate of tea. The tea is served by diluting this concentrate with (кипяток) kipyatok (boiled water) from the main container, usually at a ratio of about 10 parts water to one part tea concentrate, although tastes vary. Look up Chimney in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Stack effect is the ventilation in buildings and chimneys that results from thermal differences between indoor and outside temperature. ...
A teapot with floral design A Chinese Yixing Zisha teapot A Chinese Zisha teapot - Melon A modern teapot A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in near-boiling water. ...
It is particularly well-suited to tea-drinking in a communal setting over a protracted period. The Russian expression "to have a sit by samovar" means to have a leisurely talk while drinking tea from samovar. This compares with the Japanese tea ceremony, but only superficially. A tea ceremony is a ritualised form of making tea. ...
In everyday use it was an economic permanent source of hot water in older times. Various slow-burning items could be used for fuel, such as charcoal or dry pinecones. When not in use, the fire in the samovar pipe was faintly smouldering. When necessary, it was quickly rekindled with the help of bellows. Although a Russian jackboot сапог (sapog) could be used for this purpose, there were bellows manufactured specifically for use on samovars. Mature female European Black Pine cone Male cones of a pine A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. ...
A large bellows creates a mushroom cloud at the Exploratorium in San Francisco, California. ...
A jackboot is a type of combat boot that reaches mid-calf, has no laces, and typically has a leather sole with hobnails and heel irons. ...
The samovar was an important attribute of a Russian household. Sizes and designs varied, from "40-pail" ones of 400 litres (100 US gallons) to 1 litre (1 US quart) size, from cylindrical to spherical, from plain iron to polished brass to gilt.
In modern times, the samovar is mostly associated with Russian exotica and nostalgia. Today electric samovars are available. Samovars may be purchased in Europe, and in the US they may be found in neighborhoods with heavily Slavic populations, such as New York's East Village or Coney Island in Brooklyn. Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the state of New York and the entire United States. ...
Looking south from 6th Street down Second Avenue, one of the main thoroughfares through the East Village. ...
For other uses, see Coney Island (disambiguation). ...
For other meanings, see Brooklyn (disambiguation). ...
http://www.tula-samovar.com.ru/ENG/index.html
Brief history of the Russian Samovar The samovar's precursor was сбитенник (sbitennik), an implement for heating сбитень (sbiten), a hot winter drink of honey and spice. A sbitennik looked like a metal teakettle fitted with a heater pipe and legs, similar to a samovar. Sbiten Boyarsky, label Sbiten, also sbiten (Russian: Ñбитень, also збитень) is a hot winter Russian traditional drink. ...
A tea kettle A teakettle (tea kettle) is a small kitchen appliance used for boiling water in preparation for making tea or other beverages requiring hot water. ...
In the late 18th century, a Russian gunsmith, Fedor Lisitsyn, set up a small workshop south of Moscow, in the city of Tula, the heart of the Russian defense industry. Lisitsyn and his two sons were laboring in their time free from making arms and ammunition on a rather unusual device, which had been hitherto handcrafted by individual craftsmen in the Ural region solely for personal use: the charcoal-burning samovar. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...
Position of Moscow in Europe Coordinates: , Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Government - Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Area - City 1,081 km² (417. ...
, For other uses, see Tula (disambiguation). ...
Lisitsyn's workshop was the first to produce samovars industrially and had tremendous success. Shortly afterward, many competing samovar factories were starting operations nearby. By the 1830s, Tula established itself as the capital of samovar-making. // Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday Evolutionary theorist Charles Darwins expedition on the HMS Beagle. ...
During the 19th century, samovars gained increasing popularity in major cities, such as Saint Petersburg and Moscow, and became inseparably bound to the Russian way of life. Classics of Russian literature, like Pushkin, Gogol and Chekhov, regularly mention samovars in their works. Chekhov even coined an idiom: to take one's own samovar to Tula. This phrase is still understood and occasionally used by most Russians, with a meaning similar to carry coals to Newcastle in the West. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and...
Pushkin may refer to: People Aleksandr Pushkin - a famous Russian poet Apollo Mussin-Pushkin - chemist and plant collector Aleksei Musin-Pushkin - statesman, historian, art collector Other Pushkin, a town in Russia Pushkin Square - square in Moscow Pushkin Museum - fine arts museum in Moscow This is a disambiguation page — a...
Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol (Russian: Николай Васильевич Гоголь) (March 31, 1809 - March 4, 1852) was a Ukrainian-born Russian writer. ...
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (Russian: , IPA: ) was a Russian short story writer and playwright. ...
Newcastle in Britain is a coal mining, distributing and selling hub. ...
This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ...
In the second half of the century, samovar manufacturing took root in Moscow, St. Petersburg and some industrialized parts of Siberia and the Ural region. However, Tula retained its leading and standard-setting role in this trade. By that time, four shapes of samovars became traditional: cylindric, barrel-like, spherical and the most beautiful of them all, those resembling the ancient Greek vase called krater, as shown in the picture of samovar vaznoy. “Siberian†redirects here. ...
Ural (Russian: ) is a geographical region in Russia, around Ural Mountains. ...
A krater (Greek κÏατηÏ, from the Greek verb κεÏαννυμι, to mix. ...
The beginning of the 20th century was marked by various attempts at innovation. The traditional heating method was challenged by petroleum, kerosene, gas, and other means of heating. However, these models proved unpopular, due to the odor of the fuels and the dangers of inflammation and explosion. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...
Railroad companies in Russia recognized the practicality and popularity of samovars, and fitted long-distance sleeping cars with them. Luxurious cars of the Trans-Siberian railroad were first to adopt this custom. Gradually, the samovar in a railroad car was replaced by the boiler of potable water known as титан (titan) in the Soviet Union. Usually the titan is located at the end of the hallway, next to the conductor's closet, for the self-service of any passengers who may need some hot water during a long journey. Titans have all sorts of automatic controls, including temperature and water level (a notable advance over a samovar) with the counter-aesthetical beauty of the technical revolution. Samovars were retained only in luxury cars under the immediate supervision of the conductor. Trans-Siberian line in red; Baikal Amur Mainline in green. ...
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated under pressure. ...
During World War I and the subsequent turmoil of revolution and civil war, the design and the production technology of samovars were largely simplified and made fit for the military. Roughly welded cylindric samovars devoid of decoration are characteristic of this period. “The Great War †redirects here. ...
This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...
Combatants Red Army Latvian Reds Finnish Reds White Army Czech Legion Allied intervention UK France United States Japan Italy Canada Greece Romania Serbia New states Poland Finland Latvia Estonia Lithuania Ukrainian Peoples Republic Green Army (Cossacks) Black Army (Anarchists) Blue Army (Peasants) Commanders Trotsky Mikhail Tukhachevsky Kamenev Budyonny Frunze...
The late 1920s and early 1930s saw Stalinist collectivization and industrialization. Small samovar-making workshops were integrated into vast factories or disbanded. Quantity took priority over quality. However, it was during this period that the largest samovar-manufacturer of the Soviet Union, the "Shtamp" ("Штамп") company, was founded, in Tula. The 1920s is a decade that is sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ...
Face The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ...
For architecture, see Stalinist architecture. ...
The 1950s and 1960s brought significant changes to the world, and brought forth the invention of the nickel-plated electric samovar. This does not cite any references or sources. ...
The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic and silvery with a gold tinge Standard atomic weight 58. ...
Electroplating is the process of using Davd lloyd current to coat an electrically conductive object with a relatively thin layer of metal. ...
The hitherto undisputed reign of the charcoal-burning samovar came to an end. The gentle flavor of smoke proved to be insufficient in the face of such benefits as the ease of use and convenience, reduced tea-brewing time and the ease of cleaning, let alone the longevity provided by the nickel-plating that protects brass from corrosion. Catering facilities and households embraced the new technology swiftly; only the railroads remained faithful to the smoky, charcoal-fueled, traditional samovar.
The period of Brezhnevian stagnation did not leave any marks on the samovar. In fact, only the Olympic games of 1980, during which an incredible amount of samovars were sold to visitors from abroad, affected the samovar: it gained international recognition and became a symbol of Russia. Leonid Brezhnev. ...
The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ...
Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ...
With the 2nd dawn of capitalism in Russia in the nineties, competition returned to the samovar industry as well. Recent spin-offs of the Shtamp corporation are now competing for their share of the samovar market with newly founded businesses. Capitalism generally refers to an economic system in which the means of production are all or mostly privately[1][2] owned and operated for profit, and in which investments, distribution, income, production and pricing of goods and services are determined through the operation of a free market. ...
Charcoal-burning samovar The parts of the samovar, from the bottom up, are as follows:
Nearly all samovars have a four-legged square-shaped foundation. This keeps the samovar from damaging the furniture with its heat. Above that, we find the "neck" of the samovar, or шейка, sheika in Russian. The neck thickens towards its top, where the ventilation chamber is located. This chamber has small intake holes along its perimeter in order to supply the combustion process with oxygen. The foundation and the neck are together referred to as поддон, poddon.
Above this is the actual boiler. Inside is a thick tube (in Russian труба, truba) which constitutes the combustion chamber. The bottom of this tube is separated from the ventilation chamber with bars to prevent the fuel from falling inside. This separation is called колосник, kolosnik in Russian.
Near the bottom of the boiler, a small faucet (кран, kran) protrudes from the tank. It consists of three parts: a small decoration at its stem (the репеёк, repeyok "thistle") that contributes to the rigidity of the mounting, the pipe itself, and simple valve with a handle (ветка, vetka). The valve is essentially a funnel with a hole. In the two extreme positions of the handle the valve is closed, while in the central position the water can pour through the hole. It is the weight of the valve and the handle that keeps the whole thing in place; you can simply pull it out upwards. Categories: Stub ...
A typical kitchen funnel. ...
The hatch of the boiler has two small handles protecting one's hands from the heat. These two handles are called "cones", or шишки, shishki. There are also small steaming holes (душники, dushniki) on the hatch. Their purpose is to prevent the samovar from exploding due to pressure, and to steam the teapot at the same time.
The whole construction is topped off by a crown-like teapot socket, often decorated with some ornament. This part of the samovar is called конфорка, konforka or камфорка, kamforka.
Finally, charcoal-burning samovars come with two accessories: a cap and a chimney extension for the tube. Both need to be placed onto the open end of the heating tube, though not at the same time.
Electric samovar Rather than enumerating all the parts of the electric samovar, it is best to highlight the differences from its predecessor.
The first -- and most important -- difference is the look and the purpose of the thicker part of the neck: instead of ventilation holes, one finds one large electric socket on its perimeter; in the place of the empty ventilation chamber of the charcoal-burner, the electric samovar has a packed electric compartment.
The most apparent difference, however, is arguably the lack of the characteristic tube of the charcoal samovar. The huge spiral of an electric immersion heater occupies the tube's place.
Inside the ventilation chamber, which can be accessed by unscrewing the nut at the bottom of the samovar, one will find the connections of the heating coil. The coil itself is insulated from the spiral's body (and thus the samovar itself) by a set of ceramic rings. The coil with the white insulator rings resembles the backbone of a fish, if pulled out of its heater.
The last important distinguishing feature of the electric samovar is the position of the steaming holes; The lack of the tube allows for a more convenient place right at the center of the kamforka.
Some samovars have a special floating device near the heater, which turns it off if the water in the tank does not engulf the spiral entirely. This design is less common as it creates an additional moving part which might be prone to failure. The only moving part in a samovar is often the valve of the faucet.
http://www.tula-samovar.com.ru/ENG/index.html
Use of the samovar Charcoal-burning samovars are now strictly outdoor equipment. The first thing to do with a samovar is to clean it thoroughly and fill it up with water through its open hatch. A properly-maintained samovar with a shining finish is a sign of hospitality and good manners of the host. Set the samovar on a large tray to keep the ashes which work their way through the vent from damaging the table, also to catch any dripping water.
Afterwards, fuel is added. Instead of charcoal, Russians traditionally use dry pinecones. Cones add a hint of the resin's flavor to the tea. When using charcoal it is important to use unprocessed lump charcoal. Commercial compressed charcoal can burn with such a concentrated heat that it is possible to damage the samovar, especially if the water level falls too low.
No matter what fuel is used, it must be ignited. The traditional way is to use pieces of bark from the birch tree. In the Soviet era, a popular joke had it that Pravda, the newspaper of the Communist Party, was particularly good for tinder. Paper in general should work. An alternate method is to set the charcoal burning in a fireplace or brazier and transfer the coals to the samovar with tongs. Species Many species; see text and classification Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae. ...
Russian jokes or anekdoty (Russian: анекдоÌÑ‚Ñ‹), the most popular form of Russian humour, are short fictional stories or dialogues with a punch line. ...
Pravda (Russian: , The Truth) was a leading newspaper of the Soviet Union and an official organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party between 1912 and 1991. ...
As soon as the igniting substance and smaller pieces of the fuel catch fire, one needs to pump on the upper end of the tube, in order to help the fire burn. Finally, attach the chimney extension and wait until the water boils. If the fire is strong a gallon of water can be brought to a full boil in approximately 20 minutes. In order to abate the fire, put the cap on the tube instead of the chimney. To stimulate the heater, apply the pump.
Electric samovars can operate indoors. Their operation is much simpler, since the only thing necessary to begin heating is to plug it into the AC outlet. Whether or not the samovar has a water level switch as was previously mentioned, the heater must be fully immersed in water when turned on. CEE 7/7 plug and socket Domestic AC power plugs and sockets allow a connection between the mains (domestic, usually single-phase, AC electrical power) and the appliances commonly used in homes. ...
http://www.shopsamovar.com.ru
Samovars in Iran In Iran, samovars have been used at least for two centuries and electrical, oil-burning or natural gas-consuming samovars are still being used everywhere. Samovar is pronounced as samāvar in Persian and it was originally imported from Russia but Iranian craftsmen used Persian art to produce artful samovars. Borujerd City in Western Iran has been the main centre of making samovars and a few workshops are still producing hand-made samovars. Borujerd’s samovars are often made with German silver which is a part of its famous Varsho-Sazi art. The art samovars of Borujerd are often shown in Iranian and Western countries' museums as a part of Iranian art. Persian (Local names: Ùارسی Fârsi or پارسی Pârsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...
Iran is filled with tombs of poets and musicians, such as this one belonging to Rahi Moayeri. ...
Borujerd (Persian: ), (Luri pronunciation: vorūgerd, also borūgerd; Borujerdi Dialect: vūriyerd) (Name spelling variations: Boroujerd, Borudjerd, Boroojerd, Brujerd, Burujird, Borugerd) is a city and shahrestan (township) in Lorestan Province in Western Iran. ...
Samovars in North America In North America, charcoal-burning samovars can be used exactly the same way they are used in Russia, although they are less common, and guests should be warned about the risk of scalding themselves. North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...
Imported Russian electric samovars can be used in North America, but need a connector adaptor and priming with hot water to offset the longer boiling time (the U.S. and Canadian 120 volt mains supply is about half that of Russia, giving a quarter the power from the heating element). [1]. Alternatively, they can be powered off a 120/220-volt step-up transformer in order to provide the required voltage. For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ...
Figure 1:Three-phase pole-mounted step-down transformer. ...
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