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San Andrés and Providencia (Spanish: San Andrés y Providencia) is one of the departments of Colombia. It consists of an archipelago of islands about 775 km (480 miles) north of Colombia and 80 km (50 miles) from the coast of Nicaragua. Its capital is San Andrés. Colombia is a unitary republic conformed by 32 departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. ...
An archipelago is a landform which consists of a chain or cluster of islands. ...
San Andres Island. ...
History
It has been supposed that the islands were first discovered by Christopher Columbus during his first voyage in 1492. No authentic contemporary portrait of Columbus has been found; this late 19th-century engraving is one of many conjectural images For information about the director, see the article on Chris Columbus. ...
Events January 2 - Boabdil, the last Moorish King of Granada, surrenders his city to the army of Ferdinand and Isabella after a lengthy siege. ...
In 1670 the English corsair Henry Morgan took over the islands until 1689. In 1803, after Spain's Viceroyalty of New Granada had been reestablished in 1739, the archipielago and the province of Veraguas – covering the western territory of Panama and the eastern coast of Nicaragua – were added to its area of jurisdiction. In the later colonial era the territory was administered from the province of Cartagena. Corsair can refer to: a pirate who used to operate in the Mediterranean Sea, see Corsair (pirate) a French airline, see: Corsair (airline) several aircraft of the US Navy: the O2U Corsair the F4U Corsair the A-7 Corsair II a kind of fireworks a poem, The Corsair, by Lord...
Sir Henry Morgan (c. ...
1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
A viceroy is somebody who governs a country or province as a substitute for the monarch. ...
New Granada was the name given to a group of colonial provinces in northern South America, corresponding mainly to modern Colombia. ...
Events March 20 - Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne, including the Koh-i-Noor September 9 - Stono Rebellion erupts near Charleston September 18 - Treaty of Belgrade signed October 3 - Treaty of Nissa signed October 23 - Great Britain declares war...
This article needs cleanup. ...
For other places of the same name, see Cartagena Bocagrande Cartagena San Pedro Square,Old City Cartagena Cartagena, Colombia, also known as Cartagena de Indias or La Heroica (The Heroic), is a large seaport on the north coast of Colombia. ...
After gaining its independence, the Republic of Gran Colombia occupied the islands in 1822 and transferred control over them to the department of Magdalena. Subsequently, the United States of Central America (USCA) did not recognize the occupation of the islands and claimed ownership over them, while Colombia in turn protested the USCA's occupation of the eastern coast of modern day Nicaragua. The USCA federation dissolved in 1838 and the resulting state of Nicaragua carried on with the dispute, as did the Republic of New Granada (made up of modern Colombia and Panama) that emerged from the dissolution of Gran Colombia. Map showing Gran Colombia The Republic of Gran Colombia, or Greater Colombia, was a short-lived republic in South America consisting of present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama. ...
Categories: Departments of Colombia | Stub ...
The United Provinces of Central America (UPCA) was a country that existed in Central America from July 1823 to approximately 1840. ...
1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
New Granada was the name given to a group of colonial provinces in northern South America, corresponding mainly to modern Colombia. ...
Map showing Gran Colombia The Republic of Gran Colombia, or Greater Colombia, was a short-lived republic in South America consisting of present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama. ...
Colombia later established a local administration ("intendencia") in the islands during 1912. The signing of the Esguerra-Bárcenas treaty in 1928 between both governments temporarily resolved the dispute in favor of Colombia. However, since 1980, when the Sandinista government assumed power in Nicaragua, a constitutional reform was enacted and the treaty was renounced. 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ...
1928 was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...
1980 is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ...
Sandinista! is also the name of a popular music album by The Clash. ...
Nicaraguans claim that the treaty was signed under United States pressure and military occupation and thus does not constitute a sovereign decision, while Colombia argues that the treaty's final ratification in 1930, when U.S. forces were already on their way out, confirms its validity. 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...
In 2001 Nicaragua filed claims with the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over the disputed maritime boundary involving 50,000 km² in the Caribbean, which includes the islands of San Andrés and Providencia. Colombia has claimed that the ICJ has no jurisdiction over the matter and has increased its naval and police presence in the islands. It has also prepared the legal defense of its case that will be presented before the tribunal. In addition, Colombia and Honduras signed a maritime boundary treaty in 1999 which implicitly accepts Colombian sovereignity over the islands. It should be noted that Nicaragua and Honduras still maintain several other territorial and legal disputes. 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The International Court of Justice (known colloquially as the World Court or ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. ...
1999 is a common year starting on Friday of the Common Era, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
Municipalities - Providencia y Santa Catalina
- San Andrés
San Andres Island. ...
Islands Besides the main islands of San Andrés and Providencia, with their respective small satellite islands, there are eight atolls that belong to the department (from North to South): Atoll in the western pacific ocean For the programming language, see ATOLL programming language. ...
Alice Shoal (Banco Alicia)
The bank, a former atoll is about 40 km wide, 32 km long, with an area of 1200 km² (mostly water – lagoon). There are only a few islands: West Breaker, Middle Cay, East Cay and Beacon Cay, mostly with sparse vegetation of bushes and some trees. Most of the reef is drying and hundrets of wrecked ships are located into its vicinity. Beacon Cay is the biggest islet on the reef, completely overbuild with houses and some military facilities, used by the US Mariners during the Cuba Crisis. The station is abandoned today. The Serranilla Bank Lighthouse, inhabited today, stands on a corall ledge in the southwest approach to the bank. The lighthouse is 20 m (65 ft) high. The atoll was returned by the United States to Colombia in 1982. Serranilla Bank is a western Caribbean island located about 210 miles north-northeast of Nicaragua. ...
See lagoon (disambiguation) for other possible meanings. ...
Bajo Nuevo is an atoll 26 km long and 9 km wide, with a size of 240 km² (mostly water – lagoon), with some small islets, some covered with grass. The most prominent islet is Low Cay, 300 m long and 40 m wide. Today the cays are frequently visited by lobster fishers. A light tower, 20 m high, stands on Low Cay. Low Cay is about 2 m high and barren. The atoll was returned by the United States to Colombia in 1982. Bajo Nuevo Bank, also called the Petrel Islands, is located in the western United States and Jamaica. ...
See lagoon (disambiguation) for other possible meanings. ...
Quita Sueno Bank The bank has no islands, but in the northeastern part is a 37 km long reef which partly dries at low time. Originally claimed by the United States under the Guano Act of 1856, the atoll was returned by the United States to Colombia in 1982. A reef surrounding an islet. ...
The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ...
Serrana Bank The mostly submerged atoll is about 50 km long and 13 km wide, with a size of roughly 500 km² (mostly water – lagoon). Several cays and small islets are located on the reef. The most prominent cay is Southwest Cay, about 1200 m by 800 m in area, with several ruines of a former military base, used by the US Marines during the Cuba Crisis. The islets are all covered with sparse vegetation, bushes and some trees. On Southwest Cay and on Narrow Cay are lighthouses, operating to day and adminstered by Columbia. The Southwest Cay light is a 25 m high tower, constructed by a combination of a concree dwelling and a white iron framework tower with a light on its top. North Cay is permanent inhabited by turtle fishers, and several new wooden huts are standing on the islet. Originally claimed by the United States under the Guano Act of 1856, the atoll was returned by the United States to Colombia in 1982. See lagoon (disambiguation) for other possible meanings. ...
The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ...
Roncador Bank The Roncador Bank, a mostly submerged atoll with several sandy cays, is 14 by 6 km in size, with an area of 65 km² (mostly water – lagoon). In the northern area lies Roncador Cay, about 600 m by 300 m in area, and rising to 4 m elevation. There are several houses on it, partly ruined, build up during the Cuba Crisis, by American troups. An old disused lighthouse is at its northern end. Originally claimed by the United States under the Guano Act of 1856, the atoll was returned by the United States to Colombia in 1982. See lagoon (disambiguation) for other possible meanings. ...
The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ...
Cayos del Este Sudeste (Courtown Cays, Cayos de E.S.E.) This atoll is 35 km northeast of Cayos de Alburquerque. It is 14 km long and 4 km wide. There are a few cays in the Southeast. The largest ones are called Cayo del Este, Cayo Bolivar, West Cay, and Cayo Arena. None of thoseis higher than 2 meters. All cays are overgrown with palm trees and bushes, and surrounded by mangroves. There is a lighthouse of the Colombian Navy on Cayo Bolivar. The cays are regularly visited by fishermen from the Colombian mainland or from San Andres. There are two concrete buildings on Cayo Bolivar, and a few wooden huts on the other Cays. A cay or key is a small, low island consisting mostly of sand or coral. ...
Genera Many; see list of Arecaceae genera Arecaceae (also known as Palmae or Palmaceae), the palm family, is a family of flowering plants, belonging to the monocot order Arecales. ...
Above and below water view at the edge of the mangal Mangroves are woody trees or shrubs that grow in mangrove habitats or mangal (Hogarth, 1999). ...
Cayos de Albuquerque (Cayos de S.W., Southwest Cays)
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