Façade of the basilica

San Crisogono is a church in Rome (rione Trastevere) dedicated to the martyr Saint Chrysogonus. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 1. ... // The Churches of Rome are more than 900 in numbers. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Logo of the rione A typical narrow alley in Trastevere seen from the lower slopes of the Gianicolo hill Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere at night Trastevere is rione XIII of Rome, on the west bank of the Tiber, south of Vatican City. ... Saint Chrysogonus ( San Crisogono) is a Roman Catholic saint and martyr of Ancient Rome. ...

History

The church was one of the tituli, the first parish churches of Rome, known as the Titulus Chrysogoni. It was probably built in the 4th century under Pope Silvester I (314–335), rebuilt in the 12th century and again by Giovanni Battista Soria, funded by Scipione Borghese, in the early 17th century. Titulus of Pyramus, the cubicularius Lucius Vitellius the elder Titulus (Latin title) describes the conventional inscriptions on stone that listed the honours of an individual [1] or that identified boundaries in the Roman Empire, or that identified the subsections in, for example, Justinians Pandects. ... A parish church is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ... Pope Silvester I (or Sylvester) was pope from January 314 to December 31, 335, succeeding Pope Miltiades. ... Events August 30 - Council of Arles, which confirmed the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passed other canons. ... Events November 7 - Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented the corn fleet from sailing to Constantinople. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Giovanni Battista Soria was an Italian architect (b. ... Cardinal Scipione Borghese (1576-1633) was an Italian Renaissance art collector and member of the noble Borghese family. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...

The area beneath the sacristy was investigated by Fr. L. Manfredini and Fr. C. Piccolini in 1907. They found remains of the first church (see below). After they had made this discovery, the area was excavated and studied.

The church is served by Trinitarians. The current Cardinal Priest of the Titulus S. Chrysogoni is Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, S.J., Bishop of Kaohsiung. Among the previous Cardinal Priests, Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci (1853-1878), elected Pope Leo XIII. The Trinitarians are an order of monks founded at Rome in 1198 by St. ... Cardinal Priests are the most numerous of the three orders of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church. ... Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, S.J. (Chinese language: 單國璽; pinyin: Shàn Guóxǐ) (born December 3, 1923) is a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church and was the Bishop of Hualien and Kaohsiung. ... Seal of the Society of Jesus. ... Pope Leo XIII (March 2, 1810—July 20, 1903), born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903, succeeding Pope Pius IX. Reigning until the age of 93, he was the oldest pope, and had the third longest pontificate...

Art and architecture

The belltower dates from the 12th century rebuilding. The interior of the church was rebuilt in the 1620s on the site of a 12th century church. The 22 granite columns in the nave are recycled antique columns. The floor is Cosmatesque, but most of it is hidden by the pews. The confessio in the sanctuary area is from the 8th century. The high altar is from 1127, with a baldachino from (1627 or 1641) by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. During Mediaeval ages, in the 12th and 13th centuries, many marble workers created their pieces taking their marble from ancient Roman ruins, and composing the fragments in geometrical decorations. ... Confession of sins is an integral part of the Christian faith and practice. ... Ajax prepares to violate the sanctuary of Athena by abducting Cassandra by force: red-figure vase, c. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... Conrad III establishes the Hohenstaufen dynasty when he is crowned antiking to the Holy Roman Emperor, Lothair II. First coalition of the Norman princes against Roger II of Sicily. ... Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini (Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini; December 7, 1598 – November 28, 1680) was a pre-eminent Baroque sculptor and architect of 17th century Rome. ...

The painting in the middle of the Baroque coffered ceiling is by Guercino, and depicts the Glory of Saint Chrysogonus. Likely a copy, in which case the original was taken to London, but it might also be vice versa. Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens: dynamic figures spiral down around a void: draperies blow: a whirl of movement lit in a shaft of light, rendered in a free bravura handling of paint The Baroque was a style in art that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce... This intricate ceiling is part of the Capitol Theatre in Melbourne, Australia, designed by architect Walter Burley Griffin. ... The Italian painter Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (1591—1666) known as Guercino, was born at Cento, a village not far from Bologna. ...

On the left side of the nave is the shrine of Blessed Anna Maria Taigi. She was buried here in the habit of a tertiary of the Trinitarians. See some of her belongings are in the adjacent monastery, where they are kept as relics.

The monument at the left of the entrance, dedicated to cardinal Giovanno Jacopo Millo was completed by Carlo Marchionni and Pietro Bracci. Along the right nave are the fresco remains, including a Santa Francesca Romana and a Crucifixion, attributed to Paolo Guidotti and transferred from the church of Saints Barbara and Catherine. The nave also contains a painting of Three archangels by Giovanni da San Giovanni. The nave has a Trinity and Angels by Giacinto Gimignani, while the altar has a Guardian Angel by Ludovico Gimignani. The presbitery and ciborium are surrounded by four alabaster columns, it is a work by Soria. The apse has frescoes of the Life of Saint Crisogono (16th century) and below Madonna & child with saints Crisogono & James by the 12th century school of Pietro Cavallini. The presbitery vault is frescoed with a Virgin by Cavalier D'Arpino^[1]. Garden front of the Villa Albani, engraved by Giuseppe Vasi. ... Pietro Bracci (Rome, 1700—Rome, 1773) was an Italian sculptor working in the Late Baroque manner. ... Giovanni da San Giovanni (March 20, 1592 - December 6, 1636), also known as Giovanni Mannozzi, was an Italian painter of the early Baroque period. ... Giacinto Gimignani (1606 – 1681) was an Italian painter, active mainly in Rome, during the Baroque period. ... Ludovico Gimignani (1643 – 1697) was an Italian painter, active mainly in Rome, during the Baroque period. ... The Last Judgement (detail of the Apostles) Pietro Cavallini (1259-1330) was an Italian painter and mosaic designer working during the Renaissance. ... Giuseppe Cesari (c. ...

Excavations

Remains from the first church, possible from the reign of Constantine I, and earlier Roman houses can be seen in the lower parts, reached by a staircase in the sacristy. The ruins are confusing, but you can easily find the apse of the old church and you can see the remains of the martyr's shrine in middle of the apse wall. The church had an uncommon form; rather than the normal basilical plan with a central nave and two aisles on the sides, it has a single nave. Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus[2] (27 February c. ...

On either side of the apse are rooms known as pastophoria, service rooms of a type uncommon in the West but normal in Eastern churches. The one on the right-hand side is though to have been used as a diaconium, with functions resembling those of the sacristy in later churches. The other would then probably have been a protesis, where holy relics were kept. A sacristy is a room for keeping vestments (such as the cassock and chasuble) and other church furnishings, sacred vessels and church treasures. ...

A number of basins were found here during the excavations, including one cut into the south wall. As the plan is so untypical of early Roman churches, some believe that the structure originally had a different function, and the presence of the basins could mean that it was a fullonica, a laundry and dye-house. The area was a commercial district at the time, so this is quite likely. Others think that the basin in the south wall was made for baptism by immersion. As there were other basins too, it seems more likely that it was originally intended for a different use, but it may very well have been used as a baptismal font after the building had been consecrated as a church. This article is about the Christian religious act of Baptism. ...

The paintings are from the 8th to the 11th century, and include Pope Sylvester Capturing the Dragon, St Pantaleon Healing the Blind Man, St Benedict Healing the Leper and The Rescue of St Placid. ... For other uses, see Pantaleon. ... This article is about Saint Benedict of Nursia, for other uses of the name Benedict see Benedict (disambiguation) Saint Benedict of Nursia (c. ... Saint Placidus (also known as Saint Placid; French: ) was a disciple of St. ...

Several sarcophagi have been preserved here, some beautifully decorated. The Etruscan Sarcophagus of the Spouses, at the National Etruscan Museum. ...

Below the first church are remains of late Republican houses.

Liturgy

The feast day of St Chrysogonus, 24 November, is also the dedication day of the church. Pilgrims and other faithful who attend Mass on this day receive a plenary indulgence. is the 328th day of the year (329th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• San Crisogono, at Churches of Rome Wiki

External links

• Media related to San Crisogono from the Wikimedia Commons.