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Encyclopedia > San Lorenzo del Escorial
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The facade of the chapel, in the baroque style of Jesuit churches, is integrated with the palatial facade

El Escorial is an immense palace, monastery, museum, and library complex located at San Lorenzo de El Escorial (also San Lorenzo del Escorial), a town 45 kilometres northwest of Madrid in the autonomous community of Madrid in Spain.


At the foot of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range, the complex was commanded by King Philip II of Spain as a necropolis for the Spanish monarchs and the seat of studies in aid of the Counter-Reformation. It was designed by the architects Juan Bautista de Toledo, Giambattista Castello, and Juan de Herrera in an austere classical style, and built from 1563 to 1584. It is shaped as a grid in memory of the martyrdom of Saint Lawrence. It is said that during the battle of Saint Quentin, the Spanish troops destroyed a small hermitage devoted to Lawrence. The King decided to dedicate the monastery to the saint in thanks for his victory.

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El Escorial

The complex has an enormous store of art, including works by Titian, El Greco, Velázquez, Goya, and others. Also at the complex is a library containing thousands of priceless ancient manuscripts. It is the burial site for most Spanish kings since Philip II.


The complex is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is an extremely popular tourist attraction, often visited as a day trip from Madrid. It is close to the Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos.


The surrounding town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid) is also home for the popular summer courses of Universidad Complutense. A downhill neighbour town also named El Escorial has a likenamed RENFE station.


See also: List of World Heritage Sites in Spain



Spanish royal sites
Palaces:
Palacio Real de Madrid | Zarzuela | El Escorial | El Pardo | Aranjuez | La Granja | Riofrío | Alcázares de Sevilla | La Almudaina
Royal monasteries:
Descalzas Reales | La Encarnación | Sta. Clara de Tordesillas | Las Huelgas | Valle de los Caídos
Sanctuaries under royal patronage:
Panteón de Hombres Ilustres | San Pascual | Sta. Isabel | Colegio de Doncellas Nobles

  Results from FactBites:
 
BCSD - Escolanía del Escorial  (Escolanía del Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo de el Escorial) (608 words)
Estos niños del seminario eran instruidos en gramática y latinidad así como en música (canto llano principalmente) y estaban encargados de cantar todos los días la Misa del Alba en la Basílica, así como la salve tras el rezo de vísperas de la comunidad de monjes del Monasterio.
En número de 40 los niños cantaban diariamente en grupos de 20, también en señaladas fiestas intervenían en los villancicos y danzas que tenían lugar: Navidad, San Lorenzo, San Jerónimo, Corpus… así como en los recibimientos a los Reyes y personalidades que acudían al Monasterio.
On "Pan Divino" the boys and men of the choir school of the monastery of San Lorenzo del Escorial perform music mostly by Spanish composers of the 16th and 17th century.
El Escorial - Wikitravel (212 words)
San Lorenzo de El Escorial (also San Lorenzo del Escorial) is a town about 45 km from Madrid in Spain.
The city's main attraction is the world famous Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, (El Escorial for short), a World Heritage Site, that was the political centre of the Spanish empire when the king was Philip II.
Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial: This huge complex is has a Royal Palace, a monastery for monks, a magnificent library, and a large basilica.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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