Former advisor to Queen Liliʻuokalani and justice of the Hawaiʻi judiciary, Sanford B. Dole assumed the role of President of the Republic of Hawaiʻi. He later became Governor of the new Territory of Hawaiʻi.

Sanford Ballard Dole (April 23, 1844 – June 9, 1926) was a politician and jurist of Hawaiʻi as a kingdom, protectorate, republic and territory. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... A jurist is a professional who studies, develops, applies or otherwise deals with the law. ... Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... Motto Ua mau ke ea o ka āina i ka pono Anthem Hawaii Ponoi Kingdom of Hawaii Capital Lahaina (until 1845) Honolulu (from 1845) Language(s) Hawaiian, English Government Constitutional monarchy Monarch  - 1795–1819 Kamehameha I  - 1891–1893 Liliuokalani Provisional Government  - 1893-1894 Committee of Safety History  - Inception 1795  - Unification... Led by Lorrin A. Thurston and Sanford B. Dole, the Provisional Government ruled over Hawaii until the formal establishment of the republic. ... Iolani Palace in Honolulu, formerly the residence of the Hawaiian monarch, was the capitol of the Republic of Hawaii. ... On August 12, 1898, the flag of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i over ‘Iolani Palace was lowered to raise the United States flag to signify annexation. ...

Early years

Dole was born in Honolulu to a family of white Protestant Christian missionaries from Norridgewock, Maine in the United States. His cousin was the pineapple magnate James Dole who followed the elder Dole to Hawaiʻi in later years. Dole was part of a wealthy, elite immigrant community in the Hawaiian Islands that established a dominant presence in the local political climate. Serving as a successful attorney and friend of King David Kalākaua and Queen Liliʻuokalani, Dole pursued and advocated the westernization of Hawaiian society and culture. Honolulu as seen from the International Space Station Honolulu is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Hawai‘i. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... Two Mormon missionaries A missionary is traditionally defined as a propagator of religion who works to convert those outside that community; someone who proselytizes. ... Norridgewock is a town located in Somerset County, Maine. ... For other uses, see Pineapple (disambiguation). ... James Dole, founder of the Hawaiian pineapple industry, is immortalized as the Pineapple King. ... For other uses, see Elite (disambiguation). ... An attorney is someone who represents someone else in the transaction of business: For attorney-at-law, see lawyer, solicitor, barrister or civil law notary. ... David Kalākaua was elected by the legislature to assume the throne of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i upon the death of William Charles Lunalilo. ... Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii (September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917), originally named Lydia Kamakaeha, also known as Lydia Kamakaeha Paki, with the royal name of Liliuokalani given to her by her brother King Kalakaua when he ascended to the the throne in 1874 and raised his brother and sisters with... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Bayonet Constitution

Dole participated in a revolution in 1887 in which local businessmen, sugar planters and politicians backed by the Honolulu Rifles forced adoption of the 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii written by Interior Minister Lorrin A. Thurston. It stripped voting rights from all Asians outright, and disenfranchised poor Native Hawaiians, Americans and Europeans due to income and wealth requirements, effectively consolidating power with the elite Native Hawaiian, European and American subjects of the kingdom. In addition, it minimized the power of the monarch in favor of more influential governance by the Privy Council, the royal cabinet. Kalākaua later appointed Dole a justice of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi Supreme Court. For other uses, see Revolution (disambiguation). ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ... King David Kalākaua signed the 1887 Constitution under threat of force The 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of HawaiÊ»i stripped the Hawaiian monarchy of much of its authority, and disenfranchised all Asians and poor citizens while generally empowering rich citizens, including American, European and native Hawaiian elites. ... Lorrin A. Thurston led the overthrow of the Hawaiian kingdom in 1893. ... Native Hawaiians (in Hawaiian, kānaka ōiwi or kānaka maoli) are the Polynesian peoples of the Hawaiian Islands who trace their ancestry back to Marquesan and possibly Tahitian settlers (starting circa AD 400), before the arrival of British explorer Captain James Cook in 1778. ...

End of the monarchy

Sanford B. Dole, on the left, continued as President of the new Territory of Hawaiʻi until the Hawaiian Organic Act of 1900 established a permanent territorial government led by a governor.

The monarchy ended in January 1893 after a coup d'etat organized by many of the same actors involved in the 1887 revolt, and taking place with the support of the U.S. Minister to Hawaii John L. Stevens, who authorized the landing of U.S. Marines in Honolulu the day of the coup. The Provisional Government that was formed after the coup was led by President Dole, and was recognized within 48 hours by all nations with diplomatic ties to the Kingdom of Hawaii as the legitimate government of the islands. With Grover Cleveland's election as President of the United States, the Provisional Government's hopes of annexation were derailed for a time. Indeed, Cleveland tried to directly help reinstate the monarchy, after an investigation led by James Henderson Blount. The Blount Report of July 17, 1893, commissioned by President Cleveland, concluded that the Committee of Safety conspired with U.S. ambassador John L. Stevens to land the United States Marine Corps, to forcibly remove Queen Liliʻuokalani from power, and declare a Provisional Government of Hawaiʻi consisting of members from the Committee of Safety. Sanford Dole inauguration as first governor of Hawaii, Hawaii State Archives historical image This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Sanford Dole inauguration as first governor of Hawaii, Hawaii State Archives historical image This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Until the 1890s the Kingdom of Hawaii was an independent sovereign state, recognized by the United States, Great Britain, France and Germany with exchange of ambassadors. ... John L. Stevens, an American diplomat, conspired to overthrow the Kingdom of HawaiÊ»i. ... Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908), the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States, was the only President to serve non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). ... James Henderson Blount led an investigation into the alleged American involvement in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. ... The Blount Report is the popular name given to the part of the 1894 House of Representatives Foreign Relations Committee Report regarding the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. ... Lorrin A. Thurston led the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii through the Committee of Safety in 1893. ... John L. Stevens, an American diplomat, conspired to overthrow the Kingdom of HawaiÊ»i. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the United States military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces. ... Committee of Safety may refer to: The Committee of Safety, the parliamentary body in England that oversaw the English Civil War The Committee of Public Safety which controlled created the French Republic and initiated the Reign of Terror One of the many Colonial American Committees of Safety established at the...

On November 16, 1893, Albert Willis presented the Queen with Cleveland's request that she grant amnesty to the Revolutionists in return for reinstatement. Initially, the Queen refused, demanding capital punishment for those involved. On December 18, 1893, the queen changed her mind with regards to the punishment of Dole and Thurston. On December 23, 1893, unaware that Cleveland had referred the matter to Congress on December 18, 1893, Willis presented the Provisional Government with Cleveland's demand to restore the queen to the throne — the Provisional Government refused.

The Morgan Report of February 26, 1894, concluded that the overthrow was locally based, motivated by a history of corruption of the monarchy, and that American troops only served to protect American property and citizens and had no role in the end of the Hawaiian Monarchy.^[1] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The Provisional Government held a constitutional convention and on July 4, 1894, established the Republic of Hawaiʻi. 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

After an unsuccessful attempt at armed rebellion on January 6, 1895, the Queen abdicated and swore allegiance to the Republic of Hawaii on January 24, 1895.

President of a republic

Lorrin A. Thurston declined the presidency and Dole was chosen to lead the government instead; Dole would serve as the first and only president from 1894 to 1900. Dole in turn appointed Thurston to lead a lobbying effort in Washington, DC and secure Hawaiʻi's annexation. Lorrin A. Thurston led the overthrow of the Hawaiian kingdom in 1893. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United...

Dole's government weathered several attempts to restore the monarchy, including an attempted armed rebellion in which Robert William Wilcox participated; Wilcox and the other conspirators had their sentences reduced or commuted by Dole after being sentenced to death. Dole was successful as a diplomat - every nation that recognized the Kingdom of Hawaii also recognized the Republic of Hawaii. Robert William Wilcox led unsuccessful rebellions to restore the monarchy. ...

Governor and judge

President William McKinley appointed Dole to become the first territorial governor after U.S. annexation of Hawaiʻi had been procured. Dole assumed the office in 1900 but resigned in 1903 to accept an appointment as U.S. District Court judge. He served in the latter post until 1915 and died after a series of strokes in 1926. His ashes are interred in the cemetery of Kawaiahaʻo Church. Dole Middle School which is located in Kalihi Valley on the island of Oʻahu was named after him in 1956. This article is about the 25th President of the United States; for other people named William McKinley, see William McKinley (disambiguation). ... On August 12, 1898, the flag of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i over ‘Iolani Palace was lowered to raise the United States flag to signify annexation. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... 1900 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kawaiahao Church is known as the Westminster Abbey of Hawaii, the site of coronations, royal christenings and funerals. ... Kalihi (meaning, the edge, in Hawaiian) is a neighborhood community of Honolulu on the island of O‘ahu in Hawai‘i. ... OÊ»ahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English), the Gathering Place, is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands and most populous island in the State of HawaiÊ»i. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

v • d • e Governors of Hawaii
Territorial	Dole • Carter • Frear • Pinkham • McCarthy • Farrington • Judd • Poindexter • Stainback • Long • King • Quinn
State	Quinn • Burns • Ariyoshi • Waihee • Cayetano • Lingle