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Michinaga became the Kampaku regent of Japan during the reign of Ichijō and expected to hold this position in Sanjō's government too, but Sanjō as an matured man in his thirties desired strongly to govern without such influence.
The relation between Sanjo and Michinaga was bad and it became worse when Sanjō's that spouse who was a daughter of Michinaga died without a child.
Although no son of Sanjō ascended to the throne, a future emperor (Emperor Go-Sanjo) was child of Princess Teishi, Sanjo's daughter, and thus his blood remained in the imperial bloodline.
The sanjo kayagŭm, the smaller one (about 142 cm long by 23 cm wide by 10 cm high), is associated with folk music genres and thus is believed to have evolved in the 19th century with the emergence of sanjo (improvisational solo instrumental music).
The closer spacing of the strings and the shorter length of the sanjo kayagum facilitates the technique required for the faster passages of sanjo (Clark 2001).
Before the birth of sanjo, the kayagŭm tended to be used in the repertories of the court orchestra such as yominlak and p'yongjohoesang and in the repertories of the string ensemble such as yongsanhoesang, ch'onyonmanse, and bohosa, and be usually performed for leisure among the aristocracy under the name of changak.