NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Santur

The santur (سنتور – also santūr, santour, santoor) is a hammered dulcimer of Iran. It is a trapezoid-shaped box often made of walnut, with 72 strings. The name means one hundred strings in Persian. The special-shaped mallets (mezrab) are lightweight and are held between the index and middle fingers. A typical santur has two sets of bridges, providing a range of three octaves. The right-hand strings are made of brass, while the left-hand strings are made of steel. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Hasht-Behesht_Palace_santur. ... Image File history File links Hasht-Behesht_Palace_santur. ... Part of Shah Abbas large urban project in his new capital, the ChahÄr BÄgh Four Gardens, is a four-kilometer avenue in the city of Isfahan. ... A diatonic hammered dulcimer made by Masterworks The hammered dulcimer is a stringed musical instrument with the strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board. ... A trapezoid (in North America) or trapezium (in Britain and elsewhere) is a quadrilateral two of whose sides are parallel to each other. ... In music, an octave (sometimes abbreviated 8ve or 8va) is the interval between one musical note and another with half or double the frequency. ...

Derivations

Many instruments around the world at least in part derive from the santur. Similar forms of the santur have been present in neighboring cultures like Armenia and Turkey for centuries. The Indian santoor is thicker, more rectangular, and can have more strings. Its corresponding mallets are also held differently. The Chinese yangqin may have originated from the Persian santur. The Roma people introduced a derivative of the santur called the cymbalum to Eastern Europe, which in turn likely led to the development of the clavichord and the piano. The Greek Sandouri is also derived from the santur, and in Nikos Kazantzakis' classic novel Zorba the Greek Zorba plays the Sandouri. The santoor is a trapezoid-shaped hammered dulcimer often made of walnut, with seventy strings. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Roma people (pronounced rahma, singular Rom, sometimes Rroma, and Rrom) along with the closely related Sinti people are commonly known as Gypsies in English, and as Tsigany in most of Europe. ... Cymbalum // Overview The cymbalum, cymbalom, cimbalom (most common spelling), Å£ambal, tsymbaly, tsimbl or santouri is a musical instrument found mainly in the music of Hungary, Romania, Moldova, Greece and Ukraine. ... Large five-octave unfretted clavichord by Paul Maurici, after J.A. Haas The clavichord is a European stringed keyboard instrument known from the late Medieval, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras. ... A short grand piano, with the top up. ... Zorba the Greek is a 1964 movie by Michael Cacoyannis, originally titled Alexis Zorbas, based on the novel by Nikos Kazantzakis. ...

History

Famous Santur Players

Rahul Sharma is a Hong Kong cricketer. ... Parviz Meshkatian (Born in 1955 Neishabour) is a renowned Iranian musician, composer, researcher and University lecturer. ... Arfa Atrai is one of Persias most renouned masters of the santour. ... Ardavan Kamkar (Persian: â€Ž , born 1968, Kurdish: Erdewan Kamkar) is an Iranian musician of Kurdish decent . ... Pashang Kamkar (Kurdish: PeÅŸeng Kamkar , Persian: , born 1951) is an Iranian musician of Kurdish origin. ... Leila Bela (Persian: ) (born in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian-born American avant-garde musician, writer, actress, multi-instrumentalist and record producer from Austin, Texas. ...

See also

Image File history File linksMetadata Persian_santur. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Persian_santur. ... Moosiqi Asil or Persian music is the traditional and indigenous music of Persia and Persian-speaking countries: musiqi, the science and art of music, and moosiqi, the sound and performance of music (Sakata 1983). ... A diatonic hammered dulcimer made by Masterworks The hammered dulcimer is a stringed musical instrument with the strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board. ...

External links

Categories: Box zithers | Iranian musical instruments | Turkish musical instruments | Persian music Iranian musical instruments can be broadly classified into three categories, namely classical, western and folk. ... A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. ... side view of the gaychak front view of the gaychak The ghaychak is a stringed musical instrument from Iran. ... It has been suggested that Kamancha be merged into this article or section. ... The robab (also spelled rubÄb) is a plucked string instrument from Iran. ... // History The barbat is an ancient instrument of Persian origin, refined during the Arab age into the current form of oud. ... Chang may refer to: Chang (surname), a Chinese and Korean surname. ... The dutar (Also dotar or doutar) is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Central Asia. ... The qanún is a musical string instrument used in Middle-Eastern music. ... The robab (also spelled rubÄb) is a plucked string instrument from Iran. ... Hossein Alizadeh playing the sallaneh The sallaneh (Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù†Ù‡) is a newly developed plucked string instrument made under the supervision of the Iranian musician Hossein Alizadeh, and constructed by Siamak Afshari. ... The Saz (from Persian: â€Ž , music) is a plucked stringed instrument, popular in Turkey, Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and the Balkan countries. ... Hamid Motebassem Playing Setar Setar Azerbaijani Setar Setar (Persian: Ø³Ù‡â€ŒØªØ§Ø± se three tÄr string) is an Iranian musical instrument. ... Tanbur is the name used to refer to a long necked stringed instruments used in Turkish music. ... Iranian Tar Woman playing the tar in a painting from the Hasht-Behesht Palace in Isfahan Iran, 1669 Iranian Tar The tar is a long-necked, waisted lute found in Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia and other areas near the Caucasus region. ... Front and rear views of an oud. ... A woodwind instrument is a wind instrument in which sound is produced by blowing against an edge or by a vibrating reed, and in which the pitch governed by the resonant frequencies of an enclosed air column. ... Sorna (Persian Ø³ÙˆØ±Ù†Ø§, Ø³ÙØ±Ù†Ø§ sornÄ, also Ø³ÙˆØ±Ù†Ø§ÛŒ, Ø³ÙØ±Ù†Ø§ÛŒ sornÄy, also Surna and Surnay) is an ancient Iranian woodwind instrument. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound by being struck with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. ... The word daf and similar can mean: The word daff is a colloquial short form of daffodil. ... The dhol (Punjabi: à¨¢à©‹à¨², ÚˆÚ¾ÙˆÙ„; Hindustani: à¤§à¥‹à¤², ÚˆÚ¾ÙˆÙ„; Armenian: Ô´Õ°Õ¸Õ¬) dohol (Persian: â€Ž), is a drum (a percussion musical instrument) widely used in India, usually the Punjab region, the Indian/Pakistani province of Punjab, Maharastra and Gujarat. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Tapan. ... Doyra (also dojra) is an Uzbek percussion musical instrument, which is something intemediate between a drum and a tambourine. ... Naqareh The term naqareh(Naqqarat, naqqarah/naghghareh, nakkare, kÃ¶s/kus) is the Sindhi form of the Arabic naqqarah. ... The Goblet drum is a goblet or hour-glass shaped hand drum used in Arab music, Persian music, Balkan music and Turkish music. ... A Kus (Persian Ú©ÙˆØ³ kÅ«s) is a large-sized ancient Persian kettledrum, similar to a Timpani. ... Sanj or Senj (Persian Ø³Ù†Ø¬) is a metallic Percussion Instrument, like cymbal, but much larger in diameter, cup- or bell-shaped plates. ... Turkish musical instruments can be broadly classified into five categories, namely Ottoman classical, Western influenced modern, Ottoman Harem Music, Folk music and Roman. ... A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. ... 1 Tepe - Top : Same as the body To Kifal - Head : Same as the body 2 Otia - Pegs (Ears): Same as the body 3 Goula - Neck : Same as the body 4 Spaler - Fingerboard (Slabbering bib) : Same as the body 5 Kapak - Soundboard 6 Rothounia - Soundholes (Nostrals) 7 Gaidaron - Bridge (Rider): Made... The yaylÄ± tanbur is a bowed lute from Turkey. ... Typical Turkish kanun with 79-tone mandal configuration by Ozan Yarman The qanÃºn or kanun (Arabic qÃ¢nÃ»n, from Greek ÎºÎ±Î½Ï‰Î½ measuring rod; rule akin to ÎºÎ±Î½Î½Î± cane) is a string instrument found in Near Eastern traditional music based on Maqamat. ... The Saz (from Persian: â€Ž , music) is a plucked stringed instrument, popular in Turkey, Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and the Balkan countries. ... Tanbur is the name used to refer to a long necked stringed instruments used in Turkish music. ... Iranian Tar Woman playing the tar in a painting from the Hasht-Behesht Palace in Isfahan Iran, 1669 Iranian Tar The tar is a long-necked, waisted lute found in Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia and other areas near the Caucasus region. ... Front and rear views of an oud. ... Standard CÃ¼mbÃ¼ÅŸ The cÃ¼mbÃ¼ÅŸ (IPA: , sometimes approximated as by English speakers) is a Turkish stringed instrument of relatively modern origin. ... A woodwind instrument is a wind instrument in which sound is produced by blowing against an edge or by a vibrating reed, and in which the pitch governed by the resonant frequencies of an enclosed air column. ... Turkish Zurna in Ottoman band For other meanings, see Zurna (disambiguation) and Surna (disambiguation) The Zurna (also called Surna) is a surnay woodwind instrument of Asia Minor used in traditional weddings along with a Davul. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... // Definition An ancient word for bagpipes in Trebizond are in the text of Evliya Ã‡elebi (17. ... The gaida (also spelled gajda) is a bagpipe from South Eastern Europe (The Balkans). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A 1919 Kaval. ... The sipsi is a Turkish woodwind instrument. ... A duduk player The duduk (pronounced ) is a traditional woodwind instrument popular in the Caucasus region. ... A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound by being struck with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. ... Moroccan bendir with snares The bendir (erbeni or arbani) is a frame drum used as a traditional instrument throughout North Africa, more specifically in Tunisia. ... The word daf and similar can mean: The word daff is a colloquial short form of daffodil. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Tapan. ... The Goblet drum is a goblet or hour-glass shaped hand drum used in Arab music, Persian music, Balkan music and Turkish music. ... Naqareh The term naqareh(Naqqarat, naqqarah/naghghareh, nakkare, kÃ¶s/kus) is the Sindhi form of the Arabic naqqarah. ... A Kus (Persian Ú©ÙˆØ³ kÅ«s) is a large-sized ancient Persian kettledrum, similar to a Timpani. ... A Turkish crescent, (also Turkish jingle, Chinese pavilion, jingling johnny, Schellenbaum, chapeau chinois) is a percussion instrument consisting of a long pole with numerous bells connected to one end, using crescent shaped crosspieces. ...

Contents

History

Famous Santur Players

See also

External links