A Wild Blue Satellite Internet dish.

Satellite internet services are used in locations where terrestrial Internet access is not available and in locations which move frequently. Internet access via satellite is available globally, including vessels at sea. There are three types of satellite Internet service: Image File history File links Summary This is a dish for Wild Blue Satellite Internet service. ... Image File history File links Summary This is a dish for Wild Blue Satellite Internet service. ... Terrestrial literally means of the earth and is used in a variety of contexts: In biology and in the general sense, terrestrial means indicates ground-dwelling (compare aquatic). ... A satellite is any object that orbits another object (which is known as its primary). ... The adjective global and adverb globally imply that the verb or noun to which they are applied applies to the entire Earth and all of its species and regions. ...

• one-way multicast,
• one-way with terrestrial return, and
• two-way satellite access.

A one-way function is a function which is easy to calculate but hard to invert — it is difficult to calculate the input to the function given its output. ... Orange circles represent endpoints, and green circles represent routing points. ... A two-way street is a street that allows vehicles to travel in both directions. ...

One-way multicast

One-way multicast satellite Internet systems are used for IP multicast-based data, audio and video distribution. In the U.S., an FCC license is required only for the uplink station and no license is required for users. Note that most Internet protocols will not work correctly over one-way access, since they require a return channel. However, Internet content such as web pages can still be distributed over a one-way system by "pushing" them out to local storage at end user sites, though full interactivity is not possible. This is much like a TV or radio content which offers little user interface. The Internet Protocol (IP) is a data-oriented protocol used by source and destination hosts for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork. ... Orange circles represent endpoints, and green circles represent routing points. ... The FCCs official seal. ... A Web page or webpage is a resource on the World Wide Web, usually in HTML/XHTML format (the file extensions are typically htm or html) and with hypertext links to enable navigation from one page or section to another. ...

System hardware components

Similar to one-way terrestrial return, satellite Internet may include interfaces to the Public Switched Telephone Network for squawk box applications. An Internet connection is not required, but many applications include an FTP server to queue data for broadcast. The public switched telephone network (PSTN) is the concentration of the worlds public circuit-switched telephone networks, in much the same way that the Internet is the concentration of the worlds public IP-based packet-switched networks. ... It has been suggested that FTP over SSH be merged into this article or section. ...

System software components

Most one-way multicast applications require custom programming at the remote sites. The software at the remote site must filter, store, present a selection interface to and display the data. The software at the Teleport must provide access control, priority queueing, sending, and encapsulating of the data.

One-way with terrestrial return

One-way terrestrial return satellite Internet systems are used with traditional dial-up access to the Internet, with outbound data travelling through a telephone modem, but downloads are sent via satellite at a speed near that of broadband Internet access. In the U.S., a FCC license is only required for the uplink station, no license is required for the users. Terrestrial literally means of the earth and is used in a variety of contexts: In biology and in the general sense, terrestrial means indicates ground-dwelling (compare aquatic). ... Dial-up access is an inexpensive but slow form of Internet access in which the client uses a modem connected to the computer and a telephone line to dial the Internet service providers (ISP) node, a dial-up server type such as the Point-to-Point Protocol and TCP... A modem (a portmanteau word constructed from modulator and demodulator) is a device that modulates a carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. ... A WildBlue Satellite Internet dish. ...

System hardware components

The transmitting station is called the Teleport (also called "Head End", "Uplink Facility", or "Hub"). It has two components:

• Internet Connection: The ISP's routers connect to proxy servers which can enforce QoS (Quality of Service) bandwidth limits and guarantees for user traffic. These are then connected to a DVB Encapsulator which is then connected to a DVB-S modem. The RF signal from the DVB-S modem is connected to an up converter which is connected via feedline, to the outdoor unit.
• Satellite uplink: The Block Up Converter (BUC) and Low Noise Block (LNB) connects to the splitter which uses a wave guide (optional) to connect to the OMT which is bolted to the feedhorn which is connected by metal "arms" to the satellite dish and mount.

At the remote locations (Earth Stations) the setup consists of: A proxy server is a computer that offers a computer network service to allow clients to make indirect network connections to other network services. ... In the fields of packet-switched networks and computer networking, the traffic engineering term Quality of Service (QoS) refers to the probability of the telecommunication network meeting a given traffic contract, or in many cases is used informally to refer to the probability of a packet succeeding in passing between... DVB, short for Digital Video Broadcasting, is a suite of internationally accepted, open standards for digital television maintained by the DVB Project, an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and published by a Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC... A modem (a portmanteau word constructed from modulator and demodulator) is a device that modulates a carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. ... There are several types of converter: catalytic converter a voltage converter: electromagnetic transformer switched-mode power supply low-noise block converter scan converter between video formats Programming Converter between programming languagess A converter is also what some people call a remote control. ... The word feed has a number of uses: Feeding is supplying food. ... A Block Up Converter (BUC) is used in the transmission (uplink) of Satellite signals. ... The LNB may refer to the: Low-noise block converter - Used in communications satellite Ligue Nationale de Basketball - French professionnal basketball league This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A split-finger fastball or splitter, is a pitch in baseball and a variant of the straight fastball. ... In physics, optics, and telecommunication, a waveguide is a structure that confines and guides a propagating electromagnetic wave. ... The object-modeling technique (OMT) is an object modeling language for software modeling and designing. ... In satellite dish and antenna design parlance, a feedhorn (or feed horn) is a horn antenna used to convey radio waves between the transceiver (transmitter and/or receiver) and the reflector. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Look up Mount in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The word mount (from the Latin mons, mountain or hill) has many meanings: A mount is a Riding animal, i. ...

• Outdoor Unit
  • Satellite dish w/mount
  • Feedhorn (only if Direct broadcast satellite)
  • Universal Low Noise Block (LNB), this is, Ku band.
  • Feedline
• Indoor Unit
  • DVB-S PCI Card (in a computer) or DVB external modem (via USB or similar port).

Each remote location is also equipped with a modem; the connections for this are as with a conventional dial-up ISP. Two way satellite systems may sometimes use the modem channel in both directions for data where latency is more important than bandwidth, reserving the satellite channel for download data where bandwidth is more important than latency, such as for file transfers. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Look up Mount in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The word mount (from the Latin mons, mountain or hill) has many meanings: A mount is a Riding animal, i. ... In satellite dish and antenna design parlance, a feedhorn (or feed horn) is a horn antenna used to convey radio waves between the transceiver (transmitter and/or receiver) and the reflector. ... Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) is a term used to refer to satellite television broadcasts intended for home reception, also refered to as direct-to-home signals. ... The LNB may refer to the: Low-noise block converter - Used in communications satellite Ligue Nationale de Basketball - French professionnal basketball league This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Ku band (kay-yoo kurz-under band) is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies ranging from 11 to 18 GHz. ... The word feed has a number of uses: Feeding is supplying food. ... DVB, short for Digital Video Broadcasting, is a suite of internationally accepted, open standards for digital television maintained by the DVB Project, an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and published by a Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC... A modem (a portmanteau word constructed from modulator and demodulator) is a device that modulates a carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. ... Note: USB may also mean upper sideband in radio. ...

System software components

Remote sites require a minimum of programming to provide authenication and set Proxy server settings. Filtering is usually provided by the DVB card driver.

Often, non-standard IP stacks are used to address the latency and asymmetry problems of the satellite connection. Data sent over the satellite link is generally also encrypted, as otherwise it would be accessible to anyone with a satellite receiver.

Many IP-over-satellite implementations use paired proxy servers at both endpoints so that clients and servers do not need to accept the latency inherent in a satellite connection. For similar reasons, there exist special VPN implementations designed for use over satellite links because standard VPN software cannot handle the long packet travel times.

Upload speeds are limited by one's dialup modem, and latency is high, as it is for any satellite based Internet. Download speeds can be very fast compared to dialup:1Mbps,4Mbps,16Mbps packages are generally offered.

Theory of operation

Remote sites use the Proxy server at the Teleport, which is configured to route all outbound traffic to the QoS Server, which makes sure no user exceeds their allotted bandwidth or monthly traffic limits. Traffic is then sent to the Encapsulator, which puts the IP packets inside of DVB packets. The DVB packets are then sent to the DVB modem and then to the transmitter (BUC). A proxy server is a computer that offers a computer network service to allow clients to make indirect network connections to other network services. ... In satellite communication, Teleport refers to a Earth Station Hub, or Uplink Facility. ... The Internet Protocol (IP) is a data-oriented protocol used by source and destination hosts for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork. ...

Two-way

Two-way satellite Internet sends data from remote sites via satellite to a hub, which then sends the data to the Internet. The satellite dish at each location must be precisely positioned to avoid interference with other satellites. The oscillators in some radar detectors can cause interference with these systems. Also, each location must use power management to adjust the amount of transmit power to compensate for things like rain fade. There are several types of two way satellite Internet services, such as TDMA or SCPC. M*A*S*H , see Corporal Walter (Radar) OReilly. ... In satellite communications, rain fade refers to the absorption of a microwave Radio Frequency (RF) signal by rain or snow, and is especially prevalent in frequencies above 11 GHz. ... Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is a technology for shared medium (usually radio) networks. ... Single channel per carrier (SCPC) refers to using a single signal at a given frequency and bandwidth. ...

Uplink speeds rarely exceed one megabit per second and latency can be up to one second. Satellite phone services such as Iridium also provide data services at the comparatively slow speed of 2400 bit/s. The Iridium satellite constellation is a system of 66 active communication satellites and spares around the Earth. ...

See the standard DVB-RCS. DVB, short for Digital Video Broadcasting, is a suite of internationally accepted, open standards for digital television maintained by the DVB Project, an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and published by a Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC...

Reducing satellite latency

The only real alternative is to use satellites in much lower orbit very close to the Earth, to shorten the travel distance. Such orbital paths are no longer geostationary, and so would require a large number of satellites in orbit so that at least one is visible in the sky at all times. Communication dishes could no longer be fixed, and would either need some way to track the satellites as they move across the sky, or to work in an omnidirectional manner without causing interference for anything else. The lower orbits would also subject the satellites to a slight drag effect from the upper atmosphere, requiring a need for some way to boost the orbits back up as the satellites gradually slow down. A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit in which objects such as satellites are below intermediate circular orbit (ICO) and far below geostationary orbit, but typically around 350 - 1400 km above the Earths surface. ... An omnidirectional antenna is an antenna system which radiates maximum power uniformly in all directions. ...

A theoretical alternative to satellites that is being explored is the use of ultralight solar-powered airplane (see the Helios Prototype) or an airship (see Stratellite) that could fly in a continuous a circling path perhaps 70,000 feet (20 km) high. These would act as flying satellites, providing high-speed service to customers below the aircraft. Since the roundtrip signal distance would only be 30 miles, the latency caused by the speed of light is an almost insignificant 0.1 ms under the craft, and 2 ms at the edge of the covered area, at a 300 km (200 miles) distance. (Note that the aircraft work is still in the experimental stages.).. Solar power describes a number of methods of harnessing energy from the light of the sun. ... Helios Prototype is the name of a solar- and fuel cell system-powered uninhabited aerial vehicle that NASA tested. ... Image of Sanswire One, a prototype Stratellite. ...

See also

• Back-channel and return channel.
• Satellite dish.
• StarBand.
• VSAT.

// In telecommunications It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Return channel. ... It has been suggested that Back-channel be merged into this article or section. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... StarBand is a U.S. provider of one-way and two-way satellite broadband Internet technology and service. ... VSAT is short for Very Small Aperture Terminal. ...

External links

• Corporate Satellite Internet Provider
• Lamit Company Two way Satellite Internet
• Expert Satellite Internet Free Advices
• Satellite Entertaiment Guide and Latest News
• Two-way Cost-effective Broadband via Satellite System featuring Shared and Dedicated Bandwidth Internet Access
• DVB-RCS terminal] for broadband satellite internet.
• Wildblue internet
• Wildblue Tech Forum
• DirecWay (Formerly DirecPC)
• Servicesat - The Satellite Communications Experts
• StarBand
• Satellite Service Providers Compare and review on top satellite tv, radio and internet service providers
• StarBand two-way Residential Internet.
• Inmarsat
• BusinessCom Internet via Satellite Professional Satellite Internet, VSAT and VoIP Services Worldwide
• Bluestream Broadband
• BNL - LinkStar services for Home, SOHO, Enterprise and Internet Cafe. Satellite Internet in Middle East
• BNL-Africa - LinkStar and iDirect services for Home, SOHO, Enterprise and Internet Cafe with global African coverage. Satellite Internet in Africa
• Satellite Internet and VSAT Information Centrum
• Astra home satellite internet
• Worldwide satellite internet beam coverage maps
• Global Satellite Internet Access
• Sat How-To.
• Internet satellite forums
• Internet Satellite Forum
• DVB-RCS sytem provider, Newtec
• Bigest DVB-RCS network. Aramiska