Satsuma is also an American city, Satsuma, Alabama.
There is also a variety of Mandarin orange called a Satsuma (fruit).
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Satsumas were grown commercially along the US Gulf Coast from South Carolina to Texas until back-to-back freezes in the late 1890's discouraged replanting.
Satsumas are commonly grown along the Gulf Coast in zone 8B, where they need some protection only during the very coldest nights, maybe once every 5-10 years on average.
Satsumas are usually grafted onto trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings; most other mandarin cultivars are grafted onto 'Cleopatra' mandarin seedlings.
During the Sengoku period, Satsuma was a fief of the Shimazu daimyo, who ruled much of southern Kyushu from their castle at Kagoshima city.
In 1871, with the abolition of feudal domains and the establishment of prefectures after the Meiji Restoration, the provinces of Satsuma and Osumi were combined to eventually establish Kagoshima prefecture.
Satsuma was one of the main provinces that rose in opposition to the Tokugawa shogunate in the mid 19th century.
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