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Encyclopedia > Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo
Current event marker This article or section contains information regarding a scheduled or expected spaceflight.
Due to the nature of the content, details may change dramatically as the launch date approaches and/or more information becomes available.
Richard Branson (right) presents the Governor of New Mexico Bill Richardson with (possibly) an early scale model of Virgin SpaceShip (VSS) aka SpaceShipTwo

SpaceShipTwo is a suborbital spaceplane currently under development by The Spaceship Company, a joint venture between Scaled Composites and Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Group, as part of the Tier 1b program. The Virgin Galactic spaceliner plans to operate a fleet of five of these craft in passenger-carrying private spaceflight service starting in late 2009.[1][2] Image File history File links Current_event_marker. ... ISS in earth orbit. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2550x2100, 1776 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ares V Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2000x1472, 2589 KB) http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2000x1472, 2589 KB) http://www. ... William Blaine Bill Richardson (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician and a member of the Democratic Party. ... A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight) is a spaceflight that does not involve putting a vehicle into orbit. ... A spaceplane is a rocket plane designed to pass the edge of space. ... The Spaceship Company is a spacecraft manufacturing company formed by Burt Rutan and Richard Branson, jointly owned by Virgin Group and Scaled Composites, which will own the techology created by Scaled for Virgin Galctics Virgin SpaceShip program. ... Scaled Composites (often abbreviated as Scaled), formerly the Rutan Aircraft Factory, is located at the Mojave Spaceport, Mojave, California, United States and is headed by famous aircraft designer Burt Rutan. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... The Virgin Group Ltd is a group of separately run companies that each use Virgin brand of English celebrity business tycoon Sir Richard Branson. ... Tier 1b is Burt Rutans nickname for the SpaceShipTwo/White Knight Two suborbital tourist human spaceflight platform in development at Scaled Composites with Mojave Aerospace Ventures by The Spaceship Company for Virgin Galactic. ... Virgin Galactic is a company within Sir Richard Bransons Virgin Group, which plans to offer sub-orbital spaceflights and later orbital spaceflights to the paying public. ... This space for sale Private spaceflight is flight above 100km Earth altitude conducted by an entity other than a government. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

Design and development

A screenshot from a concept video

The first spacecraft to be completed will be named VSS (Virgin Space Ship) Enterprise in honor of the fictional Starship Enterprise. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


The SpaceShipTwo craft is, in part, based on technology developed for SpaceShipOne as part of the Scaled Composites Tier One program, funded by Paul Allen. The Spaceship Company is licensing this technology from Paul Allen's Mojave Aerospace Ventures. Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne SpaceShipOnes patch The Scaled Composites Model 316 SpaceShipOne is an experimental air-launched suborbital spaceplane that uses a hybrid rocket motor. ... Tier One is Scaled Composites program of suborbital human spaceflight using the reusable spacecraft SpaceShipOne and its launcher White Knight. ... Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21, 1953 in Seattle, Washington) is an American entrepreneur who formed Microsoft with Bill Gates. ... Mojave Aerospace Ventures (MAV) is a company founded by Paul Allen and Burt Rutan to handle the commercial spinoffs from the Tier One project. ...


According to an interview with designer Burt Rutan, the new craft will fly higher and have a longer downrange than SpaceShipOne, somewhere between 100 to 200 miles (160 to 320 kilometers). The maximum capacity will be eight people: six paying passengers and two pilots. Elbert Leander Burt Rutan (born June 17, 1943 in Estacada, Oregon) is an American aerospace engineer noted for his originality in designing light, strong, unusual-looking, energy-efficient aircraft. ... Downrange is the horizontal distance travelled by a spacecraft, or the spacecrafts horizontal distance from the launch site. ...


SpaceShipTwo will reach a speed of roughly 4000 km/h (2500 mph), using a single hybrid rocket motor. SpaceShipTwo uses a feathered re-entry system, feasible due to the low speed of re-entry — by contrast, space shuttles and other orbital spacecraft re-enter at orbital speeds, closer to 25000 km/h (16000 mph), requiring the use of heat shields. SpaceShipTwo will carry 6 passengers and 2 pilots and launch in midair at 15 km from its mother ship, WhiteKnightTwo. A hybrid rocket propulsion system comprises propellants of two different states of matter, the most common configuration being a rocket engine composed of a solid propellant lining a combustion chamber into which a liquid or gaseous propellant is injected so as to undergo a strong exothermic reaction to produce hot...


The BBC reports that SpaceShipTwo's crew cabin will have about the same diameter as a Gulfstream V business jet, which is roughly 6 feet high by 7 feet wide (1.8 by 2.1 meters). Rutan is designing towards a maximum altitude of between 84 and 87 miles (135 to 140 km). The design of these craft was completed in late 2005, and the vehicle simulator was complete and construction had started by March 2006.[3] The Gulfstream G500 is a private jet aircraft produced by Gulfstream Aerospace, Savannah, Georgia, USA, a General Dynamics company. ...


Both SpaceShipTwo and its new carrier aircraft, White Knight Two (first craft called Eve after Richard Branson's mother), will be roughly three times the size of the first generation spacecraft and mothership that won the Ansari X Prize. While details remain scant (although a sketch of SpaceShipTwo has appeared in Popular Mechanics[4]), designer Burt Rutan says that SpaceShipTwo will have large porthole windows[5] for the passengers' viewing pleasure, and all seats will recline back during landing to help decrease the discomfort of G-forces.[6] Reportedly, the craft can land safely even if "catastrophic damage" occurs during the flight.[7] Scaled Composites White Knight Two or Eve is the first stage of a two-stage to suborbital-space manned launch system. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... The X prize logo shows a stylised letter X representing a spacecraft trajectory and containing a starfield. ... The adolescent Internet. ...


Explosion

On 26 July 2007 a fatal explosion occurred at the Mojave airport during a fuel flow test which included filling the oxidizer tank with 10,000 pounds of Nitrous Oxide followed by a 15 second cold flow injector test. [8] The explosion occured around 2:30pm, though the tests themselves did not involve igniting the gas. Three employees were killed with a further three injured, two "critically" and one "seriously", through shrapnel wounds.[9] Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... is the 207th day of the year (208th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... R-phrases S-phrases Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... It has been suggested that Fragmentation (weaponry) be merged into this article or section. ...


Commercial introduction

The vehicle itself will not be unveiled to the public until just before flight testing starts, in late 2007.


Following a series of 50-100 test flights, the first paying customers are expected to fly aboard the craft in late 2009.[5]


In August 2005, the president of space tourism company Virgin Galactic stated that if the upcoming suborbital service with SpaceShipTwo is successful, the follow-up SpaceShipThree will be an orbital craft.[10] 2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Deaths in August August 31: Michael Sheard August 26: Lord Fitt August 24: Jack Slipper August 24: Maurice Cowling August 24: Dr. Tom Pashby August 23: Brock Peters August 22: Lord Lane August 21: Robert Moog August... The Scaled Composites SpaceShipThree is a proposed orbital spaceplane to be developed by Virgin Galactic and Scaled Composites if SpaceShipTwo is successful. ...


On 28 September 2006, Sir Richard Branson unveiled a mock-up of the SpaceShipTwo at the NextFest exposition, held in the Javits Convention Center in New York.[11] is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... ...


Spacecraft

Five vehicles have been ordered by Virgin Galactic. As of September 2006, only one has been named, the Virgin Space Ship Enterprise, and is in development. 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The VSS Enterprise is the first commercial spaceship being constructed by Virgin Galactic, based on the design of SpaceShipOne. ...

  1. VSS Enterprise (currently in development, named 28 September 2006)[12]
  2. VSS Voyager (rumour,scheduled to be named in 2008)[13]
  3. Not Named
  4. Not Named
  5. Not Named

The VSS Enterprise is the first commercial spaceship being constructed by Virgin Galactic, based on the design of SpaceShipOne. ... is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Virgin Galactic is a company in Richard Bransons Virgin Group, which plans to offer spaceflights to the paying public. ...

Flight

More than 65,000 would-be space tourists have applied for the first batch of 100 tickets to be available. The price will initially be US$200,000.[14] However, the deposit for the passengers going in the first year, but after the first 100 is around $100,000. The deposit after the first year will drop to around $20,000.The duration of the flight will be approximately 2.5 hours, and weekly launches are planned.


Launch site

The SpaceShipTwo craft will initially take off from the Mojave Spaceport in California. Spaceport America (formerly Southwest Regional Spaceport), a $200 million spaceport in New Mexico partly funded by the state government, will become the permanent launch site starting in 2009.[15] Mojave Airport, storage location for commercial airliners. ... Spaceport America (Also known as Southwest Regional Spaceport) is located on 27 square-miles of state-owned desert near Upham, New Mexico, 45 miles north of Las Cruces, and 30 miles east of Truth or Consequences. ... A spaceport is a site for launching spacecraft, by analogy with airport for aircraft. ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ...


The company has also shown interest in building spaceports in other parts of the world, including Sweden, Saudi Arabia, and the UK.[16] However, the likelihood of these other launching points depends on the success of the initial spaceports in Mojave and New Mexico.


References

  1. ^ Leonard David. Virgin Galactic Spaceliner Steps Forward. Space News. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  2. ^ Jeff Hecht (29 July 2005). Space tourism company to fly in 2008. New Scientist. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  3. ^ Michael Belfiore (March 31, 2006). Virgin Galactic and Orion Propulsion updates. michaelbelfiore.com. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  4. ^ Logan Ward (October, 2006). Burt Rutan: Final Frontiersman. PopularMechanics.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-30.
  5. ^ a b jnhtx (87543) (July 30 2006). Notes on Rutan presentations at EAA Oshkosh. Slashdot. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  6. ^ Tariq Malik (28 September 2006). Virgin Galactic Unveils SpaceShipTwo Interior Concept. Space News. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  7. ^ Peter de Selding. Virgin Galactic Customers Parting with Their Cash. Space News. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  8. ^ FELIX DOLIGOSA JR.,The Bakersfield Californian. 27 July 2007. "[1]". Retrieved on 28 July 2007.
  9. ^ Abdollah, Tami and Silverstein, Stuart. Los Angeles Times. 27 July 2007. "3 killed, 3 injured in explosion at rocket test site in Mojave". Retrieved on 27 July 2007.
  10. ^ SpaceShipThree poised to follow if SS2 succeeds. Flight International (23 August 2005). Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  11. ^ Sophie Morrison (30 September 2006). Buckled up for white knuckle ride. BBC News. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  12. ^ Scale comparison chart of Spaceshipone and Spaceshiptwo. Gizmodo. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  13. ^ One small step for space tourism.... The Economist (16 December 2004). Retrieved on 22 July 2007.
  14. ^ Rich Chinese buying tickets to space. Zee News. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
  15. ^ Virgin Spaceport to Be Built in N.M.. Associated Press (13 December 2005). Retrieved on 22 July 2007.
  16. ^ MPs urged to back space tourism. BBC News (21 February 2007). Retrieved on 2007-04-06.

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External links

is the 79th day of the year (80th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... is the 278th day of the year (279th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Related content

Designation sequence: SpaceShipOne SpaceShipTwo SpaceShipThree
Related development: White Knight One White Knight Two White Knight Three
Development program: Tier One Tier 1b Tier Two
Comparable aircraft: North American X-15, NASA X-38 & Space Shuttle

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Burt Rutan's designs are characterized by the use of lightweight composite materials, innovation, which is akin to the transition in aircraft construction from wood and fabric to metal.
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