NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Scottish cuisine

Scottish cuisine shares much with that of other parts of the British Isles but has distinctive attributes and recipes of its own, thanks to foreign and local influences both ancient and modern. Traditional dishes exist alongside international foods brought by immigration and a Scottish public eager to try new dishes. Asian cuisine is a term for the various cuisines of South, East and Southeast Asia and for fusion dishes based on combining them. ... See the individual entries for: Austrian cuisine British cuisine English cuisine Scottish cuisine Welsh cuisine Anglo-Indian cuisine Modern British cuisine Belgian cuisine Czech cuisine Danish cuisine Dutch cuisine Finnish cuisine French cuisine Basque cuisine German cuisine Hungarian cuisine Icelandic cuisine Irish cuisine Italian cuisine Cuisine of Sicily Lappish cuisine... Caribbean cuisine is a fusion of African, Amerindian, French, Indian, and Spanish cuisine. ... South Asian cuisine includes the cuisines of the South Asia. ... See the individual entries for: Argentine cuisine Brazilian cuisine Mexican cuisine South American cuisine . ... The term Middle Eastern cuisine refers to the various cuisines of the Middle East. ... North American cuisine is a term used for foods native to or popular in countries of North America. ... Cuisine of Africa reflects indigenous traditions, as well as influences from Arabs, Europeans, and Asians. ... Cooking is the act of applying heat to food in order to prepare it for ingestion. ... This is a list of food preparation utensils, also known as kitchenware. ... // United States measures Note that the measurements in this section are in U.S. customary units. ... This is a list of famous and notable chefs. ... A kitchen is a room used for food preparation and sometimes entertainment. ... For the coarsely ground flour, see flour. ... British cuisine is shaped by the countrys temperate climate, its island geography and its history. ...

Scotland's natural larder of game, dairy, fish, fruit and vegetables is the integral factor in traditional Scots cooking, with a high reliance on simplicity and a lack of spices from abroad, which were often very expensive. However while many inveterate dishes such as Scotch Broth (et cetera below) can be considered healthy, the nature of many commonly consumed dishes, rich in fats and low quality meats, contributes to the high rates of heart disease and obesity in the country. In recent times greater importance has been placed on the consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, but many Scots, particularly those of low incomes, continue to have extremely poor diets, a contributing factor to the high mortality rate from coronary conditions.^[1] Motto: (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity(English) Wha daur meddle wi me? (Scots)[1] Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic, Scots[2] Government - Queen Queen Elizabeth II - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification - by Kenneth I... Scotch broth is a filling soup, originating in Scotland but now obtainable world wide. ... Heart disease is an umbrella term for a number of different diseases which affect the heart. ...

Despite this, Scottish cuisine is enjoying a renaissance, with nine Michelin starred restaurants operating in the country in 2006, serving traditional or Fusion cuisine made with local ingredients. In most towns, Chinese and Indian take-away restaurants exist side-by-side with traditional fish and chip shops; larger towns and cities offer cuisine ranging from Thai and Japanese to Mexican, Polish or Turkish. The Michelin Guide or Michelin Red Guide is a guide book about restaurants and hotels, published by the Michelin company. ... Fusion cuisine combines elements of various culinary traditions whilst not fitting specifically into any. ... Take-out, carry-out ( in American English ) or take-away ( in British English ) is food purchased at a restaurant but eaten elsewhere. ... Fish and chips in wrapping paper Fish and chips is deep-fried fish in batter with deep-fried potatoes, and is a popular take-away food. ...

History

Scotland, with its temperate climate and abundance of indigenous game species, has provided a cornucopia of food for its inhabitants for millennia. The wealth of seafood available on and off the coasts provided the earliest settlers with their sustenance. Agriculture was introduced, with primitive oats quickly becoming the staple. Species References ITIS 41455 2002-09-22 Oats are the seeds of any of several cereal grains in the genus Avena. ...

In common with many mediæval European neighbours, Scotland was a feudal state for a greater part of the second millennium A.D.. This put certain restrictions on what one was allowed to hunt, therefore to eat. In the halls of the great men of the realm, one could expect venison, boar, various fowl and songbirds, expensive spices (pepper, cloves, cinnamon &c.), as well as the meats of domesticated species. From the Journeyman down to the lowest cottar, meat was an expensive commodity, and would be consumed rarely. For the lower echelons of Mediæval Scots, it was the products of their animals rather than the beasts themselves which provided nourishment. This is evident today in traditional Scots fayre, with its emphasis on dairy produce. It would appear that the average meal would consist of a pottage of herbs and roots, (and when available some meat or stock for flavouring) bread and cheese when possible. Venison is the modern term for the meat of deer, elk, red deer, moose, caribou, and pronghorn. ... // Binomial name Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 The Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig. ... Look up pepper in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about spices, the word clove is also used to describe a segment of a head of garlic and a clove hitch is a useful kind of knot. ... Binomial name Cinnamomum verum J.Presl Cassia (Indonesian cinnamon) is also commonly called (and sometimes sold as) cinnamon. ... // A journeyman is a tradesman or craftsman who has completed an apprenticeship but is not yet able to set up his or her own workshop as a master. ... A cotter, or cottar, is a peasant farmer formerly in the Scottish Highlands. ... Potage (also called Pottage) is a type of soup where meat and vegetables are boiled together with water until it forms into a thick soup. ...

Before Sir Walter Raleigh's introduction of the potato to the British Isles, the Scots' main sources of carbohydrate was gained from bread made from oats or barley. Wheat was generally difficult to grow because of the damp climate. Food thrift was evident from the earliest times, with excavated middens displaying little evidence of anything but the toughest bones. All parts of an animal were used. Alternatively, Professor Walter Raleigh was a scholar and author circa 1900. ... Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. ... Binomial name Hordeum vulgare L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae. ... A midden, or kitchen midden, is a dump for domestic waste. ...

The mobile nature of Scots society in the past required food that would not spoil quickly. It was common to carry a small bag of oatmeal that could be transformed into a basic porridge or oatcakes using a Girdle. It is theorised that Scotland's national dish, Haggis, originated in a similar way: A small amount of offal or low-quality meat, carried in the most inexpensive bag available, a sheep or pig's stomach. It has also been suggested that this dish was introduced by Norse invaders who were attempting to preserve their food during the long journey from Scandinavia.^[2] This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Wikibooks Cookbook has more about this subject: Oatcake An oatcake is a type of cracker or pancake, made from oatmeal, and sometimes flour as well. ... cast-iron iron enamel stainless steel The cooking pan is a type of food preparation utensil commonly found in the kitchen which includes many more specific cooking vessels such as saucepans and frying pans (or fry pans). ... an uncooked small haggis Haggis is a traditional Scottish dish. ... Scrapple sandwich at the Delaware state fair Offal is the entrails and internal organs of a butchered animal. ... Norseman redirects here; for the town of the same name see Norseman, Western Australia. ... Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region centered on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe and includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. ...

French Influence

During the Late Middle Ages, and the Early Modern Period, the cuisine of France started to play a role in Scottish cookery due to the cultural exchanges brought by the "Auld Alliance"^[3]. and especially during the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots. Mary, on her return to Scotland brought an entourage of French staff who are considered responsible for revolutionising Scots cooking and for some of Scotland's unique food terminology. This influence continued until the downfall of Jacobitism and the defeat at Culloden, when Scotland came into the cultural sphere of England, and the faculties of continental gastronomy were out of bounds. Dante by Michelino The Late Middle Ages is a term used by historians to describe European history in the period of the 14th and 15th centuries (1300â€“1500 A.D.). The Late Middle Ages were preceded by the High Middle Ages, and followed by the Early Modern era (Renaissance). ... The early modern period is a term used by historians to refer to the period in Western Europe and its first colonies, between the Middle Ages and modern society. ... French cuisine is characterized by its extreme diversity. ... The Auld Alliance refers to a series of treaties, offensive and defensive in nature, between Scotland and France aimed specifically against an aggressive and expansionist England. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... Combatants British Army Jacobite Forces Commanders William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender Strength ca. ...

French derived cooking terms

With the advent of the Sporting estate and enclosure in the eighteenth century, harvesting Scotland's larder became an industry. The railways further expanded the scope of the market, with Scots' Grouse at a premium (as today), on English Metropolitan menus shortly after the 12th of August. IPA may refer to: The International Phonetic Alphabet or India Pale Ale ... For other uses of the term see Enclosure (disambiguation) Enclosure (also inclosure) is the process of conversion of common land to private ownership. ... When the word metropolitan (from the Greek metera = mother and polis = town) is used as an adjective, as in metropolitan bishop, metropolitan France, or metropolitan area it can mean: of or characteristic of a metropolis; see also metropolitan area, Metropolitan Police, Metropolitan Railway of or belonging to the home territories... The Glorious Twelfth is usually used to refer to August 12, the start of the open season for grouse shooting in the United Kingdom. ...

20th and 21st centuries

Scotland, in common with the other parts of the British Isles, suffered during the twentieth century. Rationing during the conflicts that affected that period, as well as large scale industrial agriculture, limited the diversity of food available to the public (see:Rationing in the United Kingdom). Imports from the British Empire and beyond did, however, introduce new foods to the Scottish public. But processed foods have become more and more popular, particularly among the youth: the schoolchildren of Glasgow have been reported as eating a large amount of processed foods.^[4]. // Preface At the beginning of World War II Britain imported 55 million tons of foodstuffs per year, including more than 50% of its meat, 70% of its cheese and sugar, nearly 80% of fruits and about 90% of cereals and fats. ... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... Glaswegian redirects here. ...

Recently there seems to be a resurgence in traditional restaurants, gastro-pubs are abounding, and farmer's markets increasing their scope, not to mention the influence New Scots have had on the national palate. New Scots is term used to describe people of any background who have emigrated to Scotland. ...

During the 19/20th c. there was large scale immigration to Scotland from Italy, and later from the Middle East, Pakistan and India. These cultures have influenced Scots cooking dramatically. The Italians reintroduced the standard of fresh produce, and the later comers introduced spice. An urban myth maybe, but it is alleged that the Chicken Tikka Masala curry was invented in Glasgow. With the enlargement of the European Union in the early years of the 21st c., there has been a noted increase in the population of Eastern European descent, from Poland in particular. It is too early to assess the impact that this will have on the future of Scots cookery, but a number of speciality restaurants and delicatessens catering for the various new immigrants have opened in the larger towns and cities. A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Traditional Scottish Specialities

Soups

Cullen Skink is a Scottish soup made of smoked haddock, potatoes and Onions. ... Cock-a-leekie soup is a Scottish soup dish of leeks, potatoes, and chicken stock. ... Partan Bree is a seafood speciality from North-Eastern Scotland, where much of the countrys fishing fleet is based. ... Scotch broth is a filling soup, originating in Scotland but now obtainable world wide. ...

Seafood

Arbroath Smokies are a local specialty of Arbroath, of county Angus in Scotland. ... Crappit Heid (English: Stuffed Head) is a traditional Scots fish course, and can be considered a variation on the theme of Haggis and Black Pudding. ... Binomial name Melanogrammus aeglefinus (Linnaeus, 1758) The haddock or offshore hake is a marine fish distributed on both sides of the North Atlantic. ... Kippered herring. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Herring. ... Smoked salmon is salmon, typically a fillet that has been cured using salt and generally sugar and then hot or cold smoked. ...

Meat, Poultry and Game

Black pudding or blood pudding is a sausage made by cooking animal blood with a filler until it is thick enough to congeal when cooled. ... Buccleuch Scotch beef is a beef reared on the estates of the Duke of Buccleuch and other Buccleuch farmers in Scotland. ... A bridie or Forfar bridie is a Scottish type of meat pastry or pie, originally from the town of Forfar, similar to a Cornish pasty. ... Homemade deep-fried Mars Bars The practice of deep frying a Mars Bar in batter, producing a deep-fried Mars Bar, is one reported in various media from the mid 1990s[1]. For a long while largely confined to chip shops in the west of Scotland (although it is said... an uncooked small haggis Haggis is a traditional Scottish dish. ... Collops are slices of meat. ... Mince and tatties is an extremely popular Scottish evening dish, consisting of Minced beef and Mashed potato as its main constituents. ... Head cheese (AmE) or brawn (BrE) is in fact not a cheese, but rather a terrine of meat from the head of a calf or pig (sometimes a sheep or cow) that would not otherwise be considered appealing. ... Head cheese (AmE) or brawn (BrE) is in fact not a cheese, but rather a terrine of meat from the head of a calf or pig (sometimes a sheep or cow) that would not otherwise be considered appealing. ... Angus calf with its mother Aberdeen-Angus is the original name of the breed as developed in Scotland, and the term is still in use as such in the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Beef (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest species of deer in the world. ... Genera Tetrao Lagopus Falcipennis Centrocercus Bonasa Dendrapagus Tympanuchus Grouse are from the order Galliformes which inhabit temperate and subarctic regions of the northern hemisphere. ... Species Eurasian Woodcock, Amami Woodcock, Bukidnon Woodcock, Dusky Woodcock, Sulawesi Woodcock, Moluccan Woodcock, American Woodcock, The woodcock are a group of seven very similar wading bird species in the genus Scolopax, characterised by a long slender bill and cryptic brown and blackish plumage. ... Genera Coenocorypha Gallinago Lymnocryptes A Snipe is any of nearly 20 very similar wading bird species characterised by a very long slender bill and cryptic plumage. ... Binomial name Morus bassanus Linnaeus, 1758 Northern Gannet range The Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus, formerly Sula bassana) is a large seabird of the gannet family, Sulidae. ... A Scotch egg is a snack food of Scottish origin consisting of a cold, hard-boiled egg removed from its shell, wrapped in a sausage meat mixture, coated in breadcrumbs, and deep-fried. ... A Scotch pie is a double-crust mutton pie originating in Scotland but also popular in England. ... Skirlie is a traditional Scottish dish. ... Square sausage, served with black pudding, baked beans, fried bread and mushrooms Sliced sausage (often known as square sausage, or lorne sausage) is a delicacy most often enjoyed in Scotland. ... Stovies Stovies are a traditional Scottish dish. ...

Vegetables

Kale (also called Borecole) is a form of cabbage (Brassica oleracea Acephala Group), green in color, in which the central leaves do not form a head. ... Binomial name Solanum tuberosum L. The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a perennial plant of the Solanaceae, or nightshade, family, commonly grown for its starchy tuber. ... Rumbledethumps is a traditional dish from the Scottish Borders. ... Potato bread is a form of bread in which potato flour replaces a portion of the regular wheat flour in the making of the loaf. ...

Fruits

For the sound made by humans to simulate flatulence (blowing a raspberry) see the USA term, Bronx cheer Species Rubus idaeus raspberry (red) - watercolor 1892 The Raspberry or Red Raspberry, (Rubus idaeus) is a plant that produces a tart, sweet, red composite fruit (not a true berry) in late summer... Binomial name Prunus spinosa L. The Blackthorn, is a large shrub or a small tree of the genus Prunus, botanically Prunus spinosa. ... Binomial name Vaccinium myrtillus L. Bilberry is a name given to several species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae) that bear tasty fruits. ...

Cereals

Dairy and Cheese

Carola Häggkvist is a Swedish singer who was born in Stockholm in September 1966. ... Crowdie is a Scottish cream cheese. ... Dunlop is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland, lying between the village of Lugton and the town of Stewarton on the old turnpike road to Glasgow. ... Lanark Blue is a full-flavoured cheese produced in Lanarkshire, Scotland. ... Caboc is a Scottish cream cheese, made with double cream or cream-enriched milk. ...

Cakes, Breads, Desserts, Puddings and Confectioneries

Bannock has more than one meaning: Bannock is a kind of bread, usually prepared by pan-frying. ... A Berwick cockle is a sweet (candy) coloured white with red stripes originally associated with Berwick-upon-Tweed, England. ... Butterscotch is a type of confectionery made by boiling sugar syrup, butter, cream, and vanilla. ... Binomial name Mastocarpus stellatus Mastocarpus stellatus, also called ClÃºimhÃn Cait [Cats Puff], Carragheen, or Carrageen Moss, is closely related to Irish Moss, or Chondrus crispus. ... A clootie or cloot in Scots is a strip or piece of cloth, a rag or item of clothing; it can also refer to fabric used in the patching of clothes or the making of proddy rugs (aka clootie mats).[1] The saying Neer cast a cloot til May... Cranachan is a traditional Scottish dessert. ... Some rock confectionery (Sticky, Sydney) Rock is a type of stick-shaped boiled sugar confectionery most usually flavoured with peppermint. ... Moffat Toffee is a toffee based sweet made in the Scottish town of Moffat. ... Wikibooks Cookbook has more about this subject: Oatcake An oatcake is a type of cracker or pancake, made from oatmeal, and sometimes flour as well. ... A pan loaf is a traditional style of loaf made in Scotland. ... A plain loaf is a traditional style of loaf made in Scotland. ... A bannock is a bread thinner than a scone. ... Shortbread rounds Shortbread is a type of biscuit (cookie) which is traditionally made from one part white sugar, two parts butter, and three parts plain white flour, although other ingredients like ground rice or cornflour are sometimes added to alter the texture. ... A Soor ploom (Scots vernacular for sour plum) is a is a sharp flavoured, round, green boiled sweet (candy) originally associated with Galashiels, Scotland. ... Scots Tablet is a medium-hard, sugary confection from Scotland. ...

Condiments

Scottish beverages

Alcoholic

The main thing to remember with Scottish beer (Ale) is that Scottland, having a cool climate, is not and ideal place for growing hops, the bittering/preserving agent of choice for beer. ... Atholl Brose (also rendered; Athol Brose or Athole Brose) is a mixture of oatmeal brose, honey, and whisky. ... Drambuie (dram boo ee or dram byoo ee) is a honey- and herb-flavoured golden scotch whisky liqueur made from aged malt whisky, heather honey and a secret blend of herbs and spices. ... Ginger Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from a fermented blend of ground ginger and raisins that was first distilled in England. ... FrÃ¡ech (FrÃ³ech, FraÃch, Fraoch) is a Connacht hero in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. ... Scotch Ale is the name given to a Strong Pale Ale believed to have originated in Edinburgh in the 19th century. ... The main thing to remember with Scottish beer (Ale) is that Scottland, having a cool climate, is not and ideal place for growing hops, the bittering/preserving agent of choice for beer. ... An independent bottling of Royal Brackla Single Malt Scotch whisky is whisky made in Scotland. ... An independent bottling of Royal Brackla Single Malt Scotch whisky is whisky made in Scotland. ...

Non Alcoholic

Irn-Bru (pronounced Iron Brew) is a popular caffeinated soft drink in Scotland. ... Barrs Red Kola is a carbonated soft drink made from Fruit Extracts including flavoring from the Kola bean. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

Fast food

Scotland's reputation for coronary and related diet-based diseases is a product of the wide consumption of fast food within the latter part of the twentieth century. Fish and chip shops remain extremely popular, and indeed the battered and fried Haggis supper remains a favourite; they have been joined in more recent years by outlets selling Pizzas, Turkish-style kebabs (though generally with no resemblance to the original Anatolian dish), pakoras and other convenience foodstuffs. Scotland, and the West coast in particular, is notorious for the amount of deep-fried food consumed, and being the home to such delicacies as the Deep-fried pizza and Deep fried Mars Bar. Deep fried Döner kebab have also become notorious in Glasgow. Fast food is food prepared and served quickly at a fast-food restaurant or shop at low cost. ... Fish and chips in wrapping paper Fish and chips is deep-fried fish in batter with deep-fried potatoes, and is a popular take-away food. ... For other uses, see Pizza (disambiguation). ... Kebab (kebap in Turkish, kabab in Iran and India/Pakistan, also spelled kebob, kabob) means grilled (or broiled) meat in Persian and Turkish. ... Anatolian can refer to: Someone or something from Anatolia The Anatolian Shepherd Dog This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A plate of onion and potato pakoras Pakora is a type of Indian cuisine or Pakistani cuisine created by taking ingredients such as chicken, onion, eggplant, lentils, potato, spinach, cauliflower, tomato, and chilli, dipping them in a batter of gram flour and then deep-frying them. ... A compass rose with west highlighted This article refers to the cardinal direction; for other uses see West (disambiguation). ... Rugged coast of the West Coast of New Zealand The coast is defined as the part of the land adjoining or near the ocean. ... Deep fried Pizza is a delicacy available in Chip Shops in Glasgow and surrounding areas in Scotland. ... Deep fried Mars bar - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Deep frying is cooking food by submerging the whole food item in hot oil or fat, originating in Africa. ... DÃ¶ner kebab sandwich served in a thick pita(Turkish:pide). ... Glaswegian redirects here. ...

In addition to the independent fast-food outlets, the sixties saw the introduction of American-style burger bars and other restaurants such as Wimpy and latterly in the eighties, McDonalds, Burger King, Pizza Hut and Kentucky Fried Chicken in most major towns and cities, a phenomenon common with other Western European nations . The 1960s, or The Sixties, in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Wimpy Logo Wimpy is the brand name of a chain of hamburger restaurants based in the United Kingdom. ... Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium Events and trends Computers, technology Bulletin board system popularity Popularization of personal computers, Walkmans, VHS videocassette recorders, and compact disc (CD) players Home video games become enormously popular, most notably Atari until the market crashes in 1983; the rise of Nintendo brings about... McDonalds Corporation (NYSE: MCD) is the worlds largest chain of fast-food restaurants [1]. Although McDonalds did not invent the hamburger or fast food, its name has become nearly synonymous with both. ... Burger King (often abbreviated to BK) is a large international chain of fast food restaurants, predominantly selling burgers, french fries, soft drinks, desserts, and various sandwiches. ... Pizza Hut is a restaurant chain and international franchise based in Addison, Texas USA (a northern suburb of Dallas) specializing in American-style pizza along with side dishes including (depending on location) buffalo wings, breadsticks, and garlic bread. ... KFC (full name Kentucky Fried Chicken) is a division of Yum! Brands, Inc. ... Western Europe is distinguished from Central Europe and Eastern Europe by differences of history and culture rather than by geography. ...

Notes and references

Category: Scottish cuisine BBC News Online logo The BBC News Website in February 2006. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Scotland. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Scotland This is a list of articles relating to Scotland. ... Stirling Castle has stood for centuries atop a volcanic crag defending the lowest ford of the River Forth. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Archaeology and geology continue to reveal the secrets of prehistoric Scotland, uncovering a complex and dramatic past before the Romans brought Scotland into the scope of recorded history. ... Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin: No one strikes me with impunity) Capital EdinburghÂ¹ Language(s) Gaelic, Scots Government Monarchy King/Queen - 843-860 Kenneth I - 1587â€“1625 James VI - 1702-1714 Anne Legislature Parliament of Scotland History - United 843 - Union of the Crowns March 24, 1603 - Act of Union... Dunnottar Castle in the Mearns occupies one of the best defensive locations in Great Britain. ... Steel engraving and enhancement of the obverse side of the Great Seal of David I, portraying David in the European fashion the other wordly maintainer of peace and defender of jutice. ... The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. ... The history of Scotland in the Late Middle Ages might be said to be dominated by the twin themes of crisis and transition. ... The Reformation in Scotland was arguably the most important event in Scottish history. ... Scottish colonization of the Americas consisted of a number of failed or abandoned settlements in North America, a colony at Darien, Panama and a number of wholly or largely Scottish settlements made as part of Great Britain. ... The Acts of Union were a pair of Acts of Parliament passed in 1706 and 1707 (taking effect on 1 May 1707) by, respectively, the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. ... The Scottish Enlightenment was a period of intellectual ferment in Scotland, running from approximately 1740 to 1800. ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... The Highland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan GÃ idheal, the expulsion of the Gael) is a name given to the forced displacement of the population of the Scottish Highlands from their ancient ways of warrior clan subsistence farming, leading to mass emigration. ... The Lowland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan Galltachd) in Scotland were one of the results of the British Agricultural Revolution, which changed the traditional system of agriculture which had existed in Lowland Scotland for hundreds of years. ... Scotland has an incomparable variety of geology for an area of its size. ... Scotland covers an area of 78,782kmÂ² or 30,341miÂ², giving it a population density of 64 people/kmÂ². Around 70% of the countrys population live in the Central Lowlands - a broad, fertile valley stretching in a northeast-southwest orientation between the cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, and including... Scotland is the most mountainous region of the United Kingdom. ... Freshwater Lochs Loch Arkaig Loch Awe, the third largest loch by surface area, also the longest Loch Dochfour Loch Ericht Loch Katrine, an important water reservoir Loch Leven, site of Loch Leven Castle Loch Lochy Loch Lomond, the largest by surface area Loch Lubnaig, Loch Maree, the fourth largest by... The Fauna of Scotland is generally typical of that of the north west European part of the Palearctic ecozone, although several of the larger mammals were hunted to extinction in historic times. ... The Scottish Highlands are the mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... List of Scottish companies is an incomplete list of companies incorporated in Scotland, organised by industry sector. ... Headquarters on The Mound, Edinburgh The Bank of Scotland is a commercial bank in Scotland (and to a lesser extent the rest of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland). ... The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc (LSE: RBS) is the successor to The Royal Bank of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: [1]), founded in 1727 by Royal Charter of King George I.[2] Based in Edinburgh, it is a banking and insurance holding company. ... // North Sea Oil Platforms North Sea oil refers to oil and natural gas (hydrocarbons) produced from oil reservoirs beneath the North Sea. ... An independent bottling of Royal Brackla Single Malt Scotch whisky is whisky made in Scotland. ... Scotland is a well-developed tourist destination, with tourism generally being responsible for sustaining 200,000 jobs mainly in the service sector, with tourist spending averaging at Â£4bn per year [1]. Domestic tourists (those from the United Kingdom) make up the bulk of visitors to Scotland. ... All Harris Tweed items are hand woven on the islands off the Northern coast of Scotland (outer Hebrides). ... Scots law (or Scottish law) is the law of Scotland. ... The Courts of Scotland are the civil, criminal and heraldic courts responsible for the administration of justice in Scotland. ... The Lord President of the Court of Session is head of the judiciary in Scotland and presiding judge of the College of Justice and Court of Session. ... The Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service is a government department in Scotland that is responsible for the public prosecution of alleged criminals. ... Her Majestys Advocate, known as the Lord Advocate (Morair Tagraidh in Scottish Gaelic) is the chief legal adviser to the Scottish Executive and the Crown in Scotland for both civil and criminal matters that fall within the devolved powers of the Scottish Parliament. ... Her Majestys Solicitor General for Scotland (Ã€rd-neach-lagha a ChrÃ¹in an Alba) is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, and the deputy of the Lord Advocate, whose duty is to advise the Crown and the Scottish Executive on Scots Law. ... The procurator fiscal is the local public prosecutor in Scotland. ... List of Scots is an incomplete list of notable people from Scotland. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... List of Scottish scientists is a list of Scottish scientists. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Politics of Scotland forms a distinctive part of the wider politics of the United Kingdom, with Scotland one of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom. ... Parties represented in the Scottish Parliament (in order of number of representatives): Labour Party - Centre-left, unionist - 50 MSPs Scottish National Party (SNP) - Centre-left, pro-independence- 27 MSPs Conservative and Unionist Party - Centre-right, unionist - 18 MSPs Liberal Democrats - Centre, federalist - 17 MSPs Scottish Green Party - Environmentalist, pro-independence... Scotland has elections to several bodies: the Scottish Parliament, the United Kingdom Parliament, the European Parliament, local councils and community councils. ... For the national legislative body up to 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ... The Executives logo, shown with English and Scottish Gaelic caption The term Scottish Executive is used in two different, but closely-related senses: to denote the executive arm of Scotlands national legislature (i. ... The First Minister (First Meinister in Scots; PrÃ¬omh Mhinistear in Scots Gaelic) is the leader of Scotlands national devolved government, the Scottish Executive, which was established in 1999 along with the reconvened Scottish Parliament. ... The Secretary of State for Scotland (RÃ¹naire StÃ ite na h-Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is the chief minister in the government of the United Kingdom with responsibilites for Scotland, at the head of the Scotland Office (formerly The Scottish Office). ... The Scotland Office (Oifis na h-Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a department of the United Kingdom government, responsible for reserved Scottish affairs. ... The local government of Scotland is organised into 32 unitary authorities covering the mainland and islands of Scotland. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland, as used before 1603 The monarch of Scotland was the head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. ... Walter Thomas Monningtons 1925 painting called Parliamentary Union of England and Scotland 1707 hangs in the Palace of Westminster depicting the official presentation of the Acts of Union, the law that formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain. ... The Church of Scotland (CofS, known informally as The Kirk, Eaglais na h-Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is the national church of Scotland. ... The 2004 Assembly with Dr Alison Elliot as Moderator The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Churchs governing body. ... The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland describes the organisation of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in the geographic area of Scotland, distinct from the Catholic Church in England & Wales and the Catholic Church in Ireland. ... The earliest date at which Jews arrived in Scotland is not known. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... The arrival of Islam in Scotland is relatively recent. ... Hinduism in Scotland is of relatively recent provenance, with the bulk of Scottish Hindus having settled there in the second half of the 20th century. ... // Scottish Gaelic (GÃ idhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Scots refers to the Anglic varieties spoken in parts of Scotland. ... Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English. ... Highland English is the variety of Gaelic influenced Scottish English spoken in the Scottish Highlands. ... Addressing the haggis during Burns supper: Fair fa your honest, sonsie face, Great chieftain o the puddin-race! The culture of Scotland is the national culture of Scotland. ... Clan map of Scotland Scottish clans (from Old Gaelic clann, children), give a sense of identity and shared descent to people in Scotland and to their relations throughout the world, with a formal structure of Clan Chiefs officially registered with the court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms which... This is a list of flags that are used exclusively in Scotland. ... The Saltire, the flag of Scotland, a white saltire with an official Pantone 300 coloured field. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland, as used before 1603 The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland was the official coat of arms of the monarchs of Scotland, and were used as the official coat of arms of the Kingdom of Scotland until the Union of the Crowns in... There is no official national anthem of Scotland[1] Scotland does not possess a confirmed anthem of its own. ... Hogmanay (pronounced â€” with the main stress on the last syllable - hog-muh-NAY) is the Scots word for the last day of the year and is synonymous with the celebration of the New Year (Gregorian calendar) in the Scottish manner. ... Scottish literature is literature written in Scotland or by Scottish writers. ... The Tannahill Weavers Scotland is internationally known for its traditional music, which has remained vibrant throughout the 20th century, when many traditional forms worldwide lost popularity to pop music. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Walter Thomas Monningtons 1925 painting called Parliamentary Union of England and Scotland 1707 hangs in the Palace of Westminster depicting the official presentation of the law that ended Scottish independence. ...

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");