NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Scottish Canadian

A large portion of the Canadian population are of Scottish ancestry and they have had a large impact on Canadian culture from colonial times. The 2001 Census of Canada revealed that they constitute the country's 3rd largest ethnic group with 4,157,210 people claiming full or partial Scottish descent. This constitutes 14.03% of the nations total population. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... This article is about the region in Canada. ... The four Canadian Atlantic provinces. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Canadian Gaelic (Gaelic: GÃ idhlig Canadanach, locally just Gaelic or The Gaelic) is the dialect of Scots Gaelic that has been spoken continuously for more than 200 years on Cape Breton Island and in isolated enclaves on the Nova Scotia mainland. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Â· Other religions Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Luther Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury Â· Catholic Pope Coptic Pope Â· Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Baptist is... Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... This article is about the Scottish as an ethnic group. ... Scottish Americans or Scots Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in the northwest European nation of Scotland. ... Ulster-Scots are an Irish ethnic group descended from mainly Lowland Scots who settled in the Province of Ulster in Ireland, first beginning in large numbers during the 17th century. ... ... The Canada 2001 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. ...

Scottish settlement of Canada

Scots have had a long and rich history in Canada dating back centuries leaving an indelible imprint on Canada. Many Scottish place names and family names are to be found throughout Canada; and many towns, rivers and mountains have been named in honour of Scottish explorers, traders and adventurers – from Mackenzie Bay and Calgary to Nova Scotia (New Scotland) itself. Scots formed the vanguard of the movement of Europeans across the continent. In more modern times, emigrants from Scotland played a leading role in the social, political and economic history of Canada, being prominent in banking, in labour unions, and in the leadership of political parties. ^[1]

The first documented source of Scots in the new world comes from the Saga of Eric the Red and the Viking expedition to Vinland, modern Newfoundland in 1010AD. Viking prince Thorfinn Karlsefni led an expedition to Vinland (the land of wine) and took with him 160 Viking men, three ships, and two Scottish slaves, a man named Haki and a woman named Hekja, who were reputed to be as swift or faster than a deer at running.^[2]. When the long boats moored along the coast, they sent the slaves ashore to run along the waterfront to gauge whether it was safe for the rest of the crew to follow. After the Scots survived a day of baiting for potential foes (native or animal), the Vikings deemed it safe to spend the night ashore. The expedition was abandoned three years later; the original sagas were passed on in an oral tradition and then written down 250 years later. The sagas demonstrate how daring and pioneering Viking culture was at the turn of the first millennium and are open to considerable breadth of interpretation. EirÃks saga rauÃ°a or the Saga of Eric the Red is a saga on the Norse exploration of North-America. ... Newfoundland â€” IPA: [nuw fÉ™n lÃ¦nd] (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Thorfinn Karlsefni or Ãžorfinnur Karlsefni was an Icelandic explorer who led an attempt to settle Vinland circa 1010 A.D. with three ships and 160 settlers. ...

An apocryphal voyage in 1398 by a captain named Zichmni, believed to be Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, who was of joint Norse-Scottish title and family, is also claimed to have reached Atlantic Canada as well as New England. Zichmni is the name of an explorer-prince appearing in a 1558 book by Nicolo Zeno of Venice, allegedly based on letters and a map written around the year 1400 by the authors ancestors, the brothers Nicolo and Antonio Zeno. ... Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, Baron of Roslin, and Lord of Shetland (c. ...

The first attempts in earnest to entice Scottish settlers to Canada began as early as 1622, when Sir William Alexander obtained permission from King James VI of Scotland (James I of England) to establish new Scotland or Nova Scotia. Only a small number of Scottish families settled in Canada, however, prior to the conquest of New France in 1759. For others with similar names, see: William Alexander (disambiguation). ... James VI and I King of England, Scotland and Ireland James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867...

A large groups of Ulster Scots, many of whom had first settled in New Hampshire, moved to Truro, Nova Scotia, in 1761. Their descendants have provided many of the country's leading justices, statesmen, clergymen, businessmen and scholars^{[citation needed]}. In 1772 a wave of Scots began to arrive in Prince Edward Island. In 1773 the little brig Hector brought 200 Scots to Pictou, starting a new stream of Highland emigration. To this day the town's slogan is "The Birthplace of New Scotland". At the end of the 18th century Cape Breton Island became a centre of Scottish settlement where only Scottish Gaelic was spoken. Ulster-Scots are an Irish ethnic group descended from mainly Lowland Scots who settled in the Province of Ulster in Ireland, first beginning in large numbers during the 17th century. ... Motto: Begun In Faith, Continued In Determination Location of Truro, Nova Scotia Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality Colchester County Founded 1759 Government - Mayor Mayor W.R. (Bills) Mills - Governing Body Truro Town Council Area - Town 37. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... The Hector was a full rigged Fluyt which is famous for having brought the first Scottish settlers to Nova Scotia in 1773. ... Pictou is a small town on the northern coast of Nova Scotia, Canada, located in Pictou County. ... For other uses, see Cape Breton. ...

A handful of English-speaking Scottish Lowlanders joined the Scottish exodus to Canada at this time. Likewise, a number of Scottish United Empire Loyalists who had fled the United States in 1783 arrived in Glengarry (eastern Ontario) and Nova Scotia. In 1803 Lord Selkirk, who was sympathetic to the plight of the dispossessed crofters, brought 800 colonists to Prince Edward Island. In 1812 Selkirk founded the Red River settlement in what is now Manitoba, where he settled Highland immigrants. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Prince Edward Island was also heavily influenced by Scottish settlers. One prominent P.E.I. settler was John Macdonald of Glenaladale, who conceived the idea of sending Highlanders out to Nova Scotia on a grand scale after Culloden. The name Macdonald still dominates on the island, which received a large influx of Scots during the American Revolution and another Gaelic-speaking group of Highlanders in 1813 from the estates of Lord Selkirk. This article is about the Canadian province. ... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen...

New Brunswick also became the home for many Scots. In 1761, a Highland regiment garrisoned Fort Frederick. The surrounding lands surveyed by Captain Bruce in 1762 attracted many Scotch traders when William Davidson of Caithness arrived to settle two years later. Their numbers were swelled by the arrival of thousands of loyalists of Scottish origin both during and after the American Revolution. This article is about the Canadian province. ...

One of the province's and Canada's most famous regiments was "The King's First American Regiment" founded in 1776 in New England. It was composed mostly of Highlanders, many of whom fought with their traditional kilts to the sound of the pipes. The regiment distinguished itself when it defeated Washington's forces at the Battle of Brandywine. When it disbanded after the War, most of its members settled in New Brunswick. A continual influx of immigrants from Scotland and Ulster meant that by 1843 there were over 30,000 Scots in New Brunswick.

Forced Migration

Between the 18th and 19th centuries a steady flow of immegrants from Scotland arrived in North America Some sought political and religious asylum following the failed Jacobite uprisings in 1688, 1715 and 1745. Those immigrants who arrived after 1759 were mainly Highland farmers who had been forced off their rented land or "crofts" due to the Highland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan Gàidheal) to make way for sheep grazing and the Lowland Clearances (Fuadaich nan Galltachd) due to the British Agricultural Revolution, which forced hundreds of thousands of cottars and tenant farmers from the southern counties of Scotland were forcibly moved from the farms and small holdings abroad, especially to America and Canada. Each Jacobite Rising formed part of a series of military campaigns by Jacobites attempting to restore the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland (and after 1707, Great Britain) after James VII of Scotland and II of England was deposed in 1688 and the thrones usurped by his... The Highland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan GÃ idheal, the expulsion of the Gael) is a name given to the forced displacement of the population of the Scottish Highlands from their ancient ways of warrior clan subsistence farming, leading to mass emigration. ... The Lowland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan Galltachd) in Scotland were one of the results of the British Agricultural Revolution, which changed the traditional system of agriculture which had existed in Lowland Scotland for hundreds of years. ... A blighted potato tuber The Highland Potato Famine was perhaps more of a major agrarian crisis than a true famine, but Highland Potato Famine is now in widespread use as a name for a period of 19th century Highland and Scottish history. ... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... The Highland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan GÃ idheal, the expulsion of the Gael) is a name given to the forced displacement of the population of the Scottish Highlands from their ancient ways of warrior clan subsistence farming, leading to mass emigration. ... Scottish Gaelic (GÃ idhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... The Lowland Clearances (Scottish Gaelic: Fuadaich nan Galltachd) in Scotland were one of the results of the British Agricultural Revolution, which changed the traditional system of agriculture which had existed in Lowland Scotland for hundreds of years. ... The British Agricultural Revolution describes a period of agricultural development in Britain between the 16th century and the mid-19th century, which saw a massive increase in agricultural productivity and net output. ... See also Canadian band The Cottars. ... Lowland-Highland divide The Scottish Lowlands (a Ghalldachd, meaning roughly the non-Gaelic region, in Gaelic), although not officially a geographical area of the country, in normal usage is generally meant to include those parts of Scotland not referred to as the Highlands (or GÃ idhealtachd), that is, everywhere due... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...

Others came due to famine. In 1846, potato crops were blighted by the same fungal disease responsible for the Great Irish Famine, and most Highland crofters were very dependent on potatoes as a source of food. Famine relief although better organised to the Highlands and Islands than than in Ireland, naval vessels distributed oatmeal and other supplies. Nonetheless, in Wick, Cromarty and Invergordon there were protests about the export of grain from local harbours. Troops were used to quell the protests. Crop failures continued into the 1850s and famine relief programmes became semi-permanent operations. Great Irish Famine may also refer to Great Irish Famine (1740-1741). ... A croft is a fenced or enclosed area of land, usually small and arable with a crofters dwelling thereon. ... WICK-AM is the Fox Sports Radio affiliate for the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre market. ... Location within the British Isles The Royal Burgh of Cromarty (Cromba in Gaelic) is a burgh in Ross and Cromarty, Highland, Scotland. ... Invergordon is a town and port in northern Scotland. ...

Crofters were expected to work their oatmeal rations in appalling conditions, although some landlords worked to lessen the effects of the famine on their crofting tenants. Rather than accept any real responsibility for the plight of crofting tenants many landlords resorted to eviction. In particular, John Gordon of Cluny became the target of criticism in Scottish newspapers, when many of his crofters were reduced to living on the streets of Inverness. Gordon resorted to hiring a fleet of ships and forcibly transporting his Hebridean crofters to Canada, where they were conveniently abandoned on Canadian authorities. Other more sympathetic Landlords supplied a free passage to what was hoped would be a better life, in Nova Scotia, and other provinces of Canada. Most crofters settled in what is now the Atlantic coast. This article is about the country. ... This article is about the city in Scotland. ... The Hebrides comprise a wide-spread and diverse archipelago off the west coast of Scotland, and in geological terms are composed of the oldest rocks in the British Isles. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867...

During the ten years following 1847, from throughout the Highlands, over 16,000 crofters were shipped overseas to Canada and Australia. In 1857 potato crops were again growing without serious blight.

Scots in Nova Scotia

Dispite its small size the Scots have influenced the cultural mix of Nova Scotia for centuries and Scots still constitute the largest ethnic group in Nova Scotia at (29.3%) of the population. Nova Scotia is (Latin for New Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh and the provinces regional flag was designed from a combination of the Scottish Saltier and the Royal Standard of Scotland. Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... Music is a part of the warp and weft of the fabric of Nova Scotias cultural life. ... Canadian Gaelic (Gaelic: GÃ idhlig Canadanach, locally just Gaelic or The Gaelic) is the dialect of Scots Gaelic that has been spoken continuously for more than 200 years on Cape Breton Island and in isolated enclaves on the Nova Scotia mainland. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... // Scottish Gaelic (GÃ idhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... The Saltire, the flag of Scotland, a white saltire with an official Pantone 300 coloured field. ... The Royal Standard of Scotland The Royal Standard of Scotland, also known as the Royal Standard of the King of Scots or more commonly The Lion Rampant is the flag used historically by the King of Scots. ...

Nova Scotia was briefly colonized by Scottish settlers in 1620, though by 1624 the Scottish settlers had been removed by treaty and the area was turned over to the French until the mid-1700s. Settlement was greatly accelerated by the resettlement of Loyalists in Nova Scotia during the period following the end of the American revolutionary war. Scottish Highland Clearances resulted in large influxes of migrants with Celtic cultural roots, which helped to define the dominantly celtic character of Cape Breton and the north mainland of the province. This gaelic influence continues to play an important role in defining the cultural life of the province, though less than 500 Nova Scotians today are fluent in Scottish Gaelic. Nearly all live in Antigonish County or on Cape Breton Island.

One of the earliest settler groups on Cape Breton Island were Highland Scots who found themselves dispossessed when their lairds began enclosing their lands. Nova Scotia's best-known college is Dalhousie University, founded in 1818 as the only Gaelic college in Canada. The island has annual Celtic gatherings and the Gaelic Mod to encourage interest in piping, singing, highland dancing and folk arts. St. Francis Xavier University was also found by a Catholic Bishop of Scottish descent. Download high resolution version (1854x1209, 635 KB)Photographer: Thorfinn Stainforth; released under GNU; Dalhousie Henry Hicks Academic Administration Building, Autumn 2002, Halifax, NS File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1854x1209, 635 KB)Photographer: Thorfinn Stainforth; released under GNU; Dalhousie Henry Hicks Academic Administration Building, Autumn 2002, Halifax, NS File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Dalhousie University is a university located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. ... St. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Â· Other religions Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Luther Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury Â· Catholic Pope Coptic Pope Â· Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: This article... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Scottish in Quebec

Scots have long and historic ties with the province of Quebec. When the Don de Dieu sailed up the St. Lawrence River during the first wave of colonization of French Canada, it was piloted by a Scot, Abraham Martin (after whom the Plains of Abraham, scene of Wolfe's victory, are named). The first British governor of Quebec was also a Scot, General James Murray. He received the keys to the city gates from the French commander, Major de Ramezay, himself of Scottish descent. (Many Scots had been employed by the French since the time of the "the Auld Alliance," during which the kingdoms of Scotland and France were allied for centuries and close links formed between the two countries.) This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Saint Lawrence River (French fleuve Saint-Laurent) is a large west-to-east flowing river in the middle latitudes of North America, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. ...

Large groups of Scots chiefly from Ross-shire arrived on the Nephton in 1802 to settle in the Quebec province. Many of their descendants have become prominent in the business, financial and religious activities of Montreal. Most Scottish United Empire Loyalists however settled in what was now Upper Canada (Ontario). Many early settlers from Tryon County, New York came here, in what was then wilderness. They were joined by many Highlanders during the Revolution, and after the War had ended, by a whole regiment of the "King's Royals." Ross-shire (Siorrachd Rois in Gaelic), or simply Ross, is a traditional county of Scotland bordering on Sutherland, Cromartyshire (of which it contains many enclaves), Inverness-shire and on an exclave of Nairnshire. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region MontrÃ©al Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1][2][3] - Total 365. ... The name United Empire Loyalists is given to those American Loyalists who resettled in British North America and other British Colonies as an act of fealty to King George III after the British defeat in the American Revolutionary War. ... Tryon County, New York was a county in New York, part of the Province of New York, named after Governor William Tryon. ...

World-famous McGill University, one of Canada's largest, has become renowned for its work in chemistry, medicine and biology; continuing long-practiced Scottish traditions in these fields. It was founded in 1821 with revenue from the estate bequeathed by James McGill, a merchant and politician who had emigrated from Glasgow. Its first head was Scotsman John Bethune, a pupil of Strachan (who was prevented from assuming the position only by a delay in its foundation). Another wealthy Scot, Mr. Peter Redpath, was responsible for financing the Museum, the library and a University chair. McGill University. ...

Scots in Ontario

The chief Scottish town in the Glengarry Settlement was Cornwall, located in modern-day Ontario. It was reinforced in 1786 when The McDonald arrived at Quebec from Greenock with 520 new pioneers. Soon immigrants came from all parts of Scotland to make it one of the most important Scots-Canadian communities. The Glengarry clansmen managed to get away from their homelands before the British Government's embargo during the war with Napoleon. Many other retired officials from the Hudson's Bay Company joined the Glengarry Settlements. Another famous Scottish area that came to exert great influence in Ontario was the Perth Settlement, another region of purely Scottish and military origin. Unemployment and suffering following the end of the Napoleonic Wars caused the British government to reverse its former policies and actively encourage emigration. In 1815, three loaded transports set sail from Greenock for Upper Canada: the Atlas, the Baptiste Merchant and the Borothy. After the War of 1812 ended, many soldiers from the disbanded regiments joined them. In 1816, more arrivals from Ulster helped swell the Scottish element. Many Perth families became prominent in both provincial and national governments. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Perth is a town in eastern Ontario, Canada (pop. ... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia Spain[d] Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia WÃ¼rttemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack... This article is about the U.S. â€“ U.K. war. ... This article is about the nine-county Irish province. ...

An educational institution of Scottish origin is Queens University in Kingston "the Aberdeen of Canada," founded largely through the dreams (and hard work) of noted scholar George Munroe Grant. Queens University is the name of more than one institution; see: Queens University, Belfast in Belfast, Northern Ireland Queens University, Kingston in Kingston, Ontario, Canada This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

British Columbia

Scottish influence has been an important part of the cultural mix in metropolitan Vancouver and British Columbia. The St. Andrew's and Caledonian Society of Vancouver was founded in 1886, the same year as the city. On St. Andrew's Day, 1887, the society held a grand St. Andrew's Ball in McDonough Hall at the southeast corner of Hastings and Columbia and almost half the city's population attended. The city still celebrates Scottish Heritage week which concludes with the BC Highland Games. Last Spike of the CPR - Craigellachie, British Columbia, Canada Donald Smith driving the last spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway. ... Last Spike of the CPR - Craigellachie, British Columbia, Canada Donald Smith driving the last spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway. ... Donald Alexander Smith (August 6, 1820-January 21, 1914) was a Scotch-Québécois fur trader, financier, railroad baron and politician in Canada. ... An eastbound CPR freight at Stoney Creek Bridge in Rogers Pass. ... Craigellachie, BC Craigellachie (IPA: , but or can be substituted for ; is another common pronunciation) is a locality in British Columbia, Canada, located several kilometres to the west of the Eagle Pass summit. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... A Transcontinental Railroad is a railway that crosses a continent typically from sea to sea. Terminals are at or connected to different oceans. ... We dont have an article called Canadian-confederation Start this article Search for Canadian-confederation in. ... For other uses, see Vancouver (disambiguation). ... Motto: Splendor sine occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Steven Point Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 36 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area Ranked 5th Total 944...

Many local place names are of Scottish origin. The district of Dollarton was named for Captain Robert Dollar. West Vancouver's first European settler, John Lawson, planted holly by the side of the "burn" or river flowing across his property; he coined "Hollyburn" as the name for his place. Iona Island was formerly called McMillan Island, after a pioneer Scots settler, Donald McMillan. Part of West Vancouver is named after Dundarave Castle in Scotland. In 1905 at what is now West 41st Avenue in Vancouver, a young Scottish couple named MacKinnon who had recently settled in the district were invited to name the new station. She adapted the name Kerrisdale from her old family home, Kerrydale, in Gairloch, Scotland. Kerrydale means "little seat of the fairies."

Other evidence of the Scottish influence on the development of Greater Vancouver can be found in the names of parks, creeks and other geographical features throughout the metropolitan area. These include; Ailsa Park (Glenayre), Andy Livingstone Park (Gastown), Braemar Park (North Lonsdale), Cameron Park (Mary Hill), Dugald J. Morrison Park (Ladner), Glencoe Park (Glenayre), Invergarry Park (Port Mann), Kelvin Grove Beach Park (Village of Lions), McNair Place Park (Upper Lynn), Montrose Park (Burnaby Heights) and Ron McLean Park (Middlegate). This list is by no means exhaustive. Creeks and rivers include Campbell River (Hazelmere), Irvine Creek (Burke Mountain), McDonald Creek (Panorama Village), McLean Creek (Burke Mountain) and of course the Fraser River itself. Other geographical place names include Brae Island, Blair Point, Gunn Island, Iona Island and McDonald Slough (all in the City of Richmond), Ferguson Point (City of Vancouver) and Garrow Bay (Gleneagles).

Demographics

The following statistics are from the 2001 Census of Canada. [1] The Canada 2001 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. ...

This article is about the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... This article is about the Canadian province. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English French (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 14 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 15, 1870 (5th) Area Ranked 8th Total 647,797... This article is about the Canadian province. ... For other uses, see Alberta (disambiguation). ... Motto: Splendor sine occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Steven Point Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 36 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area Ranked 5th Total 944... This article is about Yukon Territory in Canada. ... For the former United States territory, see Northwest Territory. ... For the Canadian federal electoral district, see Nunavut (electoral district). ...

Official Provincial Canadian Tartans

Canada's provinces and territories (except for Nunavut), as well as many other divisions in Canada, have officially recognized Scottish tartans. Tartans were first brought to Canada by Scottish settlers, and in 1955, Nova Scotia was the first province to adopt an official tartan. The official provincial and territorial tartans are all registered in the books of the Court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms of Scotland. For the Canadian federal electoral district, see Nunavut (electoral district). ... For the artificial athletic track surface, see tartan track. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... Arms of the Office of the Lord Lyon The Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that kingdom, issuing new grants of arms, and serving as the judge of the oldest Heraldic court in the world that...

The tartans

1. Maple leaf (unofficial)
2. Newfoundland and Labrador (unofficial)
3. Prince Edward Island (1960)
4. Nova Scotia (adopted 1955)^[3]
This article is about the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...

5. New Brunswick (adopted 1959)
6. Quebec (unofficial)
7. Ontario (adopted 2000)
8. Manitoba (adopted 1962)
9. Saskatchewan (adopted ?)
10. Alberta (adopted 1961)
11. British Columbia (adopted 1967)
12. Northwest Territories (adopted 1973)
13. Yukon (adopted 1984)
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English French (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 14 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 15, 1870 (5th) Area Ranked 8th Total 647,797... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... For other uses, see Alberta (disambiguation). ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Splendor sine occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Steven Point Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 36 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area Ranked 5th Total 944... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... For the former United States territory, see Northwest Territory. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... This article is about Yukon Territory in Canada. ... This article is about the year. ...

Notable Scottish-Canadians

The list of Scots who influenced Canada's history is indeed a long one. The explorer Alexander MacKenzie completed the first known transcontinental crossing of America north of Mexico. John Sandfield Macdonald (1812-1872) became prime minister of the province of Canada in 1862 and the first premier of Ontario in 1867. Sir John A. Macdonald (1815-1891), who emigrated in 1820, became the first prime minister of the Dominion of Canada, leading the country through its period of early growth. Under his leadership, the dominion expanded to include Manitoba, British Columbia and Prince Edward Island. For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... John Sandfield Macdonald John Sandfield Macdonald, QC (December 12, 1812 â€“ June 1, 1872) was the first Premier of the Canadian province of Ontario after the province was created as a result of the confederation of Canada in 1867. ... The Premier of Ontario is the first minister for the Canadian province of Ontario. ... The Right Honourable Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, QC (January 11, 1815 - June 6, 1891) was the first Prime Minister of Canada from July 1, 1867 - November 5, 1873 - and - October 17, 1878 - June 6, 1891. ...

Alexander Mackenzie was the first Liberal Prime Minister of Canada (1873-78). Another Scot, William Lyon Mackenzie, who led the revolt in Upper Canada against the Canadian government in 1858, became a symbol of Canadian radicalism. His rebellion dramatized the need to reform the country's outmoded constitution and led to the 1841 Confederation of Canadian provinces. Another Scot, William McDougall, was known as one of the fathers of the Confederation; Sir Richard McBride (1870-1917) was from 1903-1915 the Premier of British Columbia, where his was the first government under the new system of political parties. McBride was also known for his tireless work on behalf of the extension of the Pacific Great Eastern Railroad, which was to bind British Columbia together the way the CPR had Canada.. For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... William Lyon Mackenzie (March 12, 1795 â€“ August 28, 1861) was a Scottish-Canadian journalist, politician, and leader of an unsuccessful rebellion. ... William McDougall William McDougall, C.B. (January 25, 1822 â€“ May 29, 1905) was a Canadian lawyer, politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. ... Sir Richard McBride (December 15, 1870-August 6, 1917) was a British Columbian politician and founder of the British Columbia Conservative Party. ... ...

In this century, perhaps the most well-known Canadian politician, particularly revered in Britain for his contribution to the allied cause in World War II, was William Lyon MacKenzie King (1874-1950), who was very proud of his Scots background. King was three time Prime Minister of Canada, doing much to help preserve the unity of the French and English populations in his vast country. The first full time Minister of Labour, King was the leader of the Liberal Party for over 30 years. His last term as Prime Minister was from 1935 to 1948. Not to be confused with William Lyon Mackenzie, Mackenzie Kings grandfather. ...

Established as one of the major ethnic components of the Canadian population during the period 1815-1870, Scots dominated in many areas other than education and politics. Economic affairs also took their interest, and they largely controlled the trade in furs, timber, banking and railroad management. Almost one-quarter of Canada's industrial leaders in the 1920s had been born in Scotland, and another quarter had Scottish-born fathers.

It is important to remember that the Scots had a long tradition of struggle to maintain a separate identity in the face of a simultaneous pressure to integrate into a foreign society. Thus over the years, they had gained considerable experience in the ambivalence of being both accommodating and distinctive. Substantial numbers of Scots continued to immigrant to Canada after 1870. The early 20th century saw a great boom in the numbers leaving Scotland for Canada. As one of many ethnic groups in Canada, the Scots have managed to retain their separate identity.

For over 200 years, they have entered the country in a constant flow. Their presence has been powerful enough to influence most strongly the dominant Anglo-Canadian culture; their numbers alone do not reflect their enormous influence on Canadian politics, education, religion and business. Never intimidated by the majority, the long, long history of their struggles in the homeland made the Scots an indomitable and formidable race in the new lands.

List of Notable Scottish Canadians

Sir Hugh Allan Sir Hugh Allan (September 29, 1810 â€“ December 9, 1882) was a Scottish-born Canadian financier and shipowner. ... Sir H. Montagu Allan (October 13, 1860 â€“ September 26, 1951) was a Canadian banker, ship owner, and a sportsman who donated the Allan Cup, the trophy symbolic of mens amateur ice hockey supremacy in Canada. ... Richard B. Angus, circa 1891 Richard Bladworth Angus (28 May 1831 – 17 September 1922) was a Scottish – born Canadian financier, banker and philanthropist. ... Gordon Muir Campbell, BA, MBA, MLA (born January 12, 1948) is the 34th Premier of British Columbia. ... Categories: Stub | British Columbia premiers ... This article is about the former Canadian Prime Minster. ... Wilf Carter (born December 18, 1904 in Port Hilford, Nova Scotia, Canada, died December 5, 1996 in Scottsdale, Arizona), also known as Montana Slim, was a Canadian country music singer and yodeler. ... Neve Adrianne Campbell (born October 3, 1973) is a Canadian actress. ... Sir John William Dawson, KCMG , FRSC (October 13, 1820 â€“ November 19, 1899), was a Canadian geologist, born in Pictou, Nova Scotia. ... Richard Dobie (b 1731 â€“ d March 23, 1805) was a merchant from Scotland who came to Canada about 1760 and by 1764 was actively involved in the fur trade around Lake Superior and the other Great Lakes. ... William Davidson (1740 â€“ 17 June 1790), was a Scottish-Canadian lumber merchant, shipbuilder and politician. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... James Douglas Sir James Douglas, K.C.B, (August 15, 1803 â€“ August 2, 1877), was born of a Scottish father and Creole mother in Demerara. ... Columbia District was a regional department of the Hudsons Bay Company, and included all of the Columbia River basin, extending as far north as the Thompson River. ... See main article Vancouver Island Colonial flag of Vancouver Island, consisting of the British Blue Ensign and the great seal of the colony. ... The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony of British North America from 1858 until 1871. ... Thomas Clement Douglas, PC, CC, SOM, MA, LL.D (hc) (October 20, 1904 â€“ February 24, 1986) was a Scottish-born Baptist minister who became a prominent Canadian social democratic politician. ... The Premier of Saskatchewan is the first minister for the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... Shirley Douglas OC (born in Weyburn, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian television, film and stage actress. ... William Dow was the owner of a brewing company and a financier in Montreal. ... Sir George Alexander Drummond, KCMG, CVO (11 October 1829 â€“ 2 February 1910) was a Scottish-Canadian businessman and senator. ... Hugh Graham, 1st Baron Atholstan of Huntingdon (born July 18, 1848 - died January 28, 1938) was a Canadian publisher of Scots-Quebec ancestry. ... Alexander Keith Alexander Keith (October 5, 1795 â€“ December 14, 1873) Born in Halkirk, Scotland, he immigrated to Canada in 1817 and founded the Alexander Keiths brewing company in 1820. ... Alexander Keiths is a Canadian brewery founded in 1820 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, by Alexander Keith, who emigrated from Scotland in 1817, where it is still the only location of an Alexander Keiths brewery. ... William Lauder (born April 6, 1794 - died January 17, 1845) was a Scots-Quebecer industrial contractor who helped develop the infrastructure of early 19th century Canada. ... The Right Honourable Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, QC (January 11, 1815 - June 6, 1891) was the first Prime Minister of Canada from July 1, 1867 - November 5, 1873 - and - October 17, 1878 - June 6, 1891. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... Rodney Joseph MacDonald, MLA (born January 2, 1972) is an educator and politician and the current Premier of Nova Scotia, Canada. ... Categories: Stub | Nova Scotia premiers ... Scott Macdonald was a member of the band, The Spoons from the mid 80s to the early 90s and a few reunion concerts in the late 90s and early 00s. ... Sir William C. Macdonald (February 10, 1831 – died June 9, 1917) was a Scots-Quebecer tobacco manufacturer and major education philanthropist in Canada. ... Peter Gordon MacKay, Conservative, QC, MP (born September 27, 1965) serves as the member of Parliament (MP) for Central Nova, Nova Scotia, Canadas Minister of National Defence and Minister for the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency. ... The Minister of Foreign Affairs (French: Ministre des Affaires Ã©trangÃ¨res) is the Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing the federal governments international relations section of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. ... The Hon. ... For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... William Lyon Mackenzie (March 12, 1795 â€“ August 28, 1861) was a Scottish-Canadian journalist, politician, and leader of an unsuccessful rebellion. ... Not to be confused with William Lyon Mackenzie, Mackenzie Kings grandfather. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... Agnes Campbell Macphail (March 24, 1890 â€” February 13, 1954) was the first woman to be elected to the Canadian House of Commons, and one of the first two women elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. ... Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois... The Rt. ... The Supreme Court of Canada consists of the Chief Justice of Canada (French: Juge en chef du Canada) and eight puisne Justices appointed by the Governor in Council (Governor General of Canada) from among superior court judges or from among barristers of at least ten years standing at the Bar... Categories: Canadian people stubs | 1744 births | 1813 deaths | Canadian historical figures | McGill University | People from Quebec | Philanthropists ... Peter McGill (August 1789 - September 28, 1860) was a Scotch-Québécois businessman who served as mayor of Montreal, Quebec from 1840 to 1842. ... William McGillivray (1764 â€“ October 16, 1825) was a Scotland-born fur trader and political figure in Lower Canada. ... Duncan McIntyre ( 23 December 1834 – 13 June 1894) was a Scots-Quebecer businessman noted for his participation in the Canadian Pacific Railway syndicate of 1880 and as a founder of the Bell Telephone Company of Canada. ... Norman McLaren, C. C., C. Q. (b. ... Robert Bobby McMahon is a Scottish football (soccer) analyst for Fox Soccer Channel and Fox Sports World Canada. ... Fox Soccer Channel is a United States digital cable network, owned by News Corporation, that specializes in soccer. ... Simon McTavish (born c. ... Wikinews has related news: Comedian Colin Mochrie to host Canadian 5th Grader game show Colin Andrew Mochrie (born November 30, 1957) is a Scottish-Canadian actor and improvisational comedian. ... Henry Morgan (born November 14, 1819 - died December 12, 1893) was a Scots-Quebecer department store pioneer in Canada. ... James A. Naismith,(November 6, 1861 â€“ November 28, 1939) was the inventor of the sport of basketball and the first to introduce the use of a helmet in American football. ... The Honourable Alexander Walker Ogilvie (May 7, 1829 â€“ March 31, 1902) was a Canadian politician. ... John Ogilvie (April 17, 1797 â€“ November 21, 1867) was a Scottish lexicographer who edited the Imperial Dictionary. ... Roderick George Toombs (born April 17, 1954) better known by his ring name Rowdy Roddy Piper, is a Canadian professional wrestler, and film actor. ... World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. ... John Redpath (1796–March 5, 1869) was a Scots-Quebecer businessman and philanthropist who helped pioneer the industrial movement that made Montreal, Quebec the largest and most prosperous city in Canada. ... Peter Redpath (1821â€“1894), Canadian businessman and philanthropist. ... Callum Keith Rennie (born September 14, 1960) is a Canadian television and film actor. ... George Simpson (Manitoba Museum) Sir George Simpson (1787 â€“ 7 September 1860) was a Scots-Quebecer and employee of the Hudsons Bay Company (HBC). ... Donald Alexander Smith (August 6, 1820-January 21, 1914) was a Scotch-Québécois fur trader, financier, railroad baron and politician in Canada. ... George Stephen George Stephen, 1st Baron Mount Stephen (June 5, 1829 – November 29, 1921) was a Scots-Quebecker banker and railway executive in Canada. ... Daniel Alexander Sutherland (April 17, 1869 â€“ March 24, 1955), nicknamed Fighting Dan, was an American businessperson and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives during the 1920s as the delegate from what was then the Alaska Territory. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Kiefer William Frederick Dempsey George Rufus Sutherland (born December 21, 1966) is an Emmy- and Golden Globe Award-winning television and film actor, well known for his lead role of Jack Bauer on the television series 24. ... Categories: People stubs | 1946 births | Members of the Canadian House of Commons ... The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ...

References

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