NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Sea Eagle

The sea-eagles are a group of birds of prey in the genus Haliaeetus^[1] in the bird of prey family Accipitridae. Orders Accipitriformes Cathartidae Pandionidae Accipitridae Sagittariidae Falconiformes Falconidae A bird of prey or raptor is a bird that hunts its food, especially one that preys on mammals or other birds. ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Orders Accipitriformes Cathartidae Pandionidae Accipitridae Sagittariidae Falconiformes Falconidae A bird of prey or raptor is a bird that hunts its food, especially one that preys on mammals or other birds. ... The hierarchy of scientific classification In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. ... Subfamilies Elaninae Perninae Milvinae Accipitrinae Buteoninae Aegypiinae Circinae Circaetinae The Accipitridae is one of the two main families within the order Falconiformes (the diurnal birds of prey). ...

Sea-eagles vary in size, from the Sanford's Fish-eagle averaging 2–2.7 kg to the huge Steller's Sea-eagle weighing up to 9 kg.^[2] At up to 6.9 kg, the White-tailed Eagle is the largest eagle in Europe. Bald Eagles can weigh up to 6.3 kg, making them the second largest eagle native to North America. The White-bellied Sea-eagle can weigh up to 3.4 kg.^[2] Binomial name Haliaeetus pelagicus (Pallas, 1811) The Stellers Sea Eagle, (Haliaeetus pelagicus) is a large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. ...

Three obvious species pairs exist; White-tailed and Bald Eagles, Sanford's and White-bellied Sea-eagle, and the African and Madagascar Fish-eagles.^[3] Each of these consists of a white- and a tan-headed species, and the tails are entirely white in all adult Haliaeetus except Sanford's, White-bellied, and Pallas's. Binomial name Haliaeetus leucogaster Gmelin, 1788 The White-bellied Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) is a large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. ... Binomial name Mayr, 1935 The Sanfords Sea-eagle (Haliaeetus sanfordi) sometimes listed as Sanfords Fish-eagle, or Solomon Eagle is a sea-eagle endemic to the Solomon Islands. ... Binomial name Haliaeetus vocifer (Daudin, 1800) An African Fish Eagle in the Okavango Delta The African Fish Eagle, Haliaeetus vocifer, is a large species of eagle and a bird of prey. ... Binomial name Haliaeetus vociferoides Des Murs, 1845 The Madagascar Fish Eagle (Haliaeetus vociferoides) is a large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. ... Binomial name (Pallas, 1771) Synonyms Aquila leucorypha Pallas, 1771 Pallass Fish-eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus[1]), also known as Pallass Sea-eagle or Band-Tailed Fish-eagle, is a large, brownish sea-eagle. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Light Green: nesting area Blue: wintering area Dark Green: all-year Synonyms Falco albicilla Linnaeus, 1758 Haliaeetus albicilla albicilla Haliaeetus albicilla groenlandicus The White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla[1]), also known as the Sea Eagle, Erne (sometimes Ern), or White-tailed Sea-eagle is a very... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1766) Bald Eagle range Resident, breeding Summer visitor, breeding Winter visitor On migration only Star: accidental records Subspecies (Linnaeus, 1766) Southern Bald Eagle (Audubon, 1827) Northern Bald Eagle Synonyms Falco leucocephalus Linnaeus, 1766 The Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a bird of prey found in North America... Binomial name Haliaeetus pelagicus (Pallas, 1811) The Stellers Sea Eagle, (Haliaeetus pelagicus) is a large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. ... In biology, a cryptic species complex is a group of species that satisfy the scientific definition of species â€” that is, they are reproductively isolated from each other â€” but which are not morphologically distinguishable. ...

Haliaeetus is possibly one of the oldest genera of living birds. A distal left tarsometatarsus (DPC 1652) recovered from early Oligocene deposits of Fayyum, Euzbakistan (Jebel Qatrani Formation, c.33 mya) is similar in general pattern and some details to that of a modern sea-eagle.^[4] The genus was present in the middle Miocene (12-16 mya) with certainty.^[5] In zootomy, several terms are used to describe the location of organs and other structures in the body of bilateral animals. ... The Tarsometatarsus is a bone that is found in the lower leg of birds, formed from the fusion of several bones found in other types of animals. ... The Oligocene epoch is a geologic period of time that extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present. ... Al Fayyum is one of the governorates of Egypt located in the centre of the country. ... For other uses of mya, see mya (disambiguation). ... The Miocene Epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23. ...

Their closest relatives are the fishing-eagles in the genus Ichthyophaga, very similar to the tropical Haliaeetus species.^[2] The relationships to other genera in the family are less clear; they have long been considered closer to the genus Milvus (kites) than to the true eagles in the genus Aquila on the basis of their morphology and display behaviour,^[6]^[2] more recent genetic evidence agrees with this, but points to them being related to the genus Buteo (buzzards) as well, a relationship not previously thought close.^[3] Ichthyophaga is a genus of eagles. ... Species - Black-eared Kite - Black Kite - Red Kite Milvus is a genus of medium-sized birds of prey. ... Genera Several, see below. ... A buzzard is a type of bird of prey, in any of several different but related senses: A medium-sized wide-ranging raptor with a robust body and broad wings. ...

The origin of the sea-eagles and fishing-eagles is probably in the general area of the Bay of Bengal. During the Eocene/Oligocene, as the Indian subcontinent slowly collided with Eurasia, this was a vast expanse of fairly shallow ocean; the initial sea-eagle divergence seems to have resulted in the four tropical (and Southern Hemisphere subtropical) species found around the Indian Ocean today. The Central Asian Pallas's Sea-eagle's relationships to the other taxa is more obscure; it seems closer to the three Holarctic species which evolved later and may be an early offshoot of this northward expansion; it does not have the hefty yellow bill of the northern forms, retaining a smaller darker beak like the tropical species.^[3] Look up Bay of Bengal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... hfajhfiudshfas == == == --24. ... The Oligocene epoch is a geologic period of time that extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present. ... Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... For other uses, see Eurasia (disambiguation). ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... southern hemisphere highlighted in yellow (Antarctica not depicted). ... Subtropical (or semitropical) areas are those adjacent to the tropics, usually roughly defined as the ranges 23. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... A taxon (plural taxa) is an element of a taxonomy, e. ... The Holarctic is a term used by zoologists to define the ecozone covering much of Eurasia and North America, which have often been connected by the Bering land bridge. ...

The rate of molecular evolution in Haliaeetus is fairly slow, as is to be expected in long-lived birds which take years to successfully reproduce. In the mtDNA cytochrome b gene, a mutation rate of 0.5-0.7% per million years (if assuming an Early Miocene divergence) or maybe as little as 0.25-0.3% per million years (for a Late Eocene divergence) has been shown.^[3] Molecular evolution is the process of the genetic material in populations of organisms changing over time. ... Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is DNA which is not located in the nucleus of the cell but in the mitochondria. ... CoQ Cytochrome c reductase The Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase complex, sometimes called the cytochrome bc1 complex, and at other times Complex III, is the third complex in the electron transfer chain (PDB 1KYO, EC 1. ... For linguistic mutation, see Apophony. ...

A 2005 molecular study showed the genus is paraphyletic and subsumes Ichthyophaga; the species diverging into a temperate and tropical group.[1] Ichthyophaga is a genus of eagles. ...

References

^ Etymology: New Latin "sea-eagle", from Ancient Greek halio, the sea + -aetos, "-eagle". The proper Ancient Greek name for sea-eagles was the contracted form Haliaetos.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., & Sargatal, J., eds. (1994). Handbook of the Birds of the World Vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona ISBN 84-87334-15-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wink, M., Heidrich, P., & Fentzloff, C. (1996). A mtDNA phylogeny of sea eagles (genus Haliaeetus) based on nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome b gene. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 24: 783-791. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(96)00049-X PDF fulltext
^ Rasmussen, D., Tab, O., Storrs, L., & Simons, E. L. (1987). Fossil Birds from the Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum Province, Egypt. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 62: 1-20. PDF Fulltext (file size 8.1 MB)
^ Lambrecht, K. (1933). Handbuch der Palaeornithologie. Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin.
^ Brown, L. H, & Amadon, D. (1968). Eagles, Hawks and Falcons of the World. Country Life Books, Feltham.

Etymologies redirects here. ... New Latin (or Neo-Latin) is a post-medieval version of Latin, now used primarily in International Scientific Vocabulary cladistics and systematics. ... Beginning of Homers Odyssey The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage of the Greek language[1] as it existed during the Archaic (9thâ€“6th centuries BC) and Classical (5thâ€“4th centuries BC) periods in Ancient Greece. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

References GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

References