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The Seagram Building is a skyscraper in New York City, located at 375 Park Avenue, between 52nd Street and 53rd Street in Midtown Manhattan. It was designed by the German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, in collaboration with the American Philip Johnson and was completed in 1958 . It is 156.9 meters tall with 38 stories. It stands as one of the finest examples of the functionalist aesthetic and a masterpiece of corporate modernism. It was designed as the headquarters for the Canadian distillers Joseph E. Seagram's & Sons, thanks to the foresight of Phyllis Lambert, the daughter of Samuel Bronfman, Seagram's CEO. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...
A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (768x1024, 505 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Seagram Building Around the World in 80 Treasures ...
New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...
This article is about the state. ...
A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ...
is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see Skyscraper (disambiguation). ...
New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...
Park Avenue in the Upper East Side (2004) Park Avenue, looking north toward the Metlife building from the Union Square Area Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries traffic north and south in Manhattan in New York City. ...
52nd Street, properly West 52nd Street, is a cross street in Manhattan in the Broadway district known as Swing Street, the street of jazz, the street that never sleeps or, simply, the street. The blocks of 52nd Street between 5th and 7th avenues were renowned in the mid 20th century...
53rd Street is a midtown cross street in the New York City borough of Manhattan, that contains buildings such as the Citicorp Building. ...
Midtown Manhattan viewed from the World Trade Center. ...
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies (March 27, 1886 – August 17, 1969) was a German architect. ...
1933 Portrait of Philip Johnson by Carl Van Vechten Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906 – January 25, 2005) was an influential American architect. ...
Functionalism, in architecture, is the principle that architects should design a building based on the purpose of that building. ...
Modern architecture, not to be confused with contemporary architecture, is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. ...
The Seagram Company Ltd. ...
The Toronto-Dominion Centre. ...
Samuel Bronfman, CC (February 27, 1891 - July 10, 1971) was the founder of Seagrams and a Canadian family dynasty the Bronfman family. ...
Architecture
This structure, and the International Style in which it was built, had enormous influences on American architecture. One of the style's characteristic traits was to express the structure of buildings externally; a building's structural elements should be visible, Mies thought. The Seagram building (like virtually all large buildings of the time) was built of a steel frame, from which non-structural glass walls were hung. Mies would have preferred the steel frame to be visible to all; however, American building codes required that all structural steel be covered in a fireproof material, usually concrete; because (steel, with its low melting point, will commonly fail in fires[citation needed]). Concrete hid the structure of the building — something Mies wanted to avoid at all costs — so Mies used non-structural bronze-toned I-beams to suggest structure instead. These are visible from the outside of the building, and run vertically, like mullions, surrounding the large glass windows. Now, observers look up and see a "fake and tinted-bronze" structure covering a real steel structure. This method of construction using an interior reinforced concrete shell to support a larger non-structural edifice has since become commonplace. As designed, the building used 3.2 million pounds of bronze in its construction.[2] The Weissenhof Estate in Stuttgart, Germany (1927) The Weissenhof Estate in Stuttgart, Germany (1930) The International style was a major architectural trend of the 1920s and 1930s. ...
This article is about building architecture. ...
Steel frame usual refers to a building technique in which a skeleton frame of steel is constructed to support the building which is attached to the frame. ...
Glass curtain wall of the Bauhaus Dessau. ...
Structural steel is steel construction material, a profile, formed with a specific shape or cross section and certain standards of chemical composition and strength. ...
This article is about the construction material. ...
For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation). ...
The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ...
I-beams are beams with an I- or H-shaped cross-section. ...
Mullion, Cornwall is also the name of a village in Cornwall off the Lizard. ...
Reinforced concrete at Sainte Jeanne dArc Church (Nice, France): architect Jacques Dror, 1926–1933 Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete in some countries, is concrete in which reinforcement bars (rebars) or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen a material that would otherwise be brittle. ...
On completion, the construction costs of Seagram made it the world's most expensive skyscraper at the time, due to the use of expensive quality materials and lavish interior decoration including bronze, travertine, and marble. The interior was designed to assure cohesion with the external features, repeated in the glass and bronze furnishings and decorative scheme. Travertine Travertine terraces at Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park A carving in travertine Travertine is a sedimentary rock. ...
For other uses, see Marble (disambiguation). ...
Another interesting aspect of the Seagram building regards the window blinds. As was common with International Style architects, Mies wanted the building to have a uniform appearance. One aspect of a façade which Mies disliked, was the disordered irregularity when window blinds are drawn. Inevitably, people using different windows will draw blinds to different heights, making the building appear disorganized. To reduce this disproportionate appearance, Mies specified window blinds which only operated in three positions - fully open, halfway open/closed, or fully closed. Front and side view of Venetian or horizontal blinds. ...
West façade of the Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral A facade (or façade) is the exterior of a building – especially the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear. ...
The Plaza The Seagram Building and Lever House, which sits just across Park Avenue, set the architectural style for skyscrapers in New York for several decades. It appears as a simple bronze box, set back from Park Avenue by a large, open granite plaza. Mies did not intend the open space in front of the building to become a gathering area, but it developed as such, and became very popular as a result. In 1961, when New York City enacted a major revision to its 1916 Zoning Resolution, which was the nation's first comprehensive Zoning Resolution, it offered incentives for developers to install "privately owned public spaces" which were meant to emulate that of the Seagram's Building; the following 40 years of development in Manhattan did so with relatively little success. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (820 × 615 pixel, file size: 73 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This photo was taken by me, David Shankbone. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (820 × 615 pixel, file size: 73 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This photo was taken by me, David Shankbone. ...
For other persons named Alexander Calder, see Alexander Calder (disambiguation). ...
Lever House, designed by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill and located at 390 Park Avenue in New York City, is the quintessential and seminal glass box International Style skyscraper, and holds the distinction of being the first curtain wall in New York City. ...
Park Avenue in the Upper East Side (2004) Park Avenue, looking north toward the Metlife building from the Union Square Area Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries traffic north and south in Manhattan in New York City. ...
This article is about the state. ...
This article is about the metal alloy. ...
For other uses, see granite (disambiguation). ...
Plaza is a Spanish word related to field which describes an open urban public space, such as a city square. ...
New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...
For other uses, see Manhattan (disambiguation). ...
The Four Seasons -
The building is the location of The Four Seasons Restaurant, also designed by Mies van der Rohe and Johnson. Its interiors have been maintained as they were when it opened in 1959. The artist Mark Rothko was famously engaged to paint a series of works for the restaurant in 1958. Accepting the commission, he secretly resolved to create "something that will ruin the appetite of every son-of-a-bitch who ever eats in that room". Observing the restaurant's pretentious atmosphere upon his return from a trip to Europe, Rothko abandoned the project altogether, returned his advance and kept the paintings for himself. The final series was dispersed and now hangs in three locations: London’s Tate Gallery, Japan’s Kawamura Memorial Museum and the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.. The Four Seasons is a world-famous restaurant in New York City located in the Seagram Building. ...
The Four Seasons is a world-famous restaurant in New York City located in the Seagram Building. ...
Mark Rothkos painting 1957 # 20 (1957) Mark Rothko born Marcus Rothkowitz (September 25, 1903–February 25, 1970) was a Russian-born American painter and printmaker who is classified as an abstract expressionist, although he rejected not only the label but even being an abstract painter. ...
The Tate Gallery in the United Kingdom is a network of four galleries: Tate Britain (opened 1897), Tate Liverpool (1988), Tate St Ives (1993), Tate Modern (2000), with a complementary website Tate Online (1998). ...
The West building of the National Gallery of Art with the East building visible behind and to to the left The National Gallery of Art is an art museum, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. The museum was established in 1937 by the Congress, with funds for...
For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ...
References in Popular Culture In the first episode of 1960s television series That Girl, Ann Marie works at the magazine stand in the lobby, which is also the location of the offices of Newsview Magazine, where her boyfriend Don Hollinger works. The opening credits of the first season show Ann walking north on Park Avenue and walking into the building. That Girl was an American television situation comedy that ran on ABC from 1966 to 1971. ...
The building and fountain form a backdrop to a scene in the film "Breakfast at Tiffany's" (1961) This article is about the 1961 film starring Audrey Hepburn. ...
In Company, a Stephen Sondheim musical, the protagonist, Bobby, is compared to the building. Company is a musical with a book by George Furth and music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim. ...
Stephen Joshua Sondheim (b. ...
Novelist James Phelan places his fictional Global Syndicate of Reporters (GSR) headquarters in the building. Phelan, once an architecture student at RMIT, cites Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson as two of his favourite designers. Several scenes of the second Lachlan Fox thriller, PATRIOT ACT, are set in The Four Seasons Restaurant. There are several prominent people named James Phelan, including three American politicians: James Phelan, Sr. ...
The Four Seasons is a world-famous restaurant in New York City located in the Seagram Building. ...
External links
Sources - Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to Our House. Bantam Books, 1981.
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