NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Second Empire

Second Empire is an architectural style that was popular during the Victorian era, reaching its zenith between 1865 and 1880, and so named for the “French” elements in vogue during the era of the Second French Empire. While a distinct style unto itself, some Second Empire styling cues, such as quoins, have an indirect relationship to the styles previously in vogue, Gothic Revival and Italianate eras. The Foyer of Charles Garniers Opera, Paris This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... The Foyer of Charles Garniers Opera, Paris This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Exterior of the Palais Garnier. ... The foyer of the Paris Opera, built by Charles Garnier Neo-baroque is a term used to describe artistic creations which display important aspects of Baroque style, but are not from the Baroque period proper. ... ChÃ¢teau de FerriÃ¨res 1855 Mentmore Towers English Neo-Renaissance of the 1850s. ... Queen Victoria (shown here on the morning of her Ascension to the Throne, 20 June 1837) gave her name to the historic era The Victorian era of the United Kingdom marked the height of the British industrial revolution and the apex of the British Empire. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... Italianate Quoins Architectural Style Quoins are the corner stones that anchor the edge of the building wall. ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin The Gothic revival was a European architectural movement with origins in mid-18th century England. ...

In the United States, the Second Empire style usually combined a rectangular tower, or similar element, with a steep, but short, mansard roof; the roof being the most noteworthy link to the style’s French roots. This tower element could be of equal height of the top most floor, or could exceed the height of the rest of the structure by a story or two. The mansard roof crest was often topped with an iron trim, sometimes referred to as “cresting”. In some cases, lightning rods were integrated into the cresting design, making the feature useful beyond its decorative features. The exterior style could be expressed in either wood, brick or stone. More elaborate examples frequently featured paired columns as well as sculptured details around the entrances, windows and dormers. The purpose of the ornament was to make the structure appear imposing, grand and expensive. ChÃ¢teau of Dampierre-en-Yvelines: domesticated Baroque at the center of Louis XIVs inner circle A Mansard or Mansard roof in architecture refers to a style of hip and totally awesome roof characterized by two slopes on each of its four sides with the lower slope being much... ChÃ¢teau of Dampierre-en-Yvelines: domesticated Baroque at the center of Louis XIVs inner circle A Mansard or Mansard roof in architecture refers to a style of hip and totally awesome roof characterized by two slopes on each of its four sides with the lower slope being much... An example of a standard, pointed-tip air terminal A lightning rod (or lightning protector) is a metal strip or rod, usually of copper or similar conductive material, used as part of lightning safety to protect tall or isolated structures (such as the roof of a building or the mast...

Floor plans for Second Empire residences could either be symmetrical, which placed the tower (or tower-like element) in the center or asymmetrical in nature in which the tower or tower-like element would be placed to one side.

The style also found its way in commercial structures, and was often used when designing state institutions. Several psychiatric hospitals proved the style's adaptability in their size and functions. Prior to the construction of The Pentagon in the 1940s, the Second Empire–styled Ohio State Asylum for the Insane in Columbus, Ohio was reported to be the largest building under one roof in the U.S., though the title may actually belong to Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital, another Kirkbride Second Empire asylum. Image File history File links Frank Jones Mansion, Portsmouth, NH File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Frank Jones Mansion, Portsmouth, NH File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Location in Rockingham County, New Hampshire Coordinates: Country United States State New Hampshire County Rockingham County Incorporated 1653 Mayor Steve Marchand City manager John P. Bohenko Area - City 43. ... This article is about the U.S. military building. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Ohio, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio Counties Franklin, Delaware, and Fairfield Government - Mayor Michael B. Coleman (D) Area - City 212. ... Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital postcard Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital (also known as Greystone Psychiatric Park, Greystone Psychiatric Hospital, or simply Greystone) refers to both the former psychiatric hospital and the historic building that it occupied in Hanover Township, New Jersey. ... The Kirkbride Plan refers to a system of mental asylum design advocated by Philadelphia psychiatrist Thomas Story Kirkbride in the mid-1800s. ...

Second Empire was succeeded by the Queen Anne Style era, and its sub-styles, which enjoyed great popularity until the rise of the “Revival Era” in American architecture just before the end of the 19th century. The Buttermans, the historic home of John Newman, the butter king, is one of several Queen Anne mansions in Elgin, Illinois The Queen Anne style of British and American architecture reached its greatest popularity in the last quarter of the 19th century, manifesting itself in a number of different ways... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Leland Roth [see references] refers to the style as "Second Empire Baroque." Mullett-Smith [see references] calls it the "Second Empire or General Grant style" due to its popularity in building government buildings during the Grant administration.

The architect H.H. Richardson designed several of his early residences in the style, "evidence [Ochsner, see references] of his French schooling." These projects include the Crowninshield House, Boston Massachusetts, 1868, the H.H.Richardson House, Staten Island, New York, 1868 and the Dorsheimer House, Buffalo, New York, 1868. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2203 KB) The Louvre Copyright Â© 2003 David Monniaux Template:Cc-by-sa-2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2203 KB) The Louvre Copyright Â© 2003 David Monniaux Template:Cc-by-sa-2. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... The Trinity Church in Boston is one of Richardsons most famous works. ...

In regard to the use of the Second Empire style for residences, the McAlesters [see references] divided the style into 5 subtypes:

Notable Second Empire buildings in North America include

The front facade of the Old City Hall, Boston - 10/2006. ... Nickname: Location in Massachusetts, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Massachusetts County Suffolk County Government - Mayor Thomas M. Menino (D) Area - City 89. ... City Hall at night, from Broad Street, 2005 Philadelphia City Hall is the seat of government for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... South Hall, built in 1873, is the oldest building on the University of California, Berkeley campus and the only remaining building of the original campus. ... Sather tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and Mount Tamalpais. ... Terrace Hill Terrace Hill is the official residence of the Governor of Iowa. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about the state capital of Iowa. ... The Quebec Parliament Building at night The National Assembly of Quebec (French: AssemblÃ©e nationale du QuÃ©bec) is the name for the legislative body of the province of Quebec, Canada which was defined in the Canadian constitution as the Legislative Assembly of Quebec (lassemblÃ©e lÃ©gislative de... Motto : Â« Don de Dieu feray valoir Â» (I shall put Gods gift to good use) Site in the province of Quebec Official logo Country Canada Province QuÃ©bec Agglomeration Quebec City Statute of the city Capitale-Nationale Administrative Region Capitale-Nationale Constitution date 1833 Geographical code 24 23027 Founder Foundation... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Official languages French Government - Lieutenant-Governor Lise Thibault - Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 75 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area Ranked 2nd - Total 1,542,056 kmÂ² - Water... The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), is the largest campus in the University of Illinois system. ... Nathan Clifford Ricker, D.Arch, (July 24, 1843â€“March 19, 1924) was a professor and architect known for his work at the University of Illinois. ...

Notable Second Empire buildings in Australia include

Former Melbourne General Post Office Inside the sorting hall after conversion into upmarket shopping arcade The Melbourne General Post Office or GPO, is a landmark building in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia on the corner of Elizabeth Street and Bourke Street in the heart of the Melbourne CBD. The foundation stone was... Princess Theatre The Princess Theatre is a theatre in Melbourne, Australia. ... Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ... William Pitt (1855-1918) was an architect working in Melbourne, Australia in the later part of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. ... The Sydney Town Hall The Sydney Town Hall is a landmark sandstone building located in the heart of Sydney. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of over 4,200,000 people, and 151,920 within the city centre. ... Queensland Parliament House Queensland Parliament House and Parliamentary Annex Building Queensland Parliament House is situated at the south-eastern end of George Street, Brisbane, next to the Queensland University of Technology and the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens History of Parliament House Queensland separated from New South Wales in 1859 and... Brisbane (pronounced ) is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Queensland, as well as the third largest city in Australia, with a greater metropolitan population of 1. ... The Royal Exhibition Building from the main avenue of the Carlton Gardens The Royal Exhibition Building, viewed from the west The Royal Exhibition Building is located in Melbourne, Australia. ... Joseph Reed (1823?-1890), a Cornishman by birth, was probably the most influential Victorian era architect in Melbourne, Australia. ... South Melbourne Town Hall. ... Charles Webb (born 26 November 1821, Sudbury, Suffolk England - 23 January 1898 was an architect working in Victoria, Australia during the 19th Century. ... Built in 1883, the Hotel Windsor is a grand hotel in Melbourne, Australia, and bills itself as Australiaâ€™s only remaining grand hotel. ... Charles Webb (born 26 November 1821, Sudbury, Suffolk England - 23 January 1898 was an architect working in Victoria, Australia during the 19th Century. ... Close up of the Collingwood Town Hall Collingwood Town Hall on Hoddle Street Collingwood Town Hall is a civic building located on Hoddle Street in Abbotsford, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. ... The Shamrock Hotel was a hotel located in Houston, Texas adjacent to the Texas Medical Center. ... Bendigo is a large regional town in central Victoria, Australia, located in the City of Greater Bendigo. ... Willsmere Willsmere is a landmark building and residential estate located on Wiltshire Drive in Kew, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. ... Kew is a suburb of Melbourne, Australia, in the state of Victoria. ...

Images

References

Categories: Architectural styles | House styles | Victorian architectural styles | Renaissance revival architecture Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... The neoclassical movement that produced Neoclassical architecture began in the mid-18th century, both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque. ... Empire is an early 19th century style of architecture and furniture design that and originates from Napoleons rule of France. ... The Regency style of architecture refers primarily to buildings built in Britain during the period in the early 19th century when George IV of the United Kingdom was still Prince Regent, and also to later buildings following the same style. ... Egyptian Revial mausoleum of Maj. ... Walhalla temple in Bavaria was completed in 1842. ... Neo-Grec is a term usually used to refer to a particular manifestation of the Neoclassical style in the decorative arts, painting, and architecture of France, during the Second Empire of Napoleon III, lasting approximately between 1848 and 1865. ... Romanesque Revival is a style of building in the late 19th century (roughly 1840 and 1900) inspired by the 11th and 12th century Romanesque style of architecture. ... Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Sofia. ... Richardsonian Romanesque has both French and Spanish Romanesque characteristics, like the First Presbyterian Church in Detroit, Michigan by architechs George D. Mason and Zachariah Rice in 1891 Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of American architecture named after architect Henry Hobson Richardson, whose masterpiece is Trinity Church, Boston in Massachusetts. ... Annunciation church in St. ... Thons Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Moscow, 1839-60 The Russian Revival style (Russian: ) is the generic term for a number of different movements within Russian architecture, that arose in second quarter of the 19th century and was an eclectic melding of pre-Peterine Russian architecture and elements of... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin The Gothic Revival was an architectural movement which originated in mid-18th century England. ... Greenock Sheriff Court displays crow-stepped gables and corbelled corner turrets. ... Ascott House, Buckinghamshire. ... Arc de Triomf, Barcelona, 1888. ... Indo-Saracenic was a style of architecture used by British architects in the late 19th century in India. ... ChÃ¢teau de FerriÃ¨res 1855 Mentmore Towers English Neo-Renaissance of the 1850s. ... Massandra in Crimea, a chÃ¢teau of Tsar Alexander III. ChÃ¢teauesque is an architectural style based on French chÃ¢teaux style used in the 1400s in the Loire Valley. ... Anthony Salvins Harlaxton Manor, 1837 â€“ 1855, defines the Jacobethan taste. ... The foyer of the Paris Opera, built by Charles Garnier Neo-baroque is a term used to describe artistic creations which display important aspects of Baroque style, but are not from the Baroque period proper. ... Beaux-Arts architecture[1] denotes the academic classical architectural style that was taught at the Ã‰cole des Beaux Arts in Paris. ... It has been suggested that Wrenaissance be merged into this article or section. ... The City of Wakefield MDCs Queen Anne style administrative HQ, County Hall, James Gibson and Samuel Russell, architects (1894-98) The Queen Anne Style of British and American architecture reached its greatest popularity in the last quarter of the 19th century, manifesting itself in a number of different ways... A Georgian house in Salisbury Georgian architecture is the name given in English-speaking countries to the architectural styles current between about 1720 and 1840, named after the four British monarchs named George. ... Colonial Revival home of Henry M. Jackson in Everett, Washington The Colonial Revival was a nationalistic architectural style and interior design movement in the United States. ...

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Notable Second Empire buildings in North America include GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Notable Second Empire buildings in Australia include

Images

References

Notable Second Empire buildings in North America include