In France, secondary education is in two stages:

• the collèges (IPA: /kɔlɛʒ/) cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15;
• the lycées (IPA: /lise/) provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between the ages of 15 and 18. Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat (IPA: /bakalɔrea/) (baccalaureate, colloquially aka le bac). The baccalauréat degree can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life.

Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... For other uses of Baccalaureate, see Baccalaureate (disambiguation). ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ...

Organization & Progress

French students usually spend seven years in secondary education, from age 11 to age 18. The collèges and lycées normally are separate institutions in different buildings. Alternate uses: Student (disambiguation) Etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stŭdērĕ, which means to study, a student is one who studies. ...

A French school year starts in early September and ends in mid-June. The Ministry of Education schedules school Holidays by dividing the country in three zones (A, B and C) to prevent holiday-makers from crowding tourist resorts such as the Mediterranean coast and the ski resorts, e.g. Paris and Bordeaux are in zone C while Lyon is in zone A, and Marseille in zone B. In the United States, a holiday is a day set aside by a nation or culture (in some cases, multiple nations and cultures) typically for celebration but sometimes for some other kind of special culture-wide (or national) observation or activity. ... A tourist boat travels the River Seine in Paris, France Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: (Franco-Provençal: Forward, forward, Lyon the best) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Rhône-Alpes Department Rhône (69) Subdivisions 9 arrondissements Intercommunality Urban Community of Lyon Mayor Gérard Collomb  (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics... http://www. ...

In contrast with most other education systems, the French use a decreasing numerical system in naming the various school years. Pupils begin their secondary education in the sixième (form 6), and transfer to a lycée in the seconde (form 2), while the final year is the terminale.

In French, the word for student (étudiant) usually is reserved for university-level students, whereas, in collège and lycée students are élèves (pupils, in English translation). The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stÅ­dÄ“rÄ•, meaning to direct ones zeal at; hence a student is one who directs zeal at a subject. ... Representation of a university class, 1350s. ...

The curriculum (le programme officiel) is standardised in all French public institutions. Changes to the programme are made every year by the French Ministry of Education and are published in the Ministry's Bulletin Officiel de l'Éducation Nationale (BO), the official reference bulletin for educators.

Collège

The collège is the first level of secondary education in the French educational system. A pupil attending collège is called collégien (boy) or collégienne (girl). Men and Women teachers at the collège- and lycée-level are called professeur (no official feminine professional form exists in France). Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Education in France: Secondary education in France (lycées) Baccalauréat Grandes Écoles List of universities in France See also Minister of National Education (France) Agence pour lEnseignement Français à lEtranger Categories: Education in France | Education by country | France-related stubs ...

Entry in sixième occurs directly after the last year of primary school, called cours moyen deuxième année (CM2). There is no entrance examination into collège, yet administrators have established a comprehensive academic examination of students starting sixième. The purpose of the examination is evaluating the pupil's level on being graduated from primary school. Schoolsystem in France The French educational system is highly centralised, organised, and ramified. ... To examine somebody or something is to inspect it closely, hence an examination is a detailed inspection or analysis of an object or person. ...

Curriculum

The table at the right details the French curriculum. Along with three-to-four weekly hours of physical education, a typical school week consists of some twenty-six (26) hours of schooling. French language and literature occupy the most time, 4-5 hours per week, followed by mathematics, 4 hours per week; other subjects occupy some 1.0-3.5 hours per week. French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... History studies the past in human terms. ... There are a number of languages of France. ... Arts and crafts comprise a whole host of activities and hobbies that are related to making things with ones own hands and skill. ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... Civics is the science of comparative government and means of administering public trusts—the theory of governance as applied to state institutions. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a mastery of technology sufficient to leave the surface of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ... Physics (Greek: (phúsis), nature and (phusiké), knowledge of nature) is the branch of science concerned with the fundamental laws of the universe. ... Chemistry - the study of atoms, made of nuclei (conglomeration of center particles) and electrons (outer particles), and the structures they form. ... By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a mastery of technology sufficient to leave the surface of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... Physical instruction at the U.S. Naval Training Station, Newport, Rhode Island, 1917 Physical education (PE) is the interdisciplinary study of all areas of science relating to the transmission of physical knowledge and skills to an individual or a group, the application of these skills, and their results. ... French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ...

The curriculum is devised by the French Ministry of National Education and applies to all collèges in France and also for AEFE-dependent institutions. Académies and individual schools have little margin for curriculum customisation. Teachers compose syllabi per precise government educational regulations, and choose textbooks accordingly; every major French publishing house has a textbook branch. Categories: French government | France-related stubs | Education in France ... Agence pour lEnseignement Français à lEtranger (AEFE), or the Agency for French Teaching Abroad is a national public agency under the administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France. ... Look up syllabus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Textbook (disambiguation). ...

Process & Purpose

Each subject usually is taught by a different professeur; most professeurs teach different age groups. Collège pupils sit with the same group of students throughout the school year, and in every subject (except optional courses, e.g. foreign languages, students from several groups mix). Therefore, in each grade, pupils are divided into as many classes as necessary, because there exists the strong pedagogical belief in mixed-ability classes; streaming is rare.

Class size varies from school to school, but usually ranges between 20-35 pupils. Each classe has a professeur principal (principal professor) who is the link among the faculty, the administration, and the pupils. Early in the school year, the pupils elect two délégués (delegates) and two suppléants (substitutes) from their own classes. They represent the pupils in the class council, acting as links between the students and the principal professor (head teacher).

Teachers, administrators, and delegates of each grade meet thrice yearly in conseil de classe (class council). In those meetings are discussed the individal level of each student, and of the class, and matters of logistics and discipline inherent to the group of pupils. Teachers may refer to: Teachers (UK TV series), a British comedy drama Teachers (US TV series), an American version of the British comedy drama of the same name Teachers (film), a 1984 drama film, starring Nick Nolte and JoBeth Williams See also: Teacher. ... Look up Logistics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... School Discipline is a form of discipline found in schools. ...

Ultimately, the role of the collège is to prepare students for the advanced subjects of the lycée. At the end of troisième, students sit for le diplôme national du Brevet, an end-of-collège examaniation; The brevet is not required for entrance to the lycée, nor does passing it guarantee that a pupil will progress to the higher-level school.

During the last conseil de classe of the year, held in June, the professeurs and administrators decide whether or not a pupil can progress to the next grade. In deciding, they evaluate the student's skills, participation, and behaviour. Three outcomes are possible: Skill is human (usually learned) ability to perform actions. ... Behavior or behaviour refers to the actions or reactions of an object or organism, usually in relation to the environment. ...

1. the student progresses to the next grade;
2. his or her redoublement (redoubling or repeating) can be required;
3. he or she can, in specific cases, be offered to skip over a grade and be promoted two grades.

A student asked to repeat a grade can appeal said decision for review, yet the decision of the appeals council is final. It has been suggested that Mandate (law) be merged into this article or section. ...

Carte scolaire

A lycée in Rennes, from the 19th century.

French parents are not free to choose the public school that their children will attend; unless said children have special pedagogical needs, they will attend the school allocated to them by the carte scolaire (school map). Reasons for attending a different public school, other than the local assigned one, include studying a unique elective (e.g. a rare foreign language) unavailable in the assigned school. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 897 KB) A central lycée in Rennes, France Copyright © 2004 David Monniaux File links The following pages link to this file: Secondary education in France ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 897 KB) A central lycée in Rennes, France Copyright © 2004 David Monniaux File links The following pages link to this file: Secondary education in France ... Some medieval houses, such as these at Champ-Jacquet, can still be found in the center of Rennes. ...

For many reasons, many parents consider the allocated school inadequate, most notably the "bad frequentation" (bad social elements) of the school. This is especially the case in poor neighbourhoods with great foreign immigrant populations. In any city, there are "better" lycées and collèges, which parents would prefer their children attend (usually dating from the 19th century, in the city centre). The two, principal methods of assigned school-circumvention used in such circumstances are: Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ...

• paying for partly-subsidised private schooling;
• having the child choose a unique elective (e.g. Ancient Greek) available only in the "better" schools.

A like trick used in case there are "better" classes in a given school: for easy organisation, students of certain elective subjects will be grouped in special classes, which may be academically attractive. Such choice elective courses typically include Latin or German or Ancient Greek as a first foreign language.

Lycée

The lycée is the second, and last, stage of secondary education in the French educational system. At the end of the final year of schooling, most students take the baccalauréat. Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Education in France: Secondary education in France (lycées) Baccalauréat Grandes Écoles List of universities in France See also Minister of National Education (France) Agence pour lEnseignement Français à lEtranger Categories: Education in France | Education by country | France-related stubs ... For other uses of Baccalaureate, see Baccalaureate (disambiguation). ...

Lycées are divided as (i) the lycée général, leading to two or more years of post–baccalauréat studies, (ii) the lycée technologique, leading to short-term studies, and (iii) the lycée professionel, leading directly to professional life. General and technological education streams are imparted at 'standard' lycées, while professional streams are imparted at separate professional lycées.

In fact, provided one is a good, competent pupil, when one is attending a lycée professionel, one can apply for short-term, post–baccalauréat studies, titled the Brevet de technicien suppérieur (BTS); it is a professional education. Moreover, a pupil in lycée général can apply for the same, short-term studies. Famous lycées in Paris include: Lycée Henri IV and Lycée Louis-le-Grand. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... Clovis bell tower The Lycée Henri IV (sometimes nicknamed HIV to be pronounced H4) is a public high school located in Paris. ... The Lycée Louis-le-Grand, in Paris is one of the most famous lycées providing preparatory classes for grandes écoles. ...

Lycée général & Lycée technologique

In France, the lycée général is the usual stepping stone to university degrees. The Seconde is a link-year during which students make their final choice of série (academic stream) for the final two years. During the seconde, students mostly take the same courses, despite having different intellectual and academic skills and interests. Therefore, that schooling year usually is deemed easier than either the première or the terminale. Representation of a university class, 1350s. ...

General Streams

After the seconde, most French students chose a general stream. In all streams, some subjects occupy more hours in the student's timetable. The baccalauréat examination is different for all three séries, and subjects are weighted according to the student's academic stream.

According to the official statistics, for the 2003–2004 school year, 33 per cent of students chose série S; 19 per cent chose série ES; and 11 per cent chose série L. Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... Physics (Greek: (phúsis), nature and (phusiké), knowledge of nature) is the branch of science concerned with the fundamental laws of the universe. ... Chemistry - the study of atoms, made of nuclei (conglomeration of center particles) and electrons (outer particles), and the structures they form. ... Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... History studies the past in human terms. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ...

In all streams, students have philosophy courses in terminale, while French language classes end in the première, excepting the série L, where they become French literature classes. The philosopher Socrates about to take poison hemlock as ordered by the court. ... French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... French literature is, generally speaking, literature written in the French language, particularly by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written by people living in France who speak other traditional non-French languages. ...

There also is a required option for further specialisation in all séries, although it is restricted to the chosen stream. For example, a student in série S can choose to specialise in mathematics, but not in philosophy. Specialisation adds a separate, weekly two-hour class in the chosen discipline; also, it increases the weight of said subject at the baccalauréat. The syllabus in the specialisation class is unrelated to the material learned in the common class. Specialisation is an important step in choosing a post–secondary career or subject at university, especially for admission to a classe préparatoire (CPGE). Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens. ... The philosopher Socrates about to take poison hemlock as ordered by the court. ... Look up syllabus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Representation of a university class, 1350s. ... The Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Écoles (nicknames : Classes prépas or simply prépa) are highly selective French undergraduate studies which prepare students to the Grandes Écoles. ...

Technological Streams

The lycée includes eight other streams, called séries technologiques:

• sciences et technologies de la gestion (Management Sciences and Technologies, STG) (replaced sciences et technologies tertiaires (Service Sciences and Technologies, STT) for the June 2007 Bac Exam)
• sciences et technologies industrielles (Industrial Science and Technologies, STI)
• sciences et technologies de laboratoire (Laboratory Science and Technologies, STL)
• sciences médico-sociales (Health and Social Sciences, SMS)
• sciences et technologies du produit agroalimentaire (Food Science and Technologies, STPA)
• sciences et technologies de l'agronomie et de l'environnement (Agronomy and Environment Science and Technologies, STAE)
• techniques de la musique et de la danse (Music and Dance Techniques, TMD)
• hôtellerie

The STPA and STAE stream are only available in lycées agricoles, speciality schools for agricultural sciences. Agricultural science (also called agronomy) is a broad multidisciplinary field that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic, and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. ...

Lycée professionnel

The Lycée Professionnel leads to several, different professional diplomas in all fields of study. The enrolled students are not planning on getting a higher education, as the schooling is vocational training as craftsmen and through internships in companies. It is a good track of schooling for students more interested in a hands-on educational approach, than in academic schooling and learning.

The first diploma, the CAP, is prepared for during 2 years; usually preparing the student for a specific occupation: carpenter, childcare provider, seamstress, et cetera. It is the easiest, obtainable diploma, hence, the academically weakest students follow this schooling track.

The second diploma, the BEP, is prepared for during 3 years, after the collége. It leads to a professional qualification in a specific field, such as restaurant industry, 'metallurgy, et cetera. It is more difficult diploma to earn than a CAP diploma; some students who have earned a CAP continue to a BEP.

The final diploma is the Baccalauréat Professionnel, the BP, it is the highest professional qualification available. It can be prepared for during 3 years after the college, but most students first earn a BEP and then continue to a Bac Professionnel.

The principal problem is that, while there are many tracks from which to choose, and, as some are more popular than others, there is a selection process undergone for entrance to them, that the academically weakest students often are assigned to a track they did not choose.

French Secondary Education Outside France

Main article: Agence pour l'Enseignement Français à l'Etranger Agence pour lEnseignement Français à lEtranger (AEFE), or the Agency for French Teaching Abroad is a national public agency under the administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France. ...

See also

• Baccalauréat
• Grandes écoles
• Education in France
• Lycée Français
• Lycée en France (in French)

For other uses of Baccalaureate, see Baccalaureate (disambiguation). ... This cites very few or no references or sources. ... Schoolsystem in France The French educational system is highly centralised, organised, and ramified. ... Lycée Français (French lyceum) is the name given to a private school belonging to a network of over 400 schools worldwide. ...

External links

• French Ministry of Education (in French)
• Bulletin Officiel (in French)
• Centre national de documentation pédagogique website (in French)