Semitic gods refers to the gods or deities of peoples generally classified as speaking a Semitic language. As Semitic itself is a rough, categorical term, the definitive bounds of the term "Semitic gods" are likewise only approximate. This article is about deities or gods from a non-monotheistic perspective. ... This list of deities aims at giving information about deities in the different religions, cultures and mythologies of the world. ... The Semitic languages are the northeastern subfamily of the Afro-Asiatic languages, and the only family of this group spoken in Asia. ... Semitic is a linguistic term referring to a subdivision of largely Middle Eastern Afro-Asiatic languages, the Semitic languages, as well as their speakers corresponding cultures, and ethnicities. ...

A topic of particular interest is the transition of Semitic polytheism into our contemporary understanding of monotheism by way of the god El, a name of god Judaism and cognate to Islam's Allah. Polytheism stevenis gay, or worship of, multiple gods or divinities. ... Monotheism (in Greek μόνος = single and θεός = God) is the belief in a single, universal, all-encompassing deity. ... Ēl is a northwest Semitic word and name translated into English as either god or God or left untranslated as El, depending on the context. ... Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( ▶ (help· info)), the peaceful submission to the will of God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... The word is the Arabic term for God. In other languages, it is often used to refer specifically to the Islamic concept of God: see Usage below. ...

Scholars have speculated that the "transition" from polytheism to monotheism was likely a form of theological supremacy — by which the theology of a supreme deity, the "One God," naturally grew from the supremacy of a particular culture to which that "One God" was favorable toward. (See covenant.) Thus, as the culture and people expanded, their monotheistic beliefs and specific God was carried with them. Supremacism is the belief that self-determination and freedom of association are principles less important than the virtues obtained by ones race, religion, belief system or culture ruling over others. ... Covenant, in its most general sense, is a word for a solemn contract or similar undertaking. ...

Proto-Semitic Gods

This is a partial list of possible Proto-Semitic deities.

(akk. Akkadian-Babylonian; ug. Ugaritic; phoin. Phoinician; hebr. Hebrew; arab. Arabic; OSA. Old South Arabic; eth. Ethiopic) Entrance to the Palace of Ugarit Ugarit (modern site Ras Shamra رأس شمرة; in Arabic) 35°35´ N; 35°45´E) was an ancient cosmopolitan port city, sited on the Mediterranean coast of northern Syria a few kilometers north of the modern city of Latakia. ...

• *Ilu "god" (Supreme God: akk. Ilu, ug. il, phoin. ’l / Ēlos, hebr. Ēl / Elohim, OSA. ’l ). The Arabic Name Allāh is al-ilah "The God".
• *Aṯiratu (Ilu's wife: ug. aṯrt, hebr. Ašērāh'' OSA. ’ṯrt ).
  • She is also called *Ilatu "goddess" (akk. Ilat, phoin. ’lt, arab. Allāt ).
    • Also related (linguistically) are *ʻAṯtaru (God of Fertility: ug. ʻṯtr, OSA ʻṯtr, eth. ʻAstar ) and
      • *ʻAṯtartu (Goddess of Fertility: akk. Ištar, ug. ʻṯtrt, phoin. ʻštrt / Astarte hebr. ʻAštoreṯ ). The meaning of the names are unknown.
• *Haddu / *Hadadu (Storm God: akk. Adad, ug. hd, phoin. Adodos ). The meaning of the name is probably “thunderer”.
  • This god is also known as *Baʻlu "man, husband, lord" (akk. Bel, ug. bʻl, phoin. bʻl / Belos, hbr. Ba'al ).
• *Śamšu "sun" (Sun goddess: ug. špš, OSA: šmš, but akk. Šamaš is a male god).
• *Wariḫu "moon" (Moon god: ug. yrḫ, hebr. Yārēaḥ, OSA. wrḫ ).

See also Indoeuropean Pantheon Ä’l is a northwest Semitic word and name translated into English as either god or God or left untranslated as El, depending on the context. ... Elohim (אלהים) is a Hebrew word which expresses concepts of divinity. ... The word is the Arabic term for God. In other languages, it is often used to refer specifically to the Islamic concept of God: see Usage below. ... For the small research submarine, see Asherah (submarine). ... Allat (also al-Lat) was the Arab tribal goddess of the Thaqif who lived in the city of Taif. ... Ishtar is the Akkadian counterpart to the Sumerian Inanna and to the cognate northwest Semitic goddess Astarte. ... Astarte on a car with four branches protruding from roof. ... ‘Ashtart, commonly known as Astarte (also Hebrew or Phoenician עשתרת, Ugaritic ‘ttrt (also ‘Attart or ‘Athtart), Akkadian dAs_tar_tú (also Astartu), Greek Αστάρτη (Astártê)), was a major northwest_Semitic goddess, cognate in name, origin, and functions with the east-Semitic goddess Ishtar. ... Adad in Akkadian and Ishkur in Sumerian are the names of the storm-god in the Babylonian-Assyrian pantheon, both usually written by the logogram dIM. The Akkadian god Adad is cognate in name and functions with northwest Semitic god Hadad. ... Haddad - בעל הדד - حداد (in Ugaritic Haddu) was a very important northwest Semitic storm god and rain god, cognate in name and origin with the Akkadian god Adad. ... Bel, signifying lord or master, is a title rather than a genuine name, applied to various gods in Babylonian relgion. ... Baal is a Semitic title and honorific meaning lord that is used for various gods, spirits and demons particularly of the Levant. ... Shamash or Sama, was the common Akkadian name of the sun-god in Babylonia and Assyria, corresponding to Sumerian Utu. ... Ancient anthropomorphic Ukrainian stone stela (Kernosovka stela), possibly depicting a late Proto-Indo-European god, most likely Dyeus, the thunderer. ...

Similarities Between Semitic and Indo-European

• A sky god (Dyeus, *Ilu) who is also the supreme deity.
• A God of thunder (*Perkwunos, *Haddu) who has another aspect (*Tarun, *Ba'lu).
• The God of war fighting a serpent (e.g Marduk & Tiamat, Yahweh & Tannin for Semitic, Thor & Jörmungandr, Apollo & Python for Indoeuropean).
• Forest spirits (Se'irim & Jinn, Semitic, Pan & Cernunnos, Indoeuropean).
• Sun Ship (Egyptian Solar barge, European Sun Chariot).
• A first man whose name may have been derived from a tem meaning 'Earth' (*Manu, Indoeuropean (*Dhgem-on), Adapa / Adam, Canaanite, (Adapa, ʾĀḏām)
• (Semi-)evil being (although this may be religious 'basic') (Zoroastrian and Norse Ahriman and Loki, Hebrew Satan*)

These similiarities may have derived from the neolithic religion, and the differences in the names come from the different languages. The names of the the deities all basically mean the same - *Dyeus, from *Deiw-os (God: lit. Shining), and *Ilu, meaning God, *Tarun, Indoeuropean, means 'Thunderer', while so does Semitic *Haddu. Marduk [märdook] (Sumerian spelling in Akkadian AMAR.UTU solar calf; Biblical Merodach) was the name of a late generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon, who, when Babylon permanently became the political center of the Euphrates valley in the time of Hammurabi... Tiamat is a primeval monster/goddess in Babylonian and Sumerian mythology, and a central figure in the Enûma Elish creation epic. ... The Tetragrammaton in Phoenician (1100 BC to 300 CE), Aramaic (10th Century BC to 0) and modern Hebrew scripts. ... In Jewish folklore Tannin is the name of a demon associated either with a dragon or a serpent. ... Thor carries his hammer and wears his belt of strength in this illustration from an 18th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Thor goes fishing for the Midgard Serpent in this picture from an 18th century Icelandic manuscript. ... Statue of Apollo at the British Museum Apollo (Greek: Απόλλων, Apóllōn; Απελλων) is a god in Greek and Roman mythology, the son of Zeus and Leto, and the twin of Artemis (goddess of the hunt), one of the most important and many-sided of the Olympian divinities. ... Species Aspidites melanocephalus Aspidites ramsayi Python anchietae Python breitensteini Python brongersmai Python molurus Python regius Python reticulatus Python sebae Python timoriensis Python is the common name for the Boidae Family of nonvenomous constricting snakes—specifically the subfamily Pythonidae. ... Genie is the anglicized word for the Arabic jinni. In Semitic mythology and Islamic religion, a jinni (also djinni or djini) is a member of the jinn (or djinn), a race of spirits. ... Look up Pan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Pan could mean any of the following things: Pan is a type of cookware and bakeware Pan, a genus of apes composed of the Common Chimpanzee and the Bonobo Pan (geography) one of several types of geographical formations Pan (mythology), Greek god... Depiction of Cernunnos from the Pilier des nautes, Paris Cernunnos in Celtic polytheism is the deified spirit of horned male animals, especially of stags, a nature god associated with produce and fertility. ... Ra in his Solar barge A Solar barge (also Solar bark, Solar boat, Sun boat) is a mythological representation of the Sun riding in a boat. ... A Sun chariot is a mythological representation of the Sun riding in a chariot. ... Angra Mainyu or Ahriman was the evil spirit in the dualistic strain of Zoroastrianism. ... This picture, from an 18th century Icelandic manuscript, shows Loki with his invention - the fishing net. ... Gustave Dores depiction of Satan from John Miltons Paradise Lost Satan (שָׂטָן Standard Hebrew Satan, Greek and Latin Sátanas, Tiberian Hebrew Śāṭān; Aramaic שִׂטְנָא Śaṭanâ; Arabic شيطان Shaitan: both words mean Adversary; accuser; derived from the Semitic root šṭn, which carries the semantics of opposing, obstructing, and of being... A deity or a god, is a postulated preternatural being, usually, but not always, of significant power, worshipped, thought holy, divine, or sacred, held in high regard, or respected by human beings. ... *Dyēus is the reconstructed chief god of the Proto-Indo-European pantheon. ...

• *It is often believed that the evil spirit of Satan is derived from the Zoroastrian Ahriman.

See also Indoeuropean Pantheon Ancient anthropomorphic Ukrainian stone stela (Kernosovka stela), possibly depicting a late Proto-Indo-European god, most likely Dyeus, the thunderer. ...

See also

Aramean religion
Mesopotamian religion
Indoeuropean religion
Names of God in Judaism The Aramaeans, or Arameans, were a Semitic, seminomadic and pastoralist people who originated and had lived in upper Mesopotamia and Syria. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Ancient anthropomorphic Ukrainian stone stela (Kernosovka stela), possibly depicting a late Proto-Indo-European god, most likely Dyeus, the thunderer. ... At the bottom of the hands, the two letters on each hand combine to form יהוה (YHVH), the name of God. ...