Mom Rajawongse Seni Pramoj ม.ร.ว. เสนีย์ ปราโมช
6th Prime Minister of Thailand
In office September 17, 1945 – January 31, 1946 February 15, 1975 - March 13, 1975 April 20, 1976 - October 6, 1976
Preceded by	Tawee Boonyaket (1945) Sanya Dharmasakti (1975) Kukrit Pramoj (1976)
Succeeded by	Khuang Abhaiwongse (1946) Kukrit Pramoj (1975) Tanin Kraivixien (1976)
Born	May 20, 1905
Died	July 28, 1997
Nationality	Thai
Spouse	Amphasri Boonyaket

Mom Rajawongse Seni Pramoj (May 20, 1905 - July 28, 1997), (Thai: เสนีย์ ปราโมช) was three times prime minister of Thailand and a politician active in the Democrat Party. A lesser member of the Thai royal family, he was a descendant of King Rama II. Image File history File links Senipramoj. ... The following is a list of Prime Ministers of Thailand: Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, (1932-1933) General Phraya Phahol Pholphayuhasena, (1933-1938) Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, (1938-1944) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1944-1945) Tawee Boonyaket, (1945) Seni Pramoj, (1945) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1946) Luang Praditmanutham, (1946) Rear Admiral Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi... is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Tawee Boonyaket (November 10, 1904 - November 3, 1971, Thai: ทวี บุณยเกต) was a Thai politician, including a short term as prime minister. ... Sanya Dharmasakti (Thai สัญญา ธรรมศักดิ์, 5 April 1907 - 6 January 2002) was the 12th Prime Minister of Thailand. ... Maj. ... Major Khuang Abhaiwongse (May 17, 1902 - March 15, 1968; Thai ควง อภัยวงศ์) was three times prime minister of Thailand. ... Maj. ... Tanin Kraivixien (born April 5, 1927 in Bangkok, Thai: ธานินทร์ กรัยวิเชียร) was prime minister of Thailand between 1976 and 1977. ... is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... The following is a list of Prime Ministers of Thailand: Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, (1932-1933) General Phraya Phahol Pholphayuhasena, (1933-1938) Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, (1938-1944) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1944-1945) Tawee Boonyaket, (1945) Seni Pramoj, (1945) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1946) Luang Praditmanutham, (1946) Rear Admiral Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi... This article is part of or related to the Liberalism series Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | Liberal parties | Thai political parties ... The Chakri dynasty have ruled Thailand since king Taksin was declared mad in 1782. ... Phuttaloetla Nabhalai, Rama II, now known as Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (February 24, 1767–July 21, 1824), was the son of King Rama I and Queen Amarindra. ...

Biography

Born a son of HSH Prince Khamrob and Mom Daeng (Bunnag),^[1] he was educated at Trent College in Nottinghamshire before obtaining a second-class degree in Law from Worcester College, Oxford. He continued his studies at Gray's Inn, London, receiving first honours. After returning to Thailand he studied Thai Law, and following six months as trainee at the Supreme Court, he started to work at the Justice Civil Court. Later, he was transferred to the Foreign Ministry and was sent to the United States to became Thai ambassador there. Trent College is a Co-Educational, Public Boarding School in Long Eaton, Derbyshire. ... Nottinghamshire (abbreviated Notts) is an English county in the East Midlands, which borders South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Derbyshire. ... College name Worcester College Collegium Vigorniense Named after Sir Thomas Cookes, Worcestershire Established 1714 Sister College St Catharines College Provost Richard Smethurst JCR President Minesh Tanna Undergraduates 408 MCR President Tom Marshall Graduates 167 Homepage Worcester College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... Entrance to Grays Inn Grays Inn is one of the four Inns of Court in around the Royal Courts of Justice in London, England to which barristers belong and where they are called to the bar. ...

Free Thai Movement

Japanese forces invaded Thailand early on the morning of December 8, 1941 - shortly before the attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The Prime Minister, Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, ordered a ceasefire at noon, entering into an armistice that allowed the Japanese to use Thai military installations in their invasion of Malaya and Burma. On December 21, a formal military alliance with Japan was concluded. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about the harbor in Hawaii. ... Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... Field Marshall Phibunsongkhram (July 14, 1887 - June 11, 1964) (also sometimes spelled Phibul Songkhram or Pibul Songgram) was prime minister and military dictator in Thailand from 1938-1944 and 1948-1957. ...

The Phibun government declared war on Great Britain and the United States on January 25, 1942. Although the Thai ambassador in London delivered Thailand's declaration of war to the British government, Seni refused to do so. Instead, he considered organising a resistance movement in the United States. is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Following a late morning interview with Secretary Cordell Hull on December 8, Seni returned to his legation to confer with his staff. The ambassador and his staff unanimously decided to cast their lot with the Allies. Late the same afternoon, he returned to the State Department to offer their services to the Allied cause. Blaming pro-Japanese elements for the early Thai surrender, he spoke to Hull of unfreezing Thai assets in the United States for further prosecution of the war and suggested that the Thais in the country might “organise and preserve a government of true patriotic, liberty-loving Thais while his government is in the clutches of Japan.” Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871–July 23, 1955) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. ...

The State Department decided to act as if Seni continued to represent Thailand. This enabled him to tap into the frozen Thai assets. When asked to draw up a list of “reliable and influential Thai nationals known to be definitely patriotic and anti-Japanese” by the State Department (at the suggestion of John P. Davies), Seni named Regent Pridi Phanomyong, politicians Khuang Aphaiwong and Wilat Osathanon, and diplomats Phraya Sisena and Direk Jayanama as “reliables”. John Paton Davies Jr. ... Pridi Phanomyong Pridi Phanomyong (May 11, 1900 - May 2, 1983) was a Thai politician. ... Major Khuang Abhaiwongse (May 17, 1902 - March 15, 1968; Thai ควง อภัยวงศ์) was three times prime minister of Thailand. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...

Seni advanced plans to mobilise Thai volunteers in support of the Allies. Beyond the legation staffers and their families, most other Thai residents were students enrolled at colleges and universities, including institutions such as Harvard, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Cornell. Many chose to stay following the Thai declaration of war in January, refusing repatriation. Most, like Seni, saw their nation as a victim of Japanese aggression. Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and a member of the Ivy League. ... The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private, coeducational research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. ... Cornell is the name of some places in the United States of America. ...

Post-war years

Seni became Prime Minister on September 17, 1945, the day he returned to Bangkok. However, he found his position at the head of a cabinet packed with Pridi’s loyalists quite uncomfortable. Northeastern populist politicians like Tiang Sirikhanth and Bangkok upstarts like Sanguan Tularaksa were not people the aristocratic Seni preferred to associate with. They, in turn, viewed Seni as an elitist who was entirely out of touch with Thailand’s political realities.^[2] Pridi continued to wield power behind the scenes as he had done during the Khuang government. The regent’s looming presence and overarching authority rankled the proud, thin-skinned Seni, fuelling a personal animosity that would poison Thailand’s postwar politics. Tiang Sirikhanth (December 5, 1909 - December 12, 1952) was a Thai politician and a Seri Thai leader. ... Sanguan Tularaksa (June 18, 1902 - May 15, 1995; Thai สงวน ตุลารักษ์) was a Thai politician and a leading member of the Seri Thai. ...

The Pramoj brothers subsequently joined the newly-formed Democrat Party in 1946, which was for the most part made up of royalists and conservative reactionaries. Seni would spend the next two years vigorously carrying out a personal vendetta against Pridi. Earlier in the year he had called for an investigation of the use of the $500,000 in Thai assets unfrozen by the US government that he had turned over to the OSS. Insinuating the money had all gone to the senior statesman, he alleged that "most of the money had not been spent for what it was intended." An independent investigatory panel, however, found no fault, concluding that the Free Thai had "performed remarkably well" and that the Thai people "owe a great deal to them."^[3] The outcome left the ex-prime minister looking extremely foolish.

Seni soon got his revenge, however. In the immediate aftermath of King Ananda Mahidol's death Seni and his party launched relentless attacks against the government and accused Pridi of engineering the king's assassination, the implausibility of the charge notwithstanding.^[4]

In November 1947 the Democrat Party cooperated with disgruntled army officers to oust the government of Thawan Thamrongnawasawat. As part of the deal, Seni was awarded a cabinet portfolio in Khuang's coup-installed cabinet.

The 1970s

Seni returned to his law practice, but remained active in the Democrat Party during this period of military rule. He served again briefly as prime minister from February 17 to March 17, 1975, when he was defeated and replaced by his younger brother, Mom Rajawongse Kukrit Pramoj. However, Kukrit's government only lasted until April 21, 1976, when Seni regained the top political office. Maj. ...

Seni's final term was a time of crisis in the nation. A rightwing backlash against leftist student demonstrators culminated in the Thammasat University massacre on October 6, 1976, and the military forced him out of office. The Massacre of 6 October 1976 was a violent crackdown on students and protestors that occured in the grounds of Thammasat University and Sanam Luang in Thailand. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Seni decided to resign as leader of the Democrat Party and left politics for good. He quietly practiced law until his retirement. This article is part of or related to the Liberalism series Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | Liberal parties | Thai political parties ...

References

1. ^ An Impressive Day at M.R. Kukrit's Home; Thailand Bibliography
2. ^ Prince Suphasawatwongsanit Sawadiwat. A Memorandum on Certain Aspects of Siamese Politics. Wanthani. 
3. ^ E. Bruce Reynolds. Thailand's Secret War. Cambridge University Press. 
4. ^ Larry Allen Niksch. United States Foreign Policy in Thailand's World War II Peace Settlements. Georgetown University. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Seni Pramoj

• Biography at the Thai government
• The Home of M R Kukrit Pramoj - a legacy of Thailand's famous son
• Asian History

v • d • e Prime Ministers of Thailand
Phraya Manopakorn Nititada · Phot Phahonyothin† · Plaek Pibulsonggram† · Khuang Abhaiwongse† · Tawee Boonyaket · Seni Pramoj · Khuang Abhaiwongse · Pridi Phanomyong · Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi† · Khuang Abhaiwongse† · Plaek Pibulsonggram† · Pote Sarasin · Thanom Kittikachorn† · Sarit Dhanarajata† · Thanom Kittikachorn† · Sanya Dharmasakti · Seni Pramoj · Kukrit Pramoj · Seni Pramoj · Tanin Kraivixien · Kriangsak Chomanan† · Prem Tinsulanonda† · Chatichai Choonhavan† · Anand Panyarachun · Suchinda Kraprayoon† · Meechai Ruchuphan* · Anand Panyarachun · Chuan Leekpai · Banharn Silpa-Archa · Chavalit Yongchaiyudh · Chuan Leekpai · Thaksin Shinawatra · Surayud Chulanont†
* acting     † head of a military government