Sentence case in a general sense describes the way that capitalization is used within a sentence. Sentence case also describes the standard capitalization of an English sentence, i.e. the first letter of the sentence is capitalized, with the rest being lower case (unless requiring capitalization for a specific reason, e.g. proper nouns, acronyms, etc.). For any word written in a language with whose alphabet or alphabet equivalent has two cases, such as those using the Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, or Armenian alphabet, capitalization (or capitalisation) is the writing of that word with its first letter in majuscules (uppercase) and the remaining letters in minuscules (lowercase). ... In linguistics, a sentence is a unit of language, characterised in most languages by the presence of a finite verb. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A noun, or noun substantive, is a word or phrase that refers to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality. ... Acronyms and initialisms are abbreviations formed from the initial letter or letters of words, such as NATO and XHTML, and are pronounced in a way that is distinct from the full pronunciation of what the letters stand for. ...

There are various other forms of sentence case (in the first sense), often developed for specific situations e.g. computer programming or markup languages where certain characters are not allowed. For programming in music, see Programming (music). ... A specialized markup language using SGML is used to write the electronic version of the Oxford English Dictionary. ...

Here are some alternative sentence cases used in written English:

• Sentence case - first letter of the sentence capitalized, all others lower case (with the exceptions noted above)
• UPPER CASE - all letters are capitalized
• lower case - no letters are capitalized
• Title Case - the first letter of each word is capitalized, the rest are lower case. In some cases short articles, prepositions, and conjunctions are not capitalized.

Here is a selection of sentence cases not used in standard English, but common in computer programming and other specialised fields: An article is a word that is put next to a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with adposition. ... For programming in music, see Programming (music). ...

• CamelCase - First letter of each word capitalized, spaces and punctuation removed.
• embedded_underscore - punctuation is removed and spaces are replaced by single underscores. Normally the letters share the same case (either UPPER_CASE_EMBEDDED_UNDERSCORE or lower_case_embedded_underscore) but the case can be mixed.
• sTuDlYcApS - Mixed case, with no semantic or syntactic significance to the use of the capitals. Sometimes only vowels are upper case, other times upper and lower case is alternated, but often it is just random. The name comes from the fact that it was used to imply coolness on the part of the writer, although nowadays it is more often used ironically. (It is also used to mock the violation of standard English case conventions by marketing people in the naming of computer software packages, even when there is no technical requirement to do so, e.g. Sun's naming of a windowing system NeWS.)

A road sign with CamelCase CamelCase, camel case or medial capitals is the practice of writing compound words or phrases where the words are joined without spaces, and each word is capitalized within the compound. ... The term punctuation has two different linguistic meanings: in general, the act and the effect of punctuating, i. ... The underscore _ is the character with ASCII value 95. ... StudlyCaps (or perhaps StUdLyCaPs) is a variation of CamelCase in which the individual letters in a word (or many) are capitalized and not capitalized, either at random or alternating in some pattern. ... In the main, semantics (from the Greek and in greek letters σημαντικός or in latin letters semantikós, or significant meaning, derived from sema, sign) is the study of meaning, in some sense of that term. ... {{ Categories: | | ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Irony is best known as a figure of speech (more precisely called verbal irony) in which there is a gap or incongruity between what a speaker or a writer says, and what is understood. ...

See also

• Letter case
• Capitalization