Separatist feminism is a form of feminism that does not support heterosexual relationships due to a belief that sexual disparities between men and women are unresolvable. Separatist feminists generally do not feel that men can make positive contributions to the feminist movement and that even well-intentioned men replicate the dynamics of patriarchy.^[1] Instead, separatist feminists concentrate on directing their energies and allegiances towards other women, outside of a patriarchal context. This typically includes working with other women towards political or social goals, choosing living and family arrangements that are female-only, and avoiding hiring or working for and with men. Feminists redirects here. ... Heterosexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by esthetic attraction, romantic love or sexual desire exclusively for members of the opposite sex or gender, contrasted with homosexuality and distinguished from bisexuality and asexuality. ... The sign of the headquarters of the National Association Opposed To Woman Suffrage Sexism is commonly considered to be discrimination and/or hatred against people based on their sex rather than their individual merits, but can also refer to any and all systemic differentiations based on the sex of the... This article concerns how a man differs from women. ... Image of a woman on the Pioneer plaque sent to outer space. ... The feminist movement (also known as the Womens Movement or Womens Liberation) is a series of campaigns on issues such as reproductive rights (including abortion), domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, and sexual violence. ... Look up patriarchy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Author Marilyn Frye describes separatist feminism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men and from institutions, relationships, roles and activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the benefit of males and the maintenance of male privilege — this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, by women."^[2] Marilyn Frye is a philosophy professor and feminist theorist. ...

Separatist feminism is controversial both inside and outside the feminist movement, and within the feminist movement only a small number of women advocate separatism. These women usually choose to live either in celibacy or lesbian relationships (see lesbian feminism) in order to escape what they see as a patriarchal society. Some of these arrangements are permanent while others are viewed as a "first step" period to enhance personal growth. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A lesbian is a woman who is romantically and sexually attracted only to other women. ... Lesbian feminism is a cultural movement and critical perspective, most popular in the 1970s and early 1980s (primarily in North America and Western Europe) that questions the position of women and homosexuals in society. ... Personal development (also known as self-development, self-improvement or personal growth) comprises the development of the self. ...

Lesbian separatism

Lesbian separatism is a form of separatist feminism that may incorporate queer nationalism and political lesbianism. Queer Nationalism is a phenomenon which is related both to nationalism and to gay and lesbian liberation movement. ... Political lesbianism is a phenomenon within feminism, primarily Second wave feminism; it includes, but is not limited to, lesbian separatism. ...

Lesbian separatism has inspired various works of lesbian science fiction, depicting, in the future, what separatist feminists would see as "utopias" in which all men have died out and advances in reproductive technology have eliminated the need to have men for human reproduction. John Varley's novel Wizard depicts such a "coven" of lesbian separatists who live in a space habitat at L2. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Gay science fiction. ... Left panel (The Earthly Paradise, Garden of Eden), from Hieronymus Boschs The Garden of Earthly Delights. ... John Varley John Herbert Varley (born August 9, 1947 in Austin, Texas) is a Hugo Award, Nebula Award, Seiun Award and Prometheus Award Winning science fiction author. ... A contour plot of the effective potential (the Hills Surfaces) of a two-body system (the Sun and Earth here), showing the five Lagrange points. ...

Lesbian separatism is frequently associated with Dianic paganism.^[3][4] This article or section should be merged with Dianic Wicca Dianic tradition (Dianic as in of Diana) is a branch of the Wiccan religion. ...

Controversy

Separatist feminism is highly controversial, and is frequently a subject of dispute, even within the feminist movement itself. Critics such as bell hooks argue that the beliefs of separatist feminists run counter to the many of the original goals of feminism, and instead of seeking to create equality, attempt to establish a female-centric and female-dominated society in which men are subjugated and misandry is brought into the mainstream.^[5] Critiques of the term "separatist" have also emerged from feminist critics such as Sonia Johnson who, while advocating a broadly separatist policy, point out that feminist separatism risks defining itself by what it separates itself from, i.e. men.^[6] Gloria Jean Watkins (born on September 25, 1952), better known as bell hooks, is an African-American intellectual, feminist, and social activist. ... Look up Misandry in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Sonia Johnson (born February 27, 1936) is an American feminist activist and writer, and was an outspoken supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). ...

Julie McCrossin quotes "dead men don't rape" and "kill them in their cots" as slogans of extreme lesbian separatists.^[7] Valerie Solanas's SCUM Manifesto suggested that it was the job of females to "destroy the male sex." Some extremist separatist feminists seemingly predict or advocate the attrition of men by a process of evolution, murder or abortion. While some of these statements may be empowerment fantasies rather than literal calls to violence, one men's rights activist compared separatist attitudes and hate speech towards men to those taken by Nazis towards Jews.^[8] Julie McCrossin (born 1954, Sydney) is an Australian radio broadcaster, journalist, comedian and campaigner for womens and gay rights. ... Valerie Jean Solanas (April 9, 1936 – April 26, 1988) was an American radical feminist writer who struggled to be recognized for her writing but became famous for shooting the artist Andy Warhol in 1968. ... Cover of the SCUM Manifesto The SCUM Manifesto (Society for Cutting Up Men Manifesto) is a misandrous tract written in 1968 by Valerie Solanas which advocated a violent anarchic revolution to create an all-female society. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... Mens Rights involves the promotion of male equality, rights, and freedoms in society. ... Hate speech is a controversial term for speech intended to degrade, intimidate, or incite violence or prejudicial action against a person or group of people based on their race, gender, age, ethnicity, nationality, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, language ability, moral or political views, socioeconomic class, occupation or appearance... The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ...

Men's rights groups have described women-only events and organizations as "separatist", with the UK Men and Father's Rights Website describing women-only library tables, for example, as "apartheid practices of excluding men".^[9] However, while organizations restricted to or geared towards only women are exclusive, they are not necessarily associated with the theories and political stance of separatist feminism. A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982. ...

Noteworthy separatist feminists

Separatism within the feminist movement enjoyed a peak in popularity during the 1970s. Organizations associated with separatist feminism include: The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ...

• Chicago Lesbian Liberation
• Collective Lesbian International Terrors
• The Killer Dyke
• The Furies Collective (Washington, D.C.)
• The Gorgons (California)
• The Lesbian Separatist Group (Seattle, Wwashington)
• The Lesbian-Feminist Center (Chicago)
• Radicalesbians Revolutionary Lesbians (Ann Arbor, Michigan)
• Tribad (New York City)
• Aristasia

Individuals associated with separatist feminism include: The Furies Collective began in Washington, D.C. in the summer of 1971 to give an important voice to lesbian separatism through its newspaper, The Furies. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City  234. ... For the railroad company, see Ann Arbor Railroad. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

• Rita Mae Brown, author and founder of The Furies Collective
• Charlotte Bunch, international human rights activist
• Mary Daly, theologian and former Boston College professor
• Andrea Dworkin, American author
• Charlotte Perkins Gilman, author of Herland
• Karla Jay, English professor and former member of the Gay Liberation Front
• Judy Grahn, American poet
• Audre Lorde, African-American poet
• Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon, American activists
• Kate Millett, author of Sexual Politics
• Adrienne Rich, American poet
• Jane Rule, Canadian author
• Linda Shear, American folksinger
• Barbara Smith, African-American activist
• Valerie Solanas, American writer and would be assassin
• Heidi Wyss, Swiss writer

Rita Mae Brown (born November 28, 1944) is a prolific American writer and social activist, notable for novels, poetry, and screenwriting. ... The Furies Collective began in Washington, D.C. in the summer of 1971 to give an important voice to lesbian separatism through its newspaper, The Furies. ... Charlotte Brunch at Beijing +5 Charlotte Bunch (b. ... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ... Mary Daly (born October 16, 1928 in Schenectady, New York) is a radical feminist theologian. ... Theology is literally rational discourse concerning God (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογος, logos, rational discourse). By extension, it also refers to the study of other religious topics. ... For similarly-named academic institutions, see Boston (disambiguation). ... Andrea Dworkin speaking to a federal commission on pornography in New York in January 1986 Andrea Rita Dworkin (September 26, 1946 – April 9, 2005) was an American radical feminist and writer best known for her criticism of pornography, which she linked with rape and other forms of violence against women. ... Charlotte Perkins Gilman (July 3, 1860 – August 17, 1935) was a prominent American poet, non-fiction writer, short story writer, novelist, lecturer, and social reformer. ... Herland is a utopian novel from 1915, written by feminist Charlotte Perkins Gilman. ... Karla Jay (born February 22, 1947) is a professor of English and the director of Womens Studies at Pace University. ... Gay Liberation Front Poster, New York 1970 Gay Liberation Front (GLF) was the name of a number of Gay Liberation groups, the first of which was formed in New York City in 1969, immediately after the Stonewall riots. ... Judy Rae Grahn (born July 28, 1940, in Chicago) is an American poet. ... Audre Geraldine Lorde (February 18, 1934 in Harlem, New York City - November 17, 1992) was a writer and an activist. ... Del Martin (born May 5, 1921) and Phyllis Lyon (born 1924) are an American lesbian couple known as feminist and gay-rights activists. ... Time magazine, August 31, 1970 Kate Millett (born September 14, 1934) is an American feminist writer and activist. ... Sexual Politics is a classic feminist text written by Kate Millet. ... Adrienne Rich (born May 16, 1929 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American feminist, poet, teacher, and writer. ... Jane Rule (born March 28, 1931 in Plainfield, New Jersey) is a Canadian writer of lesbian-themed novels and non-fiction. ... Linda Shear (born 1948 in Chicago, Illinois) is a singer/songwriter and piano player. ... Barbara Smith is an African-American, lesbian feminist who has played a significant role in building and sustaining Black Feminism in the United States. ... Valerie Jean Solanas (April 9, 1936 – April 26, 1988) was an American radical feminist writer who struggled to be recognized for her writing but became famous for shooting the artist Andy Warhol in 1968. ... Heidi Wyss is a Swiss author born (1975) in Geneva. ...

References