A sequela, (IPA/sɪ'kwi:lə/) (plural sequelæ) is a pathological condition resulting from a disease, injury, or other trauma. Chronic kidney disease, for instance, is sometimes a sequela of a food-borne illness; post-traumatic stress disorder may be a psychological sequela of rape. Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... The term disease refers to an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs function. ... Injury is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical or chemical. ... Psychological trauma is a type of damage to the psyche that occurs as a result of a traumatic event. ... Chronic renal failure (CRF, or chronic kidney failure, CKF, or chronic kidney disease, CKD) is a slowly progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years and defined as an abnormally low glomerular filtration rate, which is usually determined indirectly by the creatinine level in blood serum. ... Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a term for certain severe psychological consequences of exposure to, or confrontation with, stressful events that the person experiences as highly traumatic. ...
Sequelae of traumatic brain injury include: Cognitive impairments, personality changes, aggression, anxiety, apathy, depression, mania, psychosis, headache and dizziness.
Alternatively, the chronic sequelae may be unrelated to the acute illness and may occur even if the immune system successfully eliminates the primary infection; therefore, activation of the immune system may initiate the chronic condition as a result of an autoimmune response (2-4).
Severe cases may be prolonged and chronic; sequelae include confusion with disorientation, paucity of speech, lack of response to deep pain due to blocking of receptors in the spinal cord, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, seizures, abnormal ocular movements, grimacing posture, myoclonus, loss of reflexes, and coma.
Chronic sequelae of hepatitis A virus infections are rare and poorly defined; however, several recent studies suggest that hepatitis A virus infection triggers the onset of (idiopathic) autoimmune chronic active hepatitis within a genetically predisposed subgroup.
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