Literature Serbian culture refers to the culture of Serbia as well as the culture of Serbians in other parts of the former Yugoslavia and elsewhere in the world. ... Serbian literature is literature written in Serbian language and/or in Serbia. ... Music Serbia and Montenegro is a Balkan country, recently ravaged by war that has caused widespread migration and cultural oppression. ... Art Art of Serbia. ... Cuisine Serbian cuisine is derived from mixed traditions, mostly influenced by Mediterranean (especially Greek), Hungarian, Turkish and Austrian couisines, which makes it a heterogeneous one. ... Religion Kinship The Serbian language is one of the richest languages regarding kinship terminology. ... Dress Traditional Serbian costume, like any other traditional dress of a nation or culture, has been lost to the advent of urbanization, industrialization, and the growing market of international clothing trends. ... History Serbia was formerly an autonomous principality (1817–1878), independent principality (1878–1882), independent kingdom (1882–1918), part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1941) (since 1929 the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), nazi occupied puppet state (1941–1944), socialist republic within Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992) and... Sport Cinema

The Serbian Orthodox Church (Serbian Cyrillic: Српска православна црква; Serbian Latin: Srpska Pravoslavna Crkva; СПЦ, SPC, SOC) or the Church of Serbia is one of the autocephalous Orthodox Christian churches, ranking sixth after Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Russia. It exercises jurisdiction over Orthodox Christians in Serbia and surrounding Slavic and other lands, as well as exarchates and patriarchal representation churches around the world. The Patriarch of Serbia serves as first among equals in his church; the current patriarch is His Holiness Pavle. The Serbian language is one of the standard versions of the Å tokavian dialect (former standard was known as Serbo-Croatian language). ... The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first letters) is an alphabet used to write six natural Slavic languages (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... The Serbian language is one of the standard versions of the Å tokavian dialect (former standard was known as Serbo-Croatian language). ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, especially Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, autocephaly is the status of a hierarchical church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion centered on Jesus of Nazareth, whom Christians call Jesus Christ, and New Testament accounts of his life and teachings. ... The Orthodox Church of Constantinople is one of the fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches. ... The Orthodox Church of Alexandria is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ... The Antiochian Orthodox Church is one of the five churches that comprised the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church before the Great Schism, and today is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ... The Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, properly called the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, is regarded by Orthodox Christians as the mother church of all of Christendom, because it was in Jerusalem that the Church was established on the day of Pentecost with the descent of the Holy Spirit on the... In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch was an essentially military viceroy who governed a part of the empire at some remove from the central (oriental) authorities, the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Image:Patriarch Pavle. ...

The Serb Patriarch's full title is "Archbishop of Peć, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, and Patriarch of the Serbs." Peć (Serbian: Пећ; Albanian Pejë or Peja) is a city located in the western part of Kosovo, Serbia and Montenegro, at 40°66′N 20°31′E. It had a population of 81,800 as of 2003. ... For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... Sremski Karlovci (Serbian: Sremski Karlovci or Сремски Карловци, German: Karlowitz or Carlowitz, Croatian: Srijemski Karlovci, Hungarian: Karlóca, Turkish: Karlofça) is a town and municipality in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia and Montenegro, situated on the bank of the river Danube, between Belgrade and Novi Sad. ...

History

The Serbian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous, or ecclesiastically independent, member of the Orthodox communion, located primarily in Serbia and Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the Republic of Macedonia. Since many Serbs have emigrated to foreign countries, there are now Serbian Orthodox communities worldwide. Motto: (Macedonian: Слобода или Смрт) (English: Liberty or death) Anthem: Macedonian: Денес Над Македонија (Transliteration: Denes Nad Makedonija) (Translation: Today Over Macedonia) Capital Skopje Largest city Skopje Official language(s) Macedonian1 Government President Prime Minister Parliamentary republic Branko Crvenkovski Vlado Bučkovski Independence Declared From Yugoslavia September 8, 1991 Area  - Total    - Water (%)   25,333 km² (146th...

Saint Andrew (Greek: Andreas, manly), the Christian Apostle, brother of Saint Peter, was born at Bethsaida on the Lake of Galilee. ... Saint Sava (1175 or 1176 - January 12, 1235 or 1236), originally the prince Rastko Nemanjic (son of the Serbian king Stefan Nemanja and brother of Stefan Prvovencani, founder of the Serbian medieval state), is the first Serb archbishop (1219-1233) and the most important saint in the Serbian Orthodox Church. ... The Ecumenical Patriarchate is the patriarchate of the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Image:Patriarch Pavle. ... The Serbian language is one of the standard versions of the Å tokavian dialect (former standard was known as Serbo-Croatian language). ...

Origins

St. Sava I - The First Archbishop of Serbia

The Serbs were converted to Christianity not long after their arrival in the Balkans, before the Great Schism split the Christian Church into rival Latin-speaking (Roman Catholic) and Greek-speaking Eastern Orthodox Churches. During the early Middle Ages, the religious allegiance of the Serbs was divided between the two churches. Image File history File links Ssava. ... Image File history File links Ssava. ... Serbs (in the Serbian language Срби, Srbi) are a south Slavic people living chiefly in Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion centered on Jesus of Nazareth, whom Christians call Jesus Christ, and New Testament accounts of his life and teachings. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The term Great Schism refers to either of two splits in the history of Christianity: Most commonly, it refers to the great East-West Schism, the event that separated Eastern Orthodoxy and Western Roman Catholicism in the eleventh century (1054). ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...

The various Serbian principalities were united ecclesiastically in the early 13th century by Saint Sava, the son of the Serbian ruler and founder of the Serbian medieval state Stefan Nemanja and brother of Stefan Prvovencani, the first Serbian king. Sava persuaded the patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church to establish the Church in Serbia as an autocephalous body, with Sava himself as its archbishop, consecrated in 1219. (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Saint Sava Saint Sava (1175 or 1176 - January 12, 1235 or 1236), originally the prince Rastko Nemanjić (son of the Serbian ruler and founder of the Serbian medieval state Stefan Nemanja and brother of Stefan Prvovenčani, first Serbian king), is the first Serb archbishop (1219-1233), the most important... Grand Prince/Duke Stefan Nemanja Stefan Nemanja (Serbian: Стефан Немања Мироточиви), Stefan I (1109-13 February 1199) was the Grand Prince of Rascia (Рашка), located in the central west region of the Balkans from 1166 to 25 March 1196 and founder of the House of Nemanja dynasty. ... Stefan Prvovenčani (lit. ... // Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade The Flag of Denmark fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Christopher I of Denmark (died 1259) Frederick II of Austria (died 1246) Guillaume de Gisors, supposedly the...

The status of the Serbian Orthodox Church grew along with the growth in size and prestige of the medieval kingdom of Serbia. When King Stefan Dušan assumed the imperial title of tsar in 1346, the Archbishopric of Pec was correspondingly raised to the rank of Patriarchate. In the century that followed, the Serbian Church achieved its greatest power and prestige. The Kingdom of Serbia was a very real era. ... Tsar Stefan UroÅ¡ IV DuÅ¡an Silni (the mighty) (Serbian: Цар Стефан Душан Силни) (circa 1308 – December 20, 1355) was a Serb king (September 8, 1331 – 1346) and tsar (1346 – December 5, 1355). ... Look up Tsar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary For the US community of Czar, see Czar, West Virginia. ... // Events Serbian Empire was proclaimed in Skopje by Dusan Silni, occupying much of the South-Eastern Europe Foundation of the University of Valladolid Foundation of Pembroke College, University of Cambridge August 26 Battle of Crecy after which Edward the Black Prince honored the bravery of John I, Count of Luxemburg... PEC can have the following meanings Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh Pakistan Engineering Concil Pakistan Engineering Congress Prince Engineering Center at Oklahoma Christian University This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Ottoman rule

In 1459, the Ottoman Empire conquered Serbia and made much of the former kingdom a pashaluk (province) under the rule of a Turkish governor. Although the Empire was run on Islamic principles, Christians were treated fairly tolerantly under the millet system and not subjected to Muslim faith or law. Although many Serbs did convert to Islam, most continued their adherence to the Serbian Orthodox Church. Events September 23 - Battle of Blore Heath. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Söğüt (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl... Islam (Arabic: ; ) is a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the Quran. ... Millet (stress on the e) is an Ottoman Turkish term for a legally protected religious minority. ...

'The Exodus of the Serbs', portrays the Serbian Orthodox Patriarch Arsenije III Carnojevic, surrounded by soldiers, flocks of sheep and women with babies, leading some 36,000 families from his seat in Pec, Kosovo and Southern Serbia to what is now Vojvodina and further to Hungary in 1690, after Serbian revolts failed.

The Church itself continued in existence throughout the Ottoman period, though not without some disruption. After the death of Patriarch Arsenios II in 1463 a successor was not elected. The Patriarchate was thus de facto abolished, and the Serbian Church passed under the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The Serbian Patriarchate was restored in 1557 by the sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. Macarios, brother of the famous Mehmed Pasha Sokolovic, was elected Patriarch in Peć. Image File history File links Serbmigra. ... Image File history File links Serbmigra. ... Events January 5 - Poet Francois Villon is banned from Paris Births January 17 - Frederick III, Elector of Saxony (died 1525) February 24 - Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (died 1494) October 20 - Alessandro Achillini, Italian philosopher (died 1512) Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de Medici, Italian patron of the arts (died 1503... A patriarchate is the office or jurisdiction of a patriarch. ... The Ecumenical Patriarchate is the patriarchate of the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Events Spain is effectively bankrupt. ... A sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ... Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (Modern Turkish: Süleyman; Arabic: Sulaymān) (November 6, 1494 – September 5/6, 1566), was the tenth Osmanli Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and its longest-serving, reigning from 1520 to 1566. ... Mehmed Pasha Sokolović (in Turkish Sokollu Mehmet Paşa) (1505 or 1506-June 30, 1579) was born in the village of Sokolovići near the town of Višegrad in Bosnia of Serbian parents. ...

The restoration of the Patriarchate was of great importance for the Serbs because it helped the spiritual unification of all Serbs in the Turkish Empire. After consequent Serbian uprisals against the Turkish occupators in which the Church had a leading role, the Turks abolished the Patriarchate once again in 1766. The Church remained once more under the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constintinople. This period of so called "Phanariots" was a period of great spiritual decline because the Greek bishops had very little understanding for their Serbian flock. Imperial motto: unknown The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul (Constantinople) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million (at most) Area (1683) 11 955 000 km² Establishment 1281 Dissolution October 29, 1923 Currency Akçe The flag of the later... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Patriarch of Constantinople is the Ecumenical Patriarch, the first among equals in the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ...

During this period, many Christians across the Balkans converted to Islam to avoid severe taxes imposed by the Turks in retaliation for uprisings and continued resistance. Many Serbs migrated with their hierarchs to southern Hungary where they had been granted autonomy. The seat of the archbishops was moved from Pec to Karlovci. Its close association with Serbian resistance to Ottoman rule led to Serbian Orthodoxy becoming inextricably linked with Serbian national identity and the new Serbian monarchy that emerged from 1815 onwards. The Serbian Orthodox Church finally regained its independence and became autocephalous in 1879, the year after the recognition by the Great Powers of Serbia as an independent state. Islam (Arabic: ; ) is a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the Quran. ... PEC can have the following meanings Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh Pakistan Engineering Concil Pakistan Engineering Congress Prince Engineering Center at Oklahoma Christian University This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... In the context of international relations and diplomacy, power (sometimes clarified as international power, national power, or state power) is the ability of one state to influence or control other states. ...

Serbia and Yugoslavia

After World War I all the Orthodox Serbs were united under one ecclesiastical authority, and the Patriarchate was reestablished in 1920 with the election of Patriarch Dimitry. It gained great political and social influence in the inter-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, during which time it successfully campaigned against the Yugoslav government's intentions of signing a concordat with the Vatican. Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead:5 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:8 million Military dead:4 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:7 million The First World... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a kingdom in the Balkans which existed from the end of World War I until World War II. It occupied an area made up of the present-day states of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro, Republic of Macedonia, and most of present-day Slovenia... A concordat is an agreement between the pope and a government or sovereign on religious matters. ...

During the Second World War the Serbian Orthodox Church suffered severely from persecutions by the occupying powers and the rabidly anti-Serbian Ustaše regime of Croatia, which sought to create a "Croatian Orthodox Church" which Orthodox Serbs were forced to join. Several hundred thousand Serbs were killed during the war; bishops and priests of the Serbian Orthodox Church were singled out for persecution, and many Orthodox churches were damaged or destroyed. Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The UstaÅ¡e (often spelled Ustashe in English; singular UstaÅ¡a or Ustasha) was a Croatian organization put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis Powers in 1941, in which they pursued Nazi policies. ... This was a church in Croatia made during World War II by the Ustasha regime in the Independent State of Croatia. ...

After the war the Church was suppressed by the Communist government of Josip Broz Tito, which viewed it with suspicion due to the Church's links with the exiled Serbian monarchy and the nationalist Chetnik movement. Along with other ecclesiastical institutions of all denominations, the Church was subject to strict controls by the Yugoslav state, which prohibited the teaching of religion in schools, confiscated Church property and discouraged religious activity among the population. Communism - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ... Portrait of Tito by Paja Jovanović Tito redirects here. ... Chetniks (Serbian Četnici, Четници) were an organization of Yugoslavs (mostly Serbs) who supported the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and formed a notable resistance force during World War II. The name is derived from the Serbian word četa which means company (of about 100 men). ...

The Patriarchate of Pec is the seat of the SOC. It is located in Kosovo.

The gradual demise of Yugoslav communism and the rise of rival nationalist movements during the 1980s also led to a marked religious revival throughout Yugoslavia, not least in Serbia. The Serbian Patriarch, Pavle, supported the opposition to Slobodan Milošević in the 1990s. Image File history File links Epatriar. ... Image File history File links Epatriar. ... Patriarchate of Peć (Serbian: Пећка патријаршија) is a Serbian Orthodox monastery located near Peć in Kosovo. ... MacGyver is one of the symbols of 1980s The 1980s decade refers to the years from 1980 to 1989, inclusive. ... Patriarch Pavle His Holiness the Archbishop of Peć, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, Serb Patriach Pavle was born Gojko Stojčević on 11 September 1914, in the village of Kućanci, near Donji Miholjac (then in Austria-Hungary, currently in Croatia). ... Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević ({{Serbian Cyrillic: Слободан Милошевић}}, pronounced []); (20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia. ... The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive. ...

The Macedonian Orthodox Church was created by the Yugoslav authorities in 1967, effectively as an offshoot of the Serbian Orthodox Church in what was then the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, as part of the Yugoslav drive to build up a Macedonian national identity. This was strongly resisted by the Serbian Church, which does not recognise the independence of its Macedonian counterpart. Campaigns for an independent Montenegrin Orthodox Church have also gained ground in recent years. 1MOC claims continuity with historical Bulgarian Archbishopric of Ohrid, an autonomous Eastern Orthodox Church under the tutelage of the Patriarch of Constantinople, which existed between 1019 and 1767, but the claims are not recognized by other Orthodox churches. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ... National motto: None Official languages Macedonian2 Capital Skopje President Branko Crvenkovski Prime Minister Vlado Buckovski Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 145th 25,713 km² 1. ... The Macedonians (Macedonian: Македонци) - also referred to as Macedonian Slavs - are a South Slavic ethnic group who live in the southern Balkans region of Europe. ... The Montenegrin Orthodox Church (MOC) is an officially recognized church in Montenegro which claims to be the sole legitimate Orthodox church of Montenegro. ...

Yugoslav wars

The Yugoslav wars gravely impacted several branches of the Serb Orthodox Church. The Yugoslav wars were a series of violent conflicts in the territory of the former Yugoslavia that took place between 1991 and 2001. ...

Many churches in Croatia were damaged or destroyed since the beginning of the war in that country in 1991. The bishops and priests and most faithful of the eparchies of Zagreb, of Karlovac, of Slavonia and of Dalmatia became refugees. The latter three were almost completely abandoned after the exodus of the Serbs from Croatia in 1995. The eparchy of Dalmatia also had its see temporarily moved to Knin after Republic of Serbian Krajina was established. The eparchy of Slavonia had its see moved from Pakrac to Daruvar. Prior to the Operation Storm, two 7-8 centuries old monateries were destroyed - Krupa of King Stefan Milutin and Emperor Stefan Dušan from 1317 and Krka of Dušan's sister, Banatess Jelena Nemanjić Šubić of Croatia from 1346. Krka was heavily raided - but mostly repaired by now, while Krupa was burned down by the Croats. 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Knin is a historical town in the Å ibenik-Knin county of Croatia, located near the source of the river Krka at 44°02′18″N, 16°11′59″E, in the Dalmatian hinterland, on the railroad Zagreb–Split. ... Coat of Arms of the Republic of Serbian Krajina The Republic of Serbian Krajina (Republika Srpska Krajina, Република Српска Крајина, RSK) was a self-proclaimed Serbian entity in Croatia during the 1990s; it was not recognized internationally. ... Coat of arms Pakrac is a town in Slavonia, Croatia. ... Daruvar is a town in central Croatia, population 9,815 (2001), total municipality population 13,243 (2001). ... Combatants Croatia Republic of Serbian Krajina Commanders general Zvonimir ÄŒervenko general Mile MrkÅ¡ić Strength 150,000 soldiers, 350 tanks, 800 artillery pieces, 50 rocket launchers, 30 aircraft and helicopters 40,000 soldiers, 200 tanks, 350 artillery pieces, 25 rocket launchers, 20 aircraft and helicopters Casualties 174 soldiers killed, 1... Stephen Uros II Milutin of Serbia was king of Serbia from 1282 to 1321. ... Tsar Stefan UroÅ¡ IV DuÅ¡an Silni (the mighty) (Serbian: Цар Стефан Душан Силни) (circa 1308 – December 20, 1355) was a Serb king (September 8, 1331 – 1346) and tsar (1346 – December 5, 1355). ... Events The Great Famine of 1315-1317. ... // Events Serbian Empire was proclaimed in Skopje by Dusan Silni, occupying much of the South-Eastern Europe Foundation of the University of Valladolid Foundation of Pembroke College, University of Cambridge August 26 Battle of Crecy after which Edward the Black Prince honored the bravery of John I, Count of Luxemburg... Croats (Croatian: Hrvati) are a south Slavic people mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. ...

The eparchies of Bihać-Petrovac, Dabar-Bosnia and Zvornik-Tuzla were also dislocated due to the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The eparchy see of Dabar-Bosnia was temporarily moved to Sokolac, and the see of Zvornik-Tuzla to Bijeljina. Over a hundred Church-owned objects in the Zvornik-Tuzla eparchy were destroyed or damaged during the war. Many monasteries and churches in the Zahumlje eparchy were also destroyed. Numerous faithful from these eparchies also became refugees. Sokolac (Cyrilic: Соколац) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Bijeljina (Cyrilic: Бијељина) is a city in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Republika Srpska entity. ...

By 1998, the situation stabilized in both countries. Most of the property of the Serb Orthodox Church was again put in normal use, the bishops and priests returned, and that which was destroyed, damaged or vandalized was restored. The process of rebuilding several churches is still under way, notably the cathedral of the Eparchy of Upper Karlovac in Karlovac. The return of the SOC faithful also started, but they are not nearly close to their pre-war numbers, as of 2004. Many Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries were damaged or destroyed during the 2004 unrest in Kosovo. 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... The Eparchy of upper Karlovac (Serbian: Епархија горњокарловачка or Eparhija gornjokarlovačka) is an eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church seated in the city of Karlovac, Croatia. ... Karlovac is a city in central Croatia with 59,395 inhabitants (2001), center of the Karlovac county. ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Violent unrest in Kosovo (a United Nations-administrated province of Serbia officially called Kosovo and Metohija) broke out on March 17, 2004. ...

Structure

The supreme authority of the Serbian Orthodox Church is the Holy Synod, a "parliament" composed of all its bishops, who meet once a year. A permanent synod of four members carries out the administration of the day-to-day affairs of the church.

The Serbian Orthodox Church is divided into 40 dioceses each headed by its own Metropolitan, Archbishop or Bishop: Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ...

Dioceses are further divided into episcopal deaneries, each consisting of several church congregations and parishes. Church congregations consist of one or more parishes. A parish is the smallest Church unit - a communion of Orthodox faithful congregating at the Holy Eucharist with the parish priest at their head. For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... // Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade The Flag of Denmark fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Christopher I of Denmark (died 1259) Frederick II of Austria (died 1246) Guillaume de Gisors, supposedly the... // Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade The Flag of Denmark fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Christopher I of Denmark (died 1259) Frederick II of Austria (died 1246) Guillaume de Gisors, supposedly the... The Metropolitanate of Montenegro is the major diocese that rules over the territory of Montenegero. ... // Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade The Flag of Denmark fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Christopher I of Denmark (died 1259) Frederick II of Austria (died 1246) Guillaume de Gisors, supposedly the... Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Official website: http://egov. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... The Old town in Stockholm from the air is the capital of Sweden, located on the south east coast of Sweden. ... thumbnail|A szentendrei főtér Szentendre (-Hungarian, in Serbian: Sentandreja/Сентандреја) is a small Hungarian town in Pest county, near the capital city of Budapest, known for its museums, galleries, and artists. ... The Eparchy of upper Karlovac (Serbian: Епархија горњокарловачка or Eparhija gornjokarlovačka) is an eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church seated in the city of Karlovac, Croatia. ... The Eparchy of Zahumlje and Herzegovina (Епархија захумско-херцеговачка) is a bishopric of the Serb Orthodox Church with its seat in the Tvrdoš monastery of Trebinje (in the southernmost part of Bosnia and Herzegovina). ... The Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric was formed in 2002 following a failure in negociations between the Serbian Orthodox Church and the canonically-unconstitutional and unrecognized Macedonian Orthodox Church (MOC). ... Events Sunset Crater Volcano first erupts. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... The Eucharist is either the Christian sacrament of consecrated bread and wine or the ritual surrounding it. ...

Holy Assembly of Bishops

• Archbishop of Pec, Metropolitan of Belgrade-Karlovci and Serbian Patriarch PAVLE

• Metropolitan of Zagreb , Ljubljana and all of Italy JOVAN
• Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Coastlands AMPHILOHIJE
• Metropolitan of Midwestern America CHRISTOPHER
• Metropolitan of Dabro-Bosna NIKOLAJ

• Bishop of Sabac-Valjevo LAVRENTIJE
• Bishop of Nis IRINEJ
• Bishop of Zvornik-Tuzla VASILIJE
• Bishop of Syrmia VASILIJE
• Bishop of Banja Luka JEFREM
• Bishop of Budim LUKIJAN
• Bishop of Canada GEORGIJE
• Bishop of Banat NIKANOR
• Bishop for America and Canada (New Gracanica Metropolitanate) LONGIN
• Bishop of Eastern America MITROPHAN
• Bishop of Zica CHRYSOSTOM
• Bishop of Backa IRINEJ
• Bishop of Great Britain and Scandinavia DOSITEJ
• Bishop of Ras and Prizren ARTEMIJE
• Retired Bishop of Zahumlje and Hercegovina ATANASIJE
• Bishop of Bihac and Petrovac CHRYSOSTOM
• Bishop of Osijek and Baranja LUKIJAN
• Bishop of Central Europe CONSTANTINE
• Bishop of Western Europe LUKA
• Bishop of Timok JUSTIN
• Bishop of Vranje PAHOMIJE
• Bishop of Sumadija JOVAN
• Bishop of Slavonia SAVA
• Bishop of Branicevo IGNATIJE
• Bishop of Milesevo FILARET
• Bishop of Dalmatia FOTIJE
• Bishop of Budimlje and Niksic JOANIKIJE
• Bishop of Zahumlje and Hercegovina GRIGORIJE
• Bishop of Australia and New Zealand MILUTIN
• Bishop of Gornji Karlovci GERASIM
• Vicar Bishop of Hvostno ATANASIJE
• Vicar Bishop of Jegar PORFIRIJE
• Vicar Bishop of Lipljan TEODOSIJE
• Vicar Bishop of Dioclea JOVAN
• Vicar Bishop of Hum MAKSIM

• Metropolitan of Veles-Povardarje and Exarch of Ohrid JOVAN
• Bishop of Velika and Polog-Kumanovo JOAKIM
• Bishop of Dremvica and Bitola MARKO

PEC can have the following meanings Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh Pakistan Engineering Concil Pakistan Engineering Congress Prince Engineering Center at Oklahoma Christian University This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... Image:Patriarch Pavle. ... Zagreb at night, from Sljeme Zagreb cathedral St. ... (help· info) (IPA: ) is the capital and largest city in Slovenia. ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian Capital Podgorica Former Royal Capital Cetinje President Filip Vujanović Prime Minister Milo Đukanović Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  13,812 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ Density  616,258  48. ... Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Official website: http://egov. ... Bosnia and Herzegovina (officially Bosna i Hercegovina, shortened to BiH, also in English variously written Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnia-Hercegovina) is a mountainous country in the western Balkans. ... NIS is an acronym for: National Intelligence Service (Albania), Albanias new state security agency Naval Investigative Service, predecessor of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) National Intelligence Service (South Korea), South Koreas state security agency Network Information Service New Israeli sheqel Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet... Zvornik (Зворник) is a city on the Drina river in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, located southeast of Tuzla and north of Srebrenica. ... Tuzla city shield Municipality of Tuzla (marked green) Tuzla is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Srem District in Vojvodina Vukovar-Srijem county within Croatia Syrmia (Serbian: Срем or Srem, Croatian: Srijem, Hungarian: Szerémség or Szerém, Slovak: Sriem, German: Syrmien, from Latin: Syrmia or Sirmium) is a fertile region of the Pannonian plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. ... Banja Luka (Cyrillic: Бања Лука) is the second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the capital and the largest city of the entity Republika Srpska as well as a major center of the region known as Bosanska Krajina. ... Buda (German: Ofen, Croatian: Budim or Serbian: Будим) is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the right bank of the Danube. ... Banat (Romanian: Banat; Serbian: Банат or Banat; German: Banat; Hungarian: Bánát or Bánság; Slovak: Banát) is a geographical and historical region in Southeastern Europe divided among three countries: the eastern part belongs to Romania (the counties of TimiÅŸ, CaraÅŸ-Severin, Arad, and MehedinÅ£i), the western... Motto: E pluribus unum (1789 to 1956) (Latin: Out of Many, One) In God We Trust (1956 to present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at federal level; English de facto Government • President • Vice President Federal republic George... Bačka (Serbian: Бачка Hungarian: Bácska) is an area of the Pannonian plain lying between the rivers Danube and Tisa. ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... RAS is an acronym that could mean one of the following: // Fiction Rescue Aid Society; see The Rescuers RAS (film) - a 1973 film by Yves Boisset Linguistics Redundant Acronym Syndrome Object Management Groups Reusable Asset Specification Professions Registered Accessibility Specialist Science and technology RAS genes and RAS proteins implicated in... View of Prizren Prizren (Serbian Cyrillic Призрен; Albanian Prizreni) is an historic city located in Kosovo at 42. ... Zahumlje Travunia in the 9th century, according to [[De administrando imperio]] Greek map of Serb lands in the 9th century, according to [[De administrando imperio]] The Zahumljani (Zachlumoi) that now live there are en:Serbs, originating from the time of the prince (archont) who fled to emperor en:Heraclius [...] The... Herzegovina (natively Херцеговина/Hercegovina) is a historical region in the Dinaric Alps that composes the southern part of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Bihać is a town on the Una river in the north-western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, center of the Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... A town in Montenegro (federation of Serbia and Montenegro) 55 km west from Podgorica ... Osijek [] (Hungarian: Eszék; German: Esseg) is the fourth largest city in Croatia with a population of 114,616 in 2001. ... Baranya (Hungarian, in Croatian and Serbian: Baranja) is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in present Hungary, and also in the former Kingdom of Hungary. ... Regions of Europe Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ... A common understanding of Western Europe in modern times. ... A map of the region of Timok Timok (Cyrillic: Тимок) is a river in Serbia. ... Vranje (Врање) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 42. ... Categories: Serbia and Montenegro geography stubs | Serbia ... Coat of arms Slavonia is a geographical and historical region in eastern Croatia. ... Map of Croatia with Dalmatia highlighted Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmacija, Serbian Cyrillic: Далмација, Italian: Dalmazia) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, (mostly) in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the southeast. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Zahumlje Travunia in the 9th century, according to [[De administrando imperio]] Greek map of Serb lands in the 9th century, according to [[De administrando imperio]] The Zahumljani (Zachlumoi) that now live there are en:Serbs, originating from the time of the prince (archont) who fled to emperor en:Heraclius [...] The... Herzegovina (natively Херцеговина/Hercegovina) is a historical region in the Dinaric Alps that composes the southern part of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Lipjan is a city in central Kosovo. ... Dioclea is also the Latin name of a medieval Serbian state, see: Duklja. ... A hum is a sound with a particular timbre (or sound quality), usually a monotone or with slightly varying tones, often produced by machinery in operation or by insects in flight. ... This article is about the god Veles, for the city in Macedonia see Veles, Macedonia Veles (Volos, Weles, Voloh) is a Slavic god, thought to be the deity of: cattle, commerce, music, the underworld. ... Ohrid (in Macedonian: Охрид, see also different names) is a city on the eastern shore of Lake Ohrid in western Republic of Macedonia. ... Kumanovo (Macedonian: Куманово) is the second largest municipality city in the Republic of Macedonia after the capital Skopje and third largest town in the country. ... Bitola in Winter (January 2006) Bitola (Macedonian: Битола) is the second largest city in the Republic of Macedonia after the capital Skopje and third largest municipality after Kumanovo. ...

Architecture of Churches

wooden church in Drven Grad

Image File history File links ChurchDrven. ... Image File history File links ChurchDrven. ...

Wooden Church

The original style of Serbian Orthodox Church was the church built out of wood. This church built in Drven Grad, which means "Wood City", is a classic example of a wooden church. As the church is made purely of wood. This churches were typically found in poorer villages where it was too expensive to build a church out of stone. A tree trunk as found at the Veluwe, The Netherlands Wood derives from woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs. ... Church in Villach, Austria. ... A village is a human settlement commonly found in rural areas. ...

Serbo-Byzantine Style

This is the typical style of churches built. This style of church architecture was developed in the late 13th Century combining Byzantine and Raskan influences to form a new church style. (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: ), is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

By the end of 13th and in the first half of 14th century the Serbian state enlarged over Macedonia, Epirus and Thessaly up to the Aegean Sea. On these new territories Serbian art was even more influenced by the Byzantine art tradition. This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia      â€“ Kosovo (UN administration)      â€“ Vojvodina   â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian1 Capital Belgrade Area – Total – % water 88,361 km² n/a Population – Total (2002) (not including data for Kosovo and Metohia Province) – Density 7. ... Epirus (Greek Ήπειρος, Ípiros) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in south-eastern Europe. ... Map showing Thessaly periphery in Greece Thessaly (Θεσσαλια; modern Greek Thessalía; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is one of the 13 peripheries of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 prefectures. ... The Aegean Sea. ... The most famous of the surviving Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople - the image of Christ on the walls of the upper southern gallery. ...

Cathedral of St. Mark in Belgrade is built in Serbo-Byzantine style

Gracanica, which was entirely rebuilt by King Milutin in 1321, is the most beautiful monument of Serbian architecture from the 14th century. The church of this monastery is an example of a construction that achieved the highest degree of architecture not only in the Byzantine form but in the creation of an original and freestyle exceeding its models. The wall creation in steps is one of the basic characteristics of this temple. The KING'S CHURCH in Studenica, Image File history File links St-mark. ... Image File history File links St-mark. ... . Gračanica is a town in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...

Church of King Peter in Belgrade

characterized as an ideal church, was built in the first decades of the 14th century. Image File history File links Kralja-Petra-exterior. ... Image File history File links Kralja-Petra-exterior. ...

By the end of the third decade of the 14th century the Pec Patriarchate had finally been shaped. The exterior of the Patriarchate is a vision of shapes characteristic of contemporary Serbian architecture. On the major part of the outer walls paint decoration was used instead of stone relief and brick and stone decoration.

A typical Serbo-Byzantine church has a rectangular foundation, with a major dome in the center with smaller domes around the center one. The inside of the church is covered with frescos that illustrate various biblical stories and portrays Serbian saints. St Peters Basilica (topped with a lantern), Rome A dome is a common structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. ... General definition of saint In general, the term Saint refers to someone who is exceptionally virtuous and holy. ...

Western Influences

During the 17th Century many of the Serbian Orthodox Churches that were built in Belgrade took all the characteristics of German baroque protestant (Lutheran) churches built in the Austrian occupied regions where Serbs lived. The churches usually had a two-storied bell tower, and a single naved building with the iconostasis inside the church covered with Renaissance-style paintings instead of the typical Orthodox frescos. These churches can be found in Belgrade, which was occupied by the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the 17th to the 20th century. For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens: dynamic figures spiral down around a void: draperies blow: a whirl of movement lit in a shaft of light, rendered in a free bravura handling of paint. ... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... In the traditional view, the Renaissance is understood as an historical age that was preceded by the Middle Ages and followed by the Reformation. ... A XIV Century fresco featuring Saint Sebastian Note: Fresco is the NATO reporting name of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17. ... For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... Official languages Latin, German, Hungarian Established church Roman Catholic Capital & Largest City Vienna pop. ...

Icons

Iconostasis of the King Peter Church

Icons are replete with symbolism meant to convey far more meaning than simply the identity of the person depicted, and it is for this reason that Orthodox iconography has become an exacting science of copying older icons rather than an opportunity for artistic expression. The Orthodox believe that the first icons of Christ and the Virgin Mary were painted by Luke the Evangelist. Orthodox regard their depiction of Christ as accurate, with Christ having brown semi-curly hair, brown eyes, and Semitic features (the Virgin Mary being similar). The personal, idiosyncratic and creative traditions of Western European religious art are largely lacking in Orthodox iconography before the 17th century, when Russian icon painting was strongly influenced by religious paintings and engravings from both Protestant and Catholic Europe. Greek icon painting also began to take on a strong romantic western influence for a period and the difference between some Orthodox icons and western religious art began to vanish. More recently there has been a strong trend of returning to the more traditional and symbolic representations. Image File history File links Kralja-Petra-altar. ... Image File history File links Kralja-Petra-altar. ...

Icons are not considered by the Orthodox to be "graven images" or idols, and prohibitions against three-dimensional statuary are still in place. Biblical prohibitions against material depictions have been altered by Christ (as God) taking on material form. Also, it is not the wood or paint that are venerated but rather the individual shown.

Interior of the Church of St. George in Uzice, Serbia

Large icons can be found adorning the walls of churches and often cover the inside structure completely. Orthodox homes often likewise have icons hanging on the wall, usually together on an eastern facing wall, and in a central location where the family can pray together. Image File history File links StGeorgeinterior. ... Image File history File links StGeorgeinterior. ...

Our Lady of St Theodore (10th century), the protectress of Kostroma, following the same Byzantine "Tender Mercy" typeIcons are often illuminated with a candle or oil lamp. (Beeswax for candles and olive oil for lamps are preferred because they are natural and burn cleanly.) Besides the practical purpose of making icons visible in an otherwise dark church, both candles and oil lamps symbolize the Light of the World which is Christ.

Tales of miraculous icons that moved, spoke, cried, bled, or gushed fragrant myrrh are not uncommon, though it has always been considered that the message of such an event was for the immediate faithful involved and therefore does not usually attract crowds. Some miraculous icons whose reputations span long periods of time nevertheless become objects of pilgrimage along with the places where they are kept.

See also

List of Serb Orthodox monasteries This is a list of Serb Orthodox monasteries. ...

Autocephalous Orthodox Churches

• Ecumenical Patriarchate
• Patriarchate of Alexandria
• Patriarchate of Antioch
• Patriarchate of Jerusalem
• Russian Orthodox Church
• Serbian Orthodox Church
• Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church
• Romanian Orthodox Church
• Bulgarian Orthodox Church
• Orthodox Church of Cyprus
• Church of Greece
• Polish Orthodox Church
• Albanian Orthodox Church
• Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church
• Orthodox Church in America (autocephaly not universally recognized)

The Orthodox Church of Constantinople is one of the fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches. ... The Orthodox Church of Alexandria is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ... The Antiochian Orthodox Church is one of the five churches that comprised the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church before the Great Schism, and today is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ... The Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, properly called the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, is regarded by Orthodox Christians as the mother church of all of Christendom, because it was in Jerusalem that the Church was established on the day of Pentecost with the descent of the Holy Spirit on the... The Russian Orthodox Church (also known as the Orthodox Catholic Church of Russia) (Русская Православная церковь) is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... The Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Saqartvelos Samotsiqulo Avtokepaluri Martlmadidebeli Eklesia in Georgian language) is one of the worlds most ancient Christian Churches, founded in the 1st century by the Apostle Andrew. ... The Romanian Orthodox Church (Biserica Ortodoxă Română in Romanian) is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches. ... The Bulgarian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6. ... The ancient Cypriot Orthodox Church is one of the sixteen independent (autocephalous) Eastern Orthodox churches, which are in communion and in doctrinal agreement with one another but not all subject to one patriarch. ... The Church of Greece is one of the fourteen or fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches which make up the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... Orthodox church in Hajnówka The Autocephalous Church of Poland, commonly known as the Polish Orthodox Church, is one of the independent Orthodox churches. ... The Albanian Orthodox Church has had a difficult time reestablishing its life after the enforced atheism imposed in communist-ruled Albania in 1967. ... The Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church (Czechoslovak Orthodox Church up to 1993) traces its roots to the Church of the Czech Brethren of the 1920s. ... The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, led by Metropolitan Herman. ...

References

• Diocese of Raška and Prizren (Kosovo)
• Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia: An Encyclopedia, John B. Allcock et al, 1998
• Encyclopædia Britannica, 2005
• Serbia Info
• Churches of Serbia

External links

• Official website (in Serbian and English)
• Office of the External Affairs of the SOC in the US and Canada
• List of Serb Orthodox shrines abroad
• www.svetosavlje.org "Saint Savahood" (in Serbian)
  • List of eparchies
  • List of saints
  • List of church leaders

Dioceses

• Metropolitanate of Dabar-Bosnia
• Metropolitanate of Montenegro and Littoral
• Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana
• Diocese of Backa
• Diocese of Banja Luka
• Diocese of Bihac and Petrovac
• Diocese of Branicevo
• Diocese of Budimlje and Niksic
• Diocese of Canada
• Diocese of Central Europe (in German and Serbian)
• Diocese of Dalmatia
• Diocese of Eastern America
• Diocese of Nis
• Diocese of Raška and Prizren (Kosovo)
• Diocese of Srem
• Diocese of Sumadija
• Diocese of Temisvar
• Diocese of Timok
• Diocese of Western America
• Diocese of Western Europe
• THE ORTHODOX ARCHDIOCESE OF OCHRID

This article is part of the series on Eastern Christianity — Also see the Eastern Christianity Portal