Sergei Sergeievich Korsakoff (Russian: Сергей Сергеевич Корсаков; January 22, 1854, Vladimir- May 1, 1900, Moscow) was a Russian neuropsychiatrist. January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Population 315,954 (2002) Time zone Moscow (MSK/MSD), UTC +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD) Latitude/Longitude 56°09´N 40°25´E Vladimir (Russian: ) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Vladimir Oblast. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Neuropsychiatry is the branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders attributable to diseases of the nervous system. ...

Sergei Korsakoff was the first of great Russian neuropsychiatrist. He studied medicine at the University of Moscow, graduated in 1875 and subsequently became physician to "Preobrazhenski" mental hospital. From 1876 to 1879 he gained postgraduated experience in the clinic for nervous diseases under Aleksey Kozhevnikov. His thesis "Alcoholic Paralysis" won him the medical doctorate in 1887. In 1892 he was appointed professor extraordinarius at a new university psychiatric clinic. During this time he visited Vienna where he was a pupil of Theodor Meynert. He was ordinarius of neurology and psychiatry from 1899 until his death the next year. This article is about the field of medical practice and health care. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Psychiatry is a medical speciality whose primary goal is to improve peoples mental well-being. ... Vienna (German: Wien ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Neurology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system. ... Psychiatry is a medical speciality whose primary goal is to improve peoples mental well-being. ... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Korsakoff was one of the greatest neuropsychiatrist of the 19th century and published numerous works in neuropathology, psychiatry, and forensic medicine. Apart from his studies on alcoholic psychosis he introduced the concept of paranoia and wrote an excellent textbook on psychiatry. Korsakoff studied the effects of alcoholism on the nervous system and drew attention to several cases of alcoholic polyneuropathy with distinctive mental symptoms. An able organiser, he was instrumental in founding the Moscow Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists. The "Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imenia Korsacov" (Korsakoff's Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry) was named after him. Neuropathology is the study of diseases of the nervous system, and is a medical subspecialty within the specialty of anatomical pathology, itself a division within pathology in many English speaking countries. ... Psychiatry is a medical speciality whose primary goal is to improve peoples mental well-being. ... Forensics or forensic science is the application of science to questions which are of interest to the legal system. ... In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom of an alkyl or substituted alkyl group. ... Psychosis is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state in which thought and perception are severely impaired. ... For other senses of this word, see paranoia (disambiguation). ... Alcoholism is the consumption of, or preoccupation with, alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the drinkers normal personal, family, social, or work life, and may lead to physical or mental harm. ... The nervous system of an animal coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and also stops input from the senses, and initiates actions. ... Polyneuropathy is a neurological disorder that occurs when many peripheral nerves throughout the body malfunction simultaneously. ... The term symptom (from the Greek syn = con/plus and pipto = fall, together meaning co-exist) has two similar meanings in the context of physical and mental health: Strictly, a symptom is a sensation or change in health function experienced by a patient. ...

Associated eponyms

• Korsakoff's psychosis and syndrome: Amnestic-confabulatory syndrome with three salient features (1) severe memory defect, especially for recent events (2) confabulation, i.e. falsification of memory in an alert, responsive individual and (3) polyneuropathy (psychosis polyneuritica), usually associated with alcoholism and malnutrition.
• Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome or Polioencephalitis hemorrhagica superior associated with Korsakoff's psychosis: A condition characterized by nystagmus, ocular and conjugate gaze palsies, ataxia and psychosis due to nutritional deficiency, more specifically of thiamine and observed mainly though not exclusively in alcoholics.

Korsakoffs syndrome (a. ... Memory is the ability of an organism to store, retain, and subsequently recall information. ... Confabulation is the confusion of imagination as memory, and true memories as false ones. ... Polyneuropathy is a neurological disorder that occurs when many peripheral nerves throughout the body malfunction simultaneously. ... Alcoholism is the consumption of, or preoccupation with, alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the drinkers normal personal, family, social, or work life, and may lead to physical or mental harm. ... Malnutrition is a general term for the medical condition caused by an improper or insufficient (undernourished) diet. ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a combination of Korsakoffs syndrome, which is characterized by confusion, severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia and confabulation; and Wernickes encephalopathy, which is characterized by nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, coma and, if untreated, death. ... Nystagmus is rapid involuntary rhythmic eye movement, with the eyes moving quickly in one direction (quick phase), and then slowly in the other (slow phase). ... Ataxia (from Greek ataxiā, meaning failure to put in order) is unsteady and clumsy motion of the limbs or trunk due to a failure of the gross coordination of muscle movements. ... Psychosis is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state in which thought and perception are severely impaired. ... Thiamine mononitrate Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. ...

Bibliography

• Barry G. Firkin and J.A. Whitworth: Dictionary of Medical Eponyms. Parthenon Publishing Group. New edition 2002