This article is about the island of Severny. See also Severny (urban settlement), Severny (volcano), and Severny District.

Severny Island (Russian: о́стров Се́верный) is the northern island of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago, lying north of Russia. It has an area of 48,904 km², making it one of the largest islands in the world.

The island was historically inhabited by the Nenets, most of whom were forcibly expelled in the 1950s when the archipelago was used for nuclear testing. Severny is now the site of a Russian Army base and has a harbour. It is also known for its numerous glaciers.