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This article is about the criminal term. For the novel, see The Sex Offender: A Novel. | | This article or section deals primarily with the United States and does not represent a worldwide view of the subject.
Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page. | | | This article does not cite any references or sources. (August 2007)
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. | A sex offender is a person who has been criminally charged and convicted of, or has pled guilty to, or pled Nolo contendere to a sex crime. A crime requiring mandatory sex offender registration can be anywhere from downloading pornographic material of persons under the age of 18 off the internet (child pornography) to rape and even non sexual offenses such as kidnapping, may require registration. The term sexual offender is a broad term, with sexual predator being used to describe a more severe physical or repeat sexual offense. Sexual offenders are also sometimes classified into levels [1], where the highest level offenders have the most aggravating crimes and thus, the most risk to the public and usually must register as a sex offender for their entire lives. Low level sexual offenders may serve only a probationary sentence and only register for 10 years as well as having less restrictions placed on them compared to higher level offenders. As a label of identity it is used in criminal psychology. Especially in the United States and the United Kingdom, the person, if convicted, is most likely required to register with the respective jurisdiction's sex offender registry, a county- or statewide database that is often public and accessible to everyone through the internet. Image File history File links Mergefrom. ...
Sex offender registration is a system in place in a number of jurisdictions designed to allow government authorities to keep track of the residence and activities of sex offenders, including those who have completed their criminal sentences. ...
Image File history File links Gnome-globe. ...
Image File history File links Question_book-3. ...
Nolo contendere, in criminal trials, in some common law jurisdictions, is a plea where the defendant neither admits nor disputes a charge, serving as an alternative to a pleading of guilty or not guilty. ...
Sex crimes are forms of human sexual behavior that are crimes. ...
Child pornography refers to pornographic material depicting children. ...
The term sexual predator is used pejoratively about a person who is seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual intercourse in a metaphorically predatory manner. ...
Criminal psychology is the study of the wills, thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals. ...
In about the last ten years or so, many jurisdictions, especially in the United States, have passed laws requiring sex offenders, especially child sex offenders, upon conviction or subsequent release from prison, to register with the police where they live. ...
United States
Georgia The State of Georgia passed the most stringent sex offender law in the country, which took effect July 1, 2006 (HB-1059). The bill stipulated that sex offenders are prohibited from living within 1,000 feet of a school, day care center, church, and anywhere where children are known to congregate, including parks, playgrounds, and bus stops. Due to the bus stop regulation, most of Georgia, including virtually all of the metropolitan areas, is a prohibited area for sex offenders. Currently there is a Temporary Restraining Order on the bus stop portion of the law, so that is not being enforced. State nickname: Peach State / Empire of the South Other U.S. States Capital Atlanta Largest city Atlanta Governor Sonny Perdue Official languages English Area 154,077 km² (24th) - Land 150,132 km² - Water 3,945 km² (2. ...
Look up Injunction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The Georgia Registry can be found here, and the Georgia General Assembly can be found here.
Their term for sexual offender is:
- A person who has been convicted of a criminal offense against a victim who is a minor or any dangerous sexual offense; or
- A person who has been convicted under the laws of another state or territory, under the laws of the United States, under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, or in a tribal court of a criminal offense against a victim who is a minor or a dangerous sexual offense.
And a sexual predator is: - A person who was designated as a sexually violent predator between July 1, 1996, and June 30, 2006; or
- A person who is determined by the Sexual Offender Registration Review Board to be at risk of perpetrating any future dangerous sexual offense.
You can read more by clicking here, then on the bottom right, click on the "Sex Offenders" link.
Litigation The Southern Center for Human Rights filed a class action lawsuit over some of HB-1059's residency and work restrictions, in the US District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. Discussion of this litigation may be found at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hb1059litigation/ The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. ...
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Kansas v. Hendricks that a predatory sex offender can be civilly committed at the end of his prison sentence. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States...
Kansas v. ...
Iowa The State of Iowa has passed some of the most stringent sex offender legislation in the United States. Under Iowa Code 692A, sex offenders shall not reside within 2,000 feet of the real property comprising a public or nonpublic elementary or secondary school or a child care facility. [1] You can also visit the Iowa General Assembly for more information. Official language(s) English Capital Des Moines Largest city Des Moines Area Ranked 26th - Total 56,272 sq mi (145,743 km²) - Width 199 miles (320 km) - Length 310 miles (500 km) - % water 0. ...
Childcare is the act of caring for and supervising minor children. ...
The Iowa registry can be found here.
Recidivism rates A study covering the American state of Arizona in an earlier time frame than the USDOJ study showed that 5.5% of convicted sex offenders eventually returned to prison with a new felony for a sex crime.[2] The study does not extend beyond the scope of the State of Arizona and is not necessarily indicative of trends in other jurisdictions. Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ...
Figures from a DOJ study on recidivism among sex offenders released in 1994, called the most comprehensive of its kind, can be found at the US Department of Justice's publication Recidivism of Sex Offenders Released from Prison in 1994 (PDF).
In 2007, the State Bureau of Investigation in North Carolina made significant changes to its sex offender registration system, including new search criteria that include an "offender status" search, enabling an explicit search for convicted sex offense recidivists in the sex offender database. Manual searches by county using the new criteria yield some of the lowest recidivist percentages ever disseminated by any law enforcement establishment. In the entire State of North Carolina, there are only 71 recidivists shown on the registry, if incarcerated offenders are included. Per-county results for "Registered" status offenders compared against "Recidivist" status offenders on the North Carolina registry yield actual convicted recidivist percentages ranging from zero to fractions of one percent. [3] Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Largest metro area Charlotte metro area Area Ranked 28th - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²) - Width 150 miles (240 km) - Length 560[1] miles (900 km) - % water 9. ...
According to the Office of Justice Programs of the United States Department of Justice:[4] The Office of Justice Programs (OJP) is the branch of the United States Department of Justice that focuses on crime prevention through research & technology development, assistance to state and local law enforcement and criminal justice agencies through grants, and assistance to crime victims. ...
The Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building in Washington, D.C. “Justice Department†redirects here. ...
Recidivism in general Source: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/crimoff.htm#recidivism
For clarification: the 272,111 persons mentioned include all criminals released—not just sex offenders.
- Of the 272,111 persons released from prisons in 15 States in 1994, an estimated 67.5% were rearrested for a felony or serious misdemeanor within 3 years, 46.9% were reconvicted, and 25.4% resentenced to prison for a new crime.
- The 272,111 offenders discharged in 1994 accounted for nearly 4,877,000 arrest charges over their recorded careers.
- Within 3 years of release, 2.5% of released rapists were rearrested for another rape, and 1.2% of those who had served time for homicide were arrested for a new homicide.
- Sex offenders were less likely than non-sex offenders to be rearrested for any offense –– 43 percent of sex offenders versus 68 percent of non-sex offenders.
- Sex offenders were about four times more likely than non-sex offenders to be arrested for another sex crime after their discharge from prison –– 5.3 percent of sex offenders versus 1.3 percent of non-sex offenders.
Sex offenders Source: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/crimoff.htm#sex - On a given day in 1994 there were approximately 234,000 offenders convicted of rape or sexual assault under the care, custody, or control of corrections agencies; nearly 60% of these sex offenders are under conditional supervision in the community.
- The median age of the victims of imprisoned sexual assaulters was less than 13 years old; the median age of rape victims was about 22 years.
- An estimated 24% of those serving time for rape and 19% of those serving time for sexual assault had been on probation or parole at the time of the offense for which they were in State prison in 1991.
- Of the 9,691 male sex offenders released from prisons in 15 States in 1994, 5.3% were rearrested for a new sex crime within 3 years of release.
- Of released sex offenders who allegedly committed another sex crime, 40% perpetrated the new offense within a year or less from their prison discharge.
Child victimizers Source: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/crimoff.htm#child - Approximately 4,300 child molesters were released from prisons in 15 States in 1994. An estimated 3.3% of these 4,300 were rearrested for another sex crime against a child within 3 years of release from prison.
- Among child molesters released from prison in 1994, 60% had been in prison for molesting a child 13 years old or younger.
- Offenders who had victimized a child were on average 5 years older than the violent offenders who had committed their crimes against adults. Nearly 25% of child victimizers were age 40 or older, but about 10% of the inmates with adult victims fell in that age range.
State specific recidivism studies Many states have released their own studies of sex offender recidivism.[5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]
Registries A sex offender registry is a system in place in a number of jurisdictions designed to allow government authorities to keep track of the residence and activities of felony sex offenders, including those who have completed their criminal sentences. In some jurisdictions (especially in the United States), information in the registry is made available to the general public via a website or other means. In many jurisdictions registered sex offenders are subject to additional restrictions, including housing. Those on parole or probation may be subject to restrictions that don't apply to other parolees or probationers.[27] In about the last ten years or so, many jurisdictions, especially in the United States, have passed laws requiring sex offenders, especially child sex offenders, upon conviction or subsequent release from prison, to register with the police where they live. ...
See also Adam Walsh (November 14, 1974-July 27, 1981), the son of John Walsh, a partner in a successful hotel management company, was abducted from a Sears department store in Hollywood, Florida on July 27, 1981 at the age of six. ...
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act (Pub. ...
Mug shot of Alfonso Rodriguez, Jr Alfonso Rodriguez, Jr (born February 18, 1953) is a registered level 3 sex offender in Minnesota who was found guilty of the rape and murder of University of North Dakota student Dru Sjodin. ...
For the professional wrestling tag team, see Americas Most Wanted (professional wrestling). ...
An ankle monitor is a device that individuals under house arrest are often required to wear. ...
Child sexual abuse is an umbrella term describing criminal and civil offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification. ...
Dru Sjodin Dru Kathrina Sjodin (September 26, 1981 - November 22, 2003), a student of the University of North Dakota (UND), was a victim of kidnapping, sexual assault, and murder. ...
An Ephebe Kisses A Man Tondo from an Attic kylix, 5th c. ...
An exhibitionist exposing himself at a soccer game. ...
This article is about a specific paraphilia. ...
Incest is defined as sexual intercourse between closely related persons. ...
Jacob Wetterling (born February 17, 1978) was abducted at age 11 in St. ...
The Jacob Wetterling Crimes Against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act (the Wetterling Act) is a United States law that requires states to implement a sex offender and crimes against children registry. ...
Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer (May 21, 1960 – November 28, 1994) was an American serial killer. ...
Jesse Timmendequas (born April 15, 1961) was, on May 30, 1997, convicted of murdering his neighbor, seven-year-old Megan Kanka, in 1994. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jessicas Law. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Jessicas Law. ...
It has been suggested that Jessica Lunsford Act be merged into this article or section. ...
John Evander Couey John Evander Couey (born September 19, 1958), is a convicted murderer from Florida, USA who kidnapped, raped, and murdered nine-year old Jessica Lunsford in February 2005. ...
For other persons named John Walsh, see John Walsh (disambiguation). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jesse Timmendequas. ...
The Megan Nicole Kanka Foundation is a non-profit charity founded by the family of Megan Kanka with the intent of preventing crimes against children. ...
Megans Law is a U. S. term, used to denote the state law that requires law enforcement authorities to notify the public, through various forms of media, of sex offenders that move into the community. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Jessica Lunsford. ...
The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children was established in 1984 as a private, non-profit organization, but seems more like a department of Justice program, based on the $30-million funding each year. ...
Ottis Toole Ottis Elwood Toole (March 5, 1947 – September 15, 1996) (sometimes spelled Otis) was an American criminal. ...
Look up paraphilia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Patty Wetterling in 2006 Patty Wetterling (born November 2, 1949) is a U.S. advocate of childrens safety, particularly focused on protecting children from abduction and abuse. ...
Pedophilia or paedophilia (see spelling differences) is the primary or exclusive sexual attraction by adults to prepubescent youths. ...
The penile plethysmograph (PPG) is a controversial type of plethysmograph that measures changes in blood flow in the penis in response to audio and/or visual stimuli. ...
Screenshot of the Perverted Justice website [1] Perverted-Justice. ...
Polly Hannah Klaas Polly Hannah Klaas (January 3, 1981 - October-November 1993) was a kidnap and murder victim whose case gained national attention in the United States. ...
The Polly Klaas Foundation is a nonprofit organization devoted to preventing crimes against children, assisting in the recovery of missing children, and lobbying for legislative assistance. ...
This article is about recidivism in criminology and penology. ...
Richard Allen Davis at San Quentin State Prison Richard Allen Davis, born June 2, 1954, is a convicted murderer whose criminal record resulted in Californias Three strikes law for repeat offenders. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Sex offender registration is a system in place in a number of jurisdictions designed to allow government authorities to keep track of the residence and activities of sex offenders, including those who have completed their criminal sentences. ...
In about the last ten years or so, many jurisdictions, especially in the United States, have passed laws requiring sex offenders, especially child sex offenders, upon conviction or subsequent release from prison, to register with the police where they live. ...
The term sexual predator is used pejoratively about a person who is seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual intercourse in a metaphorically predatory manner. ...
To Catch A Predator title card To Catch a Predator is a series of hidden camera investigations by the television newsmagazine Dateline NBC devoted to the subject of identifying and detaining potential child sexual abusers who contact children (or what they believe to be children) over the Internet. ...
The United States National Sex Offenders Public Registry is a cooperative effort between US state agencies that host public sex offender registries and the US federal government. ...
“Voyeur†redirects here. ...
External links Image File history File links Broom_icon. ...
Informational
Online Safety
Organizations
Other Related Laws - Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act
- Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998
- Children's Safety Act of 2005
- Keeping the Internet Devoid of Sexual-Predators Act of 2007 | PDF
- Safe NOW Act of 2007 (HR-291) | PDF
- Stop the Online Exploitation of Our Children Act
- The 1994 Jacob Wetterling Act
- Jessica Lunsford Act
References - ^ Iowa Code 692A
- ^ Arizona Department of Corrections, Sex Offender Recidivism, statistics from the 1990s, retrieved May 4, 2007
- ^ North Carolina Sex Offender and Public Protection Registry, searches performed as of May 6, 2007
- ^ U.S. Department of Justice Criminal Offenders Statistics: Recidivism, statistical information from the late 1990s and very early 2000s, retrieved May 4, 2007
- ^ Recidivism study: Alaska - (2007)
- ^ Recidivism study: Arizona - (1988 - 1998)
- ^ Recidivism study: Arkansas
- ^ Recidivism study: California - (2005 - 2006)
- ^ Recidivism study: Colorado - (2004) Part 1, Part 2 Appendices, 50 state survey conducted by the Colorado Department of Corrections
- ^ Recidivism study: Delaware (2007)
- ^ Recidivism study: Illinois (2002)
- ^ Recidivism study: Iowa - (2000 - Page 10)
- ^ Recidivism study: Kentucky (2006)
- ^ Recidivism study: Michigan - (2000 - Page 184)
- ^ Recidivism study: Minnesota - (2007)
- ^ Recidivism study: Missouri - (2006)
- ^ Recidivism study: New York (1986) - (2001) - (2007)
- ^ Recidivism study: Ohio - (2006)
- ^ Recidivism study: Oregon - (Page 7)
- ^ Recidivism study: Pennsylvania - (2005)
- ^ Recidivism study: Tennessee - (2007)
- ^ Recidivism study: Texas - (2005)
- ^ Recidivism study: Vermont - (2003)
- ^ Recidivism study: Virginia - (2001)
- ^ Recidivism study: Washington - (2001 - Page 2), Study is invalid, explanation here
- ^ Recidivism study: Wyoming - (2005 - Page 2)
- ^ Sex Offender Registry Review 2007
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