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This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality.
See How to Edit and Style and How-to for help, or this article's talk page. - This article is primarily about religious attitudes to sexual morality. For an overview of cultural attitudes to sex, see Sexual norm.
Sexual morality refers to the beliefs and practices by which a culture, group, faith, etc. regulates their members' behaviour in matter of sexual activities. A sexual norm can be an individual norm or a social norm. ...
Sexual behavior is a form of physical intimacy that may be directed to reproduction (one possible goal of sexual intercourse) and/or to the enjoyment of activity involving sexual gratification. ...
Opinions on the morality of homosexuality vary strongly among different cultures, time periods, and belief systems. In recent decades, many societies where homosexuality was a crime have repealed those laws on the basis of civil rights, privacy rights, and new scientific advances. The increasing social acceptance of homosexuality has been attributed to a range of diverse causes: the sexual revolution, the gay rights movement, a growing social distinction between homosexuality and pedophilia, new scientific research on the causes of sexual orientation, and the greater separation of church and state compared to earlier times such as the Middle Ages, when many of the laws making homosexuality a crime were enacted. Morality in the strictest sense of the word, deals with that which is universally regarded as right or wrong. ...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
Look up Culture in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Wikinews has news related to this article: Culture and entertainment Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Cultural Development in Antiquity Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Culture and Civilization in Modern Times Classificatory system for cultures and civilizations, by Dr. Sam Vaknin...
Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ...
// What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ...
The sexual revolution was a substantial change in sexual morality and sexual behaviour throughout the West in the late 1960s and early 1970s. ...
The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also...
Pedophilia (American English), pædophilia/paedophilia (Commonwealth English), or pedosexuality is the condition of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to prepubescent children. ...
Sexual orientation is the sex or gender of people who are the focus of a persons amorous or erotic desires, fantasies, and spontaneous feelings, the gender(s) one is primarily oriented towards. ...
The separation of church and state is a concept and philosophy in modern thought and practice, whereby the structures of state or national government are proposed as needing to be separate from those of religious institutions. ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
Reactions to homosexuality
Lesbians and gay men have been murdered, subjected to gross human rights violations, or otherwise persecuted under various jurisdictions, most notably by the Nazi regime (see History of Gays during the Holocaust). Persecution of lesbians and gay men is also common in conservative Islamic nations such as Saudi Arabia, where gay men have reportedly been beheaded, or forced into therapy. The Taliban regime in Afghanistan reportedly murdered lesbians and gay men by burying them alive. Prior to the repeal of laws regarding lesbians and gay men as criminals, persecution was common in many Western countries, such as the United Kingdom and the USA. Lesbians and gay men were frequently imprisoned and/or forced to undergo barbaric treatments such as chemical castration, forced sex changes and electroconvulsive therapy. The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ...
Prior to the Third Reich, Berlin was considered a liberal city, with many gay bars, nightclubs and cabarets. ...
Islam ( Arabic al-islām الإسلام, listen?) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ...
The Taliban (Pashtun and Persian: طالبان; students), also transliterated as Taleban, is an Islamist and Pashtun nationalist movement which ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001, despite having diplomatic recognition from only three countries: the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. ...
Chemical castration is a form of castration caused by certain hormonal drugs. ...
Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) includes the surgical procedures by which a persons physical appearance and function of their existing sexual characteristics are changed to that of the other sex. ...
Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as electroshock or ECT, is a controversial type of psychiatric shock therapy involving the induction of an artificial seizure in a patient by passing electricity through the brain. ...
Expression of the view that homosexuality is immoral can also be found in the form of verbal discrimination against lesbians and gay men in hate speech which is aimed at inciting physical violence (""). Specifically, some translations of the Old Testament have been used to argue that gay men should be punished with death, and AIDS has been portrayed by some such as Rev. Fred Phelps as a punishment by God against gay men and lesbians. However, as of 2005 according to the United Nations more heterosexuals are contracting AIDS compared to lesbians and gay men on a global scale. Hate speech is a controversial term for speech intended to degrade, intimidate, or incite violence or prejudicial action against someone based on their race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, or disability. ...
The Red Ribbon symbol is used internationally to represent the fight against AIDS. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, rarely written Aids) is widley considered to be the most severe manifestation of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. The rate of clinical disease progression varies enormously...
Fred Phelps, c. ...
The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945 and now made up of 191 states. ...
The Red Ribbon symbol is used internationally to represent the fight against AIDS. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, rarely written Aids) is widley considered to be the most severe manifestation of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. The rate of clinical disease progression varies enormously...
View that homosexuality is moral, morally acceptable, or is not an issue of morality The view that homosexuality is moral, morally acceptable, or that morality does not apply come from religious groups, human rights groups, political groups, some governments, medical organizations, and gay rights groups. Predominantly, political support for this view comes from gay rights organizations that lobby governments across the world for better treatment of lesbians and gay men and equality. Entities such as GLAAD (USA), Stonewall and OutRage! (United Kingdom), Reform Judaism, certain segments of the Anglican Church, the European Union, Amnesty International, American Academy of Pediatrics, etc. The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also...
Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation or GLAAD is an organization intended to promote and ensure fair, accurate and inclusive representation of people and events in the media as a means of eliminating homophobia and discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation. ...
See also: Other Stonewalls Stonewall is a high profile gay rights organisation in the United Kingdom. ...
OutRage! is a direct action group in the United Kingdom which fights for the rights of lesbian, gay and bisexual people. ...
Reform Judaism is the first modern branch of Judaism; it developed in Germany and is now international, and the largest in North America. ...
The Anglican Communion is a world-wide organisation of Anglican Churches. ...
Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization with the stated purpose of promoting all the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international standards. ...
The American Academy of Pediatrics or the AAP is committed to the well being of children. ...
Generally, these groups believe that relationships that occur safely between consenting adults cannot be immoral, and/or it is immoral to create laws that criminalize lesbians and gay men involved in relationships. They maintain that homosexuality is normal, pointing to the contributions that gay men and lesbians have made throughout history and continue to make in modern society. They also assert that every population will always contain a minority group of gay men and lesbians, and that homosexuality is a natural sexual orientation for them. Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
Natural is defined as of or relating to nature; this applies to both definitions of nature: essence (ones true nature) and the untouched world (force of nature). The natural sciences such as physics, chemistry etc. ...
Sexual orientation is the sex or gender of people who are the focus of a persons amorous or erotic desires, fantasies, and spontaneous feelings, the gender(s) one is primarily oriented towards. ...
There also exist groups and denominations whose interpretation of scripture and doctrine states that homosexuality is morally acceptable, and a natural occurrence. Some conclude that there can be no scriptural prohibition against homosexuality as it is presently understood, namely as the outworking of an orientation. Others consider that scriptural prohibitions only relate to pederasty, which was a mode of same-sex practice in ancient times. Others consider that scripture has a thoroughgoing patriarchal bias, which expresses itself in a disapproval of all gender-transgressive sexual practices; present-day readings must account for this. Proponents of liberation theology may consider that the liberation of gay and lesbian peoples from stigmatisation and oppression is a Kingdom imperative. Similarly, the inclusion of the "unclean" Gentiles in the early Church is sometimes said to be a model for the inclusion of other peoples called "unclean" today.
Others consider that Jesus Christ made the commandments to "love God and one's neighbour," and to "love one's neigbour as oneself" touchstones of the moral law; that these imply a radical equality, and that by the principle of equality the Law of Moses is to be adjusted. Jesus exemplified this principle in his teaching on divorce. Furhermore, it is said that Jesus Christ instituted a virtue ethic, whereby the worth of one's action is to be adjudged by one's interior disposition. For these reasons, it is said that to condemn homosexuality is to fall into a pre-Christian "Pharasaical" legalism.
People adopting one of the foregoing positions would hold that morality which applies to heterosexuals should similarly apply to gay men and lesbians, i.e. sex is acceptable within a monogamous relationship or a same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...
Others seek a naturalistic justification for the view that homosexual behavior is moral or that morality does not apply, pointing to evidence of the existence of such behavior in the animal kingdom. Therefore it is said to be natural, perhaps even integral to a species' survival.
Controversy over parallels with other civil rights movements Many gay right advocates draw parallels between homophobia and racism and sexism, saying just as Western society concluded that racism and sexism were immoral, it will eventually come to the same conclusion about discrimination based on sexual orientation. This is a sort of general argument against anti-homosexuality opinion - the ideas is that it doesn't matter how correct "homophobes" think they are in their views or what their justifications are. Just as people were thoroughly convinced in the correctness of white racial or male sexual superiority and later realized they were wrong, the situation is the same with regard to attitudes about sexual orientation (because discrimination is discrimination, no matter what the particular dividing line is). Homophobia, from Greek όμοιος (homos), same and φόβος (fobos), fear, literally means fear of the same. In this instance the term homo is a reference to homosexuals. ...
A Black person drinks out of a water fountain designated for black people in 1939 at a streetcar terminal. ...
Sexism is commonly considered to be discrimination against people based on their sex rather than their individual merits, but can also refer to any and all differentiations based on sex. ...
Many supporters of racial equality, including prominent socially conservative Black Christian leaders, find comparisons between racial equality and gay rights to be offensive. They believe that the former is a question of judgement based on an unchanging, irrelevant aspect of identity, whereas the homosexuality is a behavior, and thus entails moral accountability.
This raises the question of whether or not a homosexual orientation is changeable, and if not, whether or not same-sex behavior should necessarily be allowed to result from it, which is discussed in the next section.
Genetic determination, choice, and change Some view that sexual orientation is not a matter of choice, but rather genetically or otherwise inherently determined. They reason that if an individual's attraction to members of the same sex is the result of heredity as is skin color and the shape of facial features, then it should not be a moral concern at all. They further argue that lesbians and gay men should enjoy the same rights as heterosexuals, just as blacks have come to be regarded as being entitled to the same rights as whites. Most believe that sexual orientation is defined by a variety of factors, including genetic, and that you cannot change it. For the scientific journal Heredity see Heredity (journal) Heredity (the adjective is hereditary) is the transfer of characters from parent to offspring, either through their genes or through the social institution called inheritance (for example, a title of nobility is passed from individual to individual according to relevant customs and...
Heterosexuality refers to a set of genetic, chemical and behavioral conditions which lead to an overall attraction to members of the opposite sex in an erotic manner. ...
Those who believe that homosexuality is immoral either deny that sexual orientation is genetically determined, or state that not everything genetically determined is consequently healthy or moral.
Attempts to change sexual orientation in a scientific environment have failed, and while the question of whether homosexuality is genetically predetermined or formed later is not settled, it is acknowledged by most scientists now that there are no simple conditions that can be met to make a child gay, and that sexual orientation can not be reverted.
The belief that children could be made gay was propagated by opponents of homosexuality and developed into a general fear that lesbians and gay men would "seduce" or "recruit" children. Anti-gay crusader Anita Bryant started an organization called Save our Children which used the anti-gay slogan "Homosexuals cannot reproduce -- so they must recruit." Her claim that one can change their sexual orientation is in contrasts to many medical and scientific communities which see sexual orientation unchangeable. Some groups have likened such language to that seen targeting Jews in earlier ages with false accusations of drinking the blood of Christian children. Anita Bryant (born March 25, 1940) is an American singer who made a series of television commercials for Florida orange juice. ...
Anti-gay slogans are catchphrases or slogans which express opposition to homosexuality in ways which gay rights activists consider to be irrationally hostile or fearful (see homophobia and also anti-gay). ...
Sexual orientation is the sex or gender of people who are the focus of a persons amorous or erotic desires, fantasies, and spontaneous feelings, the gender(s) one is primarily oriented towards. ...
Attacks based on stereotypes linking homosexuality to other behaviors Historically, homosexuality has often been linked in the public mind to other sexual behaviors, such as pedophilia, and even to serial murders. Homosexuality was listed in psychological manuals as one of many sexual disorders, and many attempts were made to treat it. This perception of homosexuality as a disease can in part be explained with psychology's roots in the theories of Sigmund Freud, who believed that early childhood influences determined the later sexual orientation of a person. Researchers concluded that children could be "made gay", deliberately or involuntarily. However in modern times out of new research this claim as been debunked. And homosexuality is no longer considered a disease. Pedophilia (American English), pædophilia/paedophilia (Commonwealth English), or pedosexuality is the condition of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to prepubescent children. ...
Psychology (Classical Greek: psyche = soul or mind, logos = study of) is an academic and applied field involving the study of behaviour, mind and thought and, frequently, the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals daily lives and the treatment of mental illness. ...
Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud (May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939) was an Austrian psychiatrist and the founder of the psychoanalytic school of psychology, a movement that popularized the theory that unconscious motives control much behavior. ...
Public misconceptions linking pedophiles to gay men contributed much discrimination. Today, society recognizes lesbians and gay men as distinct from pedophilia. This was also exploited by anti-gay groups who tried to support their "recruitment" argument with statements often gleaned from "boy lovers" operating within or outside the gay community (see pedophilia and homosexuality). The recruitment argument in turn was used to argue that gay men are a danger to children. Distinction This article deals with the societal and historical connections and perceived connections between pedophilia and homosexuality. ...
While psychologists, anthropologists and criminologists in the 1960s and 1970s, such as Harold Kant, Michael Goldstein, James W. Prescott and Paul Gebhard increasingly understood sexual repression to be one of the core causes of homosexuality, supporting the argument that public repression of homosexuality would cause an increase of lesbians and gay men. Lesbians and gay men were stereotyped by anti-gay groups as perverts and criminals. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Despite a better understanding of homosexuality, the causes of sexual orientation, the general consensus within the medical and scientific communities that sexual orientation cannot be changed, and the lack of connection between homosexuality and pedophilia, some anti-gay groups continue to use moral arguments based on linking homosexuality to other behaviors to oppose the gay rights movement. The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also...
The US based group Restoring Social Virtue & Purity to America by Judith A. Reisman, for example, claims that homosexuals have deliberately subverted the mass media in order to garner support for a wide range of previously condemned sexual behaviors, including pederasty, and that their goal is to turn them children into homosexuals. Slippery slope arguments against homosexuality as a "gateway behavior" are also common. Judith A. Reisman is the president of Restoring Social Virtue & Purity to America (RSVPAmerica) that distributes material that criticises modern sexual viewpoints and sex education based on Alfred Kinseys work. ...
Pederasty, as idealized by the ancient Greeks, was a relationship and bond between an adolescent boy and an adult man outside of his immediate family. ...
In the contexts of debate or of rhetoric, the phrase slippery slope, also appearing as the thin end of the wedge or the camels nose, refers both to an argument about the likelihood of one event given another, and to a fallacy about the inevitability of one event given...
// Overview Religious views of homosexuality have varied widely. ...
The issue of homosexuality has become a highly debated topic, especially with relation to religion. ...
One of the five precepts states that one is to refrain from sexual misconduct or, more accurately, one is to refrain from indulging in sexual desire. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
Homosexuality in Confucianism is primarily frowned upon, although it is not specifically forbidden. ...
Hindu views of homosexuality are varying and diverse. ...
In traditional muslim societies it is normal for a man to be drawn to beautiful youths of either sex, but the religion of Islam admonishes the believer not to yield to temptation. ...
Homosexuality and Judaism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Throughout most of Wicca and Neopaganism, all sexual orientations are considered healthy and positive, provided that individual sexual relationships are healthy and loving. ...
The Church of Scientology is based upon the writings of author L. Ron Hubbard (1911-1986). ...
Homosexuality in Shinto has a varied past of periods of acceptance and rejection. ...
Homosexuality in Sikhism is, as in other religions, a very controversial subject. ...
Homosexuality in Taoism is, as in many other religions, a controversial issue. ...
Homosexuality in Voodoo is religiously acceptable and homosexuals are allowed to participate in all religious activities. ...
Homosexuality in Zoroastrianism is, as in many other religions, a controversial topic. ...
Introduction Many cultures and religions have rules regarding sexual behavior which they consider moral and it is said by persons in those cultures and religions that those acting outside of those rules are immoral or wrong. These rules sometimes distinguish between sexual activities that are practiced for biological reproduction (sometimes allowed only when in formal marital status and in fertile age) and other activities practiced solely (or mainly) for the pleasure of sex.
In this sense, a concept of sexual morality can be expressed in any of the possible directions, and groups exist that recommend restrictive behaviours as well as groups that recommend totally free self-determination, as well as a variety of intermediate positions.
The respective efficacy of these rules depends on the social position of the group that develops them, on its eventual political representativity, on its relationships with the laws of the related country.
Views on sexual morality have varied greatly over time and from culture to culture. Usually, they derive from religious beliefs, but some writers have pointed out that social and environmental conditions play a part in the development of a given society's views on sexual morality.
In Western pluralistic societies of the 20th and 21st Centuries, there often exists debate on not only whether there is a common morality, but on whether it is right to expect such a common view. In most Western societies, laws allowing a wide range of sexual relationships between consenting adults are the norm, although that legal range varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The debate thus often includes a sub-argument of what is legal versus what is moral.
In previous centuries and in many non-Western cultures of the 20th and 21st Centuries, there has been less room for debate. This does not mean, however, that views on sexual morality have ever been homogenous.
For example, in Hellenic society, homosexual behavior was often encouraged and accepted as part of the socialization and upbringing of young men, especially those in the military. These relationships were in addition to heterosexual relationships entered into for the establishment of families and the production of progeny so that property would be inherited and kept within a larger kinship group. The importance of the kin-group and the maintenance of its property was such that, under certain circumstances, Athenian law allowed an uncle to marry his niece in order to keep family property together. It could be therefore argued that the needs of the family constituted a higher morality that helped to define the sexual mores of the society as a whole. Greece, formally called the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία), is a country in the southeast of Europe on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula. ...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
Heterosexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by esthetic attraction, romantic love or sexual desire exclusively for members of the opposite sex or gender, contrasted with homosexuality and distinguished from bisexuality and asexuality. ...
The term mores (pronounced mor-ayz) as used in Sociology is a plural noun. ...
In Roman society, sexual morality concentrated more on the social status of those involved, and their taboos concentrated on high-status men committing any kind of sexual act that was thought of as passive or submissive. Providing that the sexual act was dominant in nature, and the man had a high social status Roman society made little distinction between the type of sexual partner and type of sexual act. Ancient Rome was a civilization that existed in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East between 753 BC and its downfall in AD 476. ...
In the modern world, opinions differ on how homosexuality should be dealt with, and there is a full spectrum of reaction exhibited - execution for sexuality alone, execution for sexual acts, imprisonment, gay bashing, hate speech, shunning, segregation (e.g. gay schools), castration, reparative therapy, ex-gay movements, prayer for change, hate crime laws, allowing gay marriage, and full equality. The persecution of gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and transgendered individuals is the practice of attacking a person, usually physically, because they are or are perceived to be lesbian, gay or transgender. ...
Hate speech is a controversial term for speech intended to degrade, intimidate, or incite violence or prejudicial action against someone based on their race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, or disability. ...
The shunning of an individual is the act of deliberately avoiding association with him or her. ...
Castration, gelding, neutering, orchiectomy or orchidectomy is any action, surgical, chemical or otherwise, by which a biological male loses use of the testes. ...
Reparative therapy, or conversion, reorientation or differentiation therapy, is any of several controversial religious or secular techniques that are aimed at changing a persons sexual orientation from homosexuality to heterosexuality (or ex-gay). ...
The ex-gay or exodus movement claims that homosexuals can become heterosexual or otherwise leave homosexuality behind through counselling, prayer, and other therapies if they choose to do so. ...
Same-sex marriage (also called gay marriage, and—less frequently—homosexual marriage) refers to marriage between partners of the same gender (for other forms of same-sex unions that are different from marriages, see the articles linked in that section). ...
On the other hand, significant segments of human society on all continents continue to strongly oppose homosexuality, either as a sin, a crime or an illness. These objections are often from a religious perspective, and call for punitive consequences for homosexual behavior ranging from social censure and counselling to so-called reparative therapy and even death in certain theocratic societies such as Iran and Saudi Arabia. At the same time, within the past hundred years, societies which had been historically open to love and sexuality between males have been influenced by the west and have become antagonistic towards same-sex love. This development can be seen in many African societies, India, China, Japan, and Papua New Guinea. Sin has been a term most usually used in a religious context, and today describes any lack of conformity to the will of God; especially, any willful disregard for the norms revealed by God is a sin. ...
Illness can be a synonym for disease or it can be a persons perception of having poor health. ...
Psychotherapy is a set of techniques believed to cure or to help solve behavioral and other psychological problems in humans. ...
Reparative therapy, or conversion, reorientation or differentiation therapy, is any of several controversial religious or secular techniques that are aimed at changing a persons sexual orientation from homosexuality to heterosexuality (or ex-gay). ...
The term theocracy is used to describe a form of government in which a religion or faith plays a dominant role. ...
The West can refer to : The U.S. West or the American West The Western world, or Western Civilization. ...
World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ...
Another example is the contrast between traditional European and traditional Asian or African views of permitted familial relationships. British law and custom, for example, frequently forbade intermarriage between those related by marriage. However, in rural regions of India, Nepal, and surrounding nations, fraternal polyandry, in which two (or more) brothers marry the same woman, is culturally accepted. Likewise, European mores generally advocate monogamy strongly. Polygyny is widely practiced by many societies throughout Asia and Africa, and polyandry is the accepted norm in a few Indian and African societies. In social anthropology and sociobiology, polyandry (Greek: poly many, andras man) means a female forming a stable sexual union with more than one male. ...
In monogamy (Greek: monos = single/only and gamos = marriage) a person has only one spouse at a time (as opposed to polygamy). ...
The term polygyny (neo-Greek: poly+gyne woman) is used in related ways in social anthropology and sociobiology. ...
In social anthropology and sociobiology, polyandry (Greek: poly many, andras man) means a female forming a stable sexual union with more than one male. ...
Spreading sexual morality to non-adherents Many cultures attempt to codify their prescriptions concerning individual sexual behaviours. Such codifications are frequently enacted as laws, extending their application beyond the culture to other cultures under the purview of the laws, including dissenters.
Most of the Islamic world has strict rules enforced with sometimes violent punishments to enforce their views on morality, including sexual morality on their citizens, and often attempt to impose it on non-Muslims living within their societies. The same was true of various European Christian kingdoms at some stages in history, and many contemporary Christians support restrictions on the private expression of sexuality, ranging from relatively uncontroversial prohibitions of prostitution to rather controversial restrictions on oral sex and sodomy. Haredi Jews in Israel use various verbal and print media (newspapers, books, radio shows, websites, etc.) to try to encourage other Jews to follow the Jewish laws of sexuality. Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ...
Haredi Judaism, or Charedi Judaism, also called ultra-Orthodox Judaism, is the most theologically conservative form of Orthodox Judaism. ...
Halakha (Hebrew: הלכה; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish rabbinic law, custom and tradition. ...
Jewish views of sex and morality In A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice, Conservative Rabbi Isaac Klein writes a summation of Jewish views towards sex. "Modern man is heir to two conflicting traditions neither of which is Jewish: On the one hand, the rebirth of the old paganism which found its extreme expression in the sacred prostitutes of Canaan...and on the other hand, the Christian reaction to the excesses of paganism...sex became identified with original sin, and celibacy was regarded as the ideal form of life. Modern man, while opting for pagan libertinism, also suffers a guilty conscience because of his Christian heritage....Judaism is free of both extremes. It rejects the espousal of uncontrolled sexual expression that paganism preaches, and also Christianity's claim that all sexual activity is inherently evil. Jewish marriage is based on a healthy sexual viewpoint that rejects the two extremist principles, and so are the regulations governing the conjugal relations between husband and wife, taharat hamishpacha, the purity of family life." Judaism is the religious culture of the Jewish people. ...
Conservative Judaism (or Masorti Judaism) is a denomination of Judaism characterized by: A positive attitude toward modern culture The belief that traditional rabbinic modes of study, and modern scholarship and critical text study, are both valid ways to learn about and from Jewish religious texts. ...
Rabbi (Classical Hebrew רִבִּי ribbī; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli רַבִּי rabbī) in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished,. In the ancient Judean schools the sages were addressed as רִבִּי (Ribbi or Rebbi...
Isaac Klein (1905-1979). ...
The word Jew (Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity; and often a combination of these attributes. ...
Canaan or Knáan (Arabic کنعان, KanÊ»Än, Hebrew ×›Ö¼Ö°× Ö·×¢Ö·×Ÿ / ×›Ö¼Ö°× Ö¸×¢Ö·×Ÿ, KÉ™náʻan / KÉ™nÄÊ»an; Septuagint Greek Χανααν, Khanaan) is an ancient term for a region roughly corresponding to present-day Israel, the West Bank, western Jordan, southern and coastal Syria and Lebanon continuing up until the border of modern Turkey. ...
In its simplist form, a Christian is a follower of and a believer in Jesus of Nazareth. ...
Within a European Christian context, paganism is a catch-all term which has come to connote a broad set of spiritual/religious beliefs and practices of a natural religion (as opposed to a revealed religion of a text). ...
The Rabbinical Assembly (Conservative Judaism) has published a pastoral letter on human sexuality, "This Is My Beloved, This Is My Friend: A Rabbinic Letter on Intimate Relations". Topics include sex within marriage; having children; infertility; divorce; adultery; incest; single parenthood; non-marital sex; contraception; homosexuality; and the laws of family purity (taharat hamishpacha). Originally set up as the alumni association of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTS), the Rabbinical Assembly (RA) is the official, international body of Conservative rabbis, with some 1400 members. ...
Conservative Judaism (or Masorti Judaism) is a denomination of Judaism characterized by: A positive attitude toward modern culture The belief that traditional rabbinic modes of study, and modern scholarship and critical text study, are both valid ways to learn about and from Jewish religious texts. ...
Infertility is the inability to naturally conceive a child or the inability to carry a pregnancy to term. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Adultery is generally defined as consensual sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their lawful spouse. ...
Incest is the sexual activity or marriage between close family members. ...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
Halakha (Hebrew: הלכה; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish rabbinic law, custom and tradition. ...
Perhaps the most misunderstood aspect of Jewish law is the laws related to taharat ha'mishpacha (Hebrew: literally "family purity"). These rules inform us that a woman becomes tame (in Israeli Hebrew, pronounced [tɑ'me]) when she is menstruating. During this time a couple must refrain from all physical contact, especially sexual relations. After the cessation of her menstrual flow, the women counts seven days before immersing herself in a mikva, at which time sexual relations between man and wife can resume. The words tahor and tame are often, but erroneously, translated as physically "clean" and "unclean". However, these terms actually describe a state of ritual applicability in regards to fulfilling biblical commandments, such as those associated with the Temple in Jerusalem, the cultic function of Kohanim (priests), and sexual relations within in a Jewish marriage. Modern Jewish authors often translate tahor and tame as "ritually pure" and "ritually impure". Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by 6 million people mainly in Israel, parts of the Palestinian territories, the United States and by Jewish communities around the world. ...
The Modern Hebrew language is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family. ...
The International Phonetic Alphabet. ...
The Temple in Jerusalem or the Holy Temple (Beit HaMikdash בית המקדש in Hebrew) was built in ancient Jerusalem and was the center of Israelite and Jewish worship, primarily for the offering of sacrifices known as the korbanot. ...
The position of a Kohens hands when he raises them to bless a Jewish congregation A Kohen (or Cohen, Hebrew priest, pl. ...
People who view that homosexuality as immoral consist chiefly of sub-groups, or those raised in cultures influenced by them. Based on their interpretations of various verses in the Old Testament, they conclude that God has forbidden homosexuality. Adding this prohibition to their concept of sexual morality as a code of conduct or set of rules governing sexual behavior, Judaism has historically viewed homosexuality as a grave sin; in recent years some of the more liberal Jewish denominations have begun rethinking this understanding for various reasons. This topic is discussed separately in the entry on Jewish views of homosexuality. Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures (also called the Hebrew Bible) constitutes the first major part of the Bible according to Christianity. ...
The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ...
This article discusses Jewish views of homosexuality. ...
For more details, see Rabbi Michael Gold's Does God Belong in the Bedroom? and Rabbi Shmuel Boteach's Kosher Sex. Rabbi (Classical Hebrew רִבִּי ribbī; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli רַבִּי rabbī) in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished,. In the ancient Judean schools the sages were addressed as רִבִּי (Ribbi or Rebbi...
Rabbi (Classical Hebrew רִבִּי ribbī; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli רַבִּי rabbī) in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished,. In the ancient Judean schools the sages were addressed as רִבִּי (Ribbi or Rebbi...
The Old Testament prohibits different-sex adultery and different-sex intercourse during menses (Lev.15: 19-24). They sanction monogamous and committed different-sex relationships with marriage. The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures (also called the Hebrew Bible) constitutes the first major part of the Bible according to Christianity. ...
Adultery is generally defined as consensual sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their lawful spouse. ...
The menstrual cycle is the periodic change in a womans body that occurs every month between puberty and menopause and that relates to reproduction. ...
Marriage is a relationship and bond between individuals that plays a key role in the definition of many families. ...
Christian views of sex and morality The Old Testament prohibits different-sex adultery and different-sex intercourse during menses (Lev.15: 19-24). They sanction monogamous and committed different-sex relationships with marriage. In its simplist form, a Christian is a follower of and a believer in Jesus of Nazareth. ...
The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures (also called the Hebrew Bible) constitutes the first major part of the Bible according to Christianity. ...
Adultery is generally defined as consensual sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their lawful spouse. ...
The menstrual cycle is the periodic change in a womans body that occurs every month between puberty and menopause and that relates to reproduction. ...
Marriage is a relationship and bond between individuals that plays a key role in the definition of many families. ...
The New Testament holds forth a number of discussions on sex and sexuality; these discussions are mainly by Paul. In these parts of the New Testament Paul informs Christians that celibacy is more desirable than entering into a sexual relationship - "It is good for a man not to touch a woman. But because of immoralities, each man is to have his own wife, and each woman is to have her own husband." (Corinthians I, 7:1) The later Church Fathers took this teaching to heart and taught that celibacy is a better state than marriage. At the same time, Saint Augustine emphasized that marriage was a good state, arguing that if it were not good, then praising virginity as better than celibacy would not be saying much in favor of virginity. The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ...
An early portrait of the Apostle Paul. ...
St. ...
Granting a concession to human weakness, Paul states that if a person is unable to maintain chastity, he or she should marry rather than fall into sin. "I say to the unmarried and to widows that it is good for them if they remain even as I. But if they do not have self-control, let them marry; for it is better to marry than to burn with passion." (Corinthians I, 7:8-9) Further, he states that husbands and wives should "Stop depriving one another, except by agreement for a time, so that you may devote yourselves to prayer, and come together again so that Satan will not tempt you because of your lack of self-control."
Paul holds marriage not to be the best situation, but rather a potential cause of distress and distraction from God. "Now concerning virgins I have no command of the Lord, but I give an opinion as one who by the mercy of the Lord is trustworthy. I think then that this is good in view of the present distress, that it is good for a man to remain as he is. Are you bound to a wife? Do not seek to be released. Are you released from a wife? Do not seek a wife. But if you marry, you have not sinned; and if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. Yet such will have trouble in this life, and I am trying to spare you." (Corinthians I, 7:25-28) "I want you to be free from anxieties. The unmarried man is anxious about the affairs of the Lord, how to please the Lord, but the married man is anxious about worldly affairs, how to please his wife and his interest is divided...The unmarried woman cares for the affairs of the Lord, that she may be holy in body and spirit; but a married woman cares for worldly affairs, how to please her husband. I say this for your own benefit, not to lay any restraint upon you, but to promote good order and to secure your undivided devotion to the Lord." (Corinthians I, 7:32,35)
In summary, Paul's teaching to the early Christian church includes encouragement to "...abide even as I"--unmarried. (Corinthians I, 7:8) However, this is spoken of as a preference Paul had--one which he notes as not being for every man (Corinthians I, 7:7)--in order that Christians "...may attend upon the Lord without distraction." (Corinthians I, 7:35) But, if the temptation of the flesh be too great, one should marry, "...and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned." (Corinthians I, 7:28)
It is worth noting that the early patriarchs of the Old Testament were not without wives. In fact the first book of the Bible reveals God noting that "...It is not good that man should be alone" (Genesis 2:18). Out of this God created Eve, a helper for Adam. The marriage relationship was created by God. But, perhaps the result from this union was what Paul was referring to when he wrote, "But he that is married careth for the things that are of the world, how he may please his wife." (Corinthians I, 7:33) Was Adam not pleasing Eve when he bit into the apple?--quite certainly the ultimate division between Adam and God.
People who view that homosexuality as immoral consist chiefly of sub-groups, or those raised in cultures influenced by them. Based on their interpretations of various verses in the Old and the New Testaments, they conclude that God has forbidden homosexuality. Adding this prohibition to their concept of sexual morality as a code of conduct or set of rules governing sexual behavior, they conclude that homosexuality is immoral. Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures (also called the Hebrew Bible) constitutes the first major part of the Bible according to Christianity. ...
The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ...
The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ...
Among the major organized religions, at one end of the spectrum some liberal denominations (Unitarian Universalism, for example) embrace individuals who love others of the same sex, and facilitate same-sex marriages. Many prominent modern American Christian preachers, including Fred Phelps, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell are noted for their vocal opposition to homosexuality. According to some creeds and denominations, sexual relations between people who are not of the opposite sex are forbidden and regarded as sinful. For example, some interpretations of parts of the Bible (Leviticus 18:22, Romans 1:24-25, Timothy 1:9-10, etc.) explicitly forbid homosexuality. Other denominations and creeds, especially in recent decades, regard them as unobjectionable. Others even regard them as a positive grace from God. Within many religions there is intense debate over translations and interpretations within sacred texts regarding homosexuality. The flaming chalice is the universally recognized symbol for Unitarian Universalism. ...
Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...
Fred Phelps, c. ...
Pat Robertson Marion Gordon Robertson, better known as Pat Robertson (born March 22, 1930), is an American Christian televangelist, entrepreneur, humanitarian, and right wing political activist. ...
Jerry L. Falwell (born August 11, 1933) is an American Baptist pastor, televangelist, founder of the Moral Majority & Liberty University, and a prominent Conservative activist. ...
Sin has been a term most usually used in a religious context, and today describes any lack of conformity to the will of God; especially, any willful disregard for the norms revealed by God is a sin. ...
Many religions and spiritual movements hold certain written texts (or series of spoken legends not traditionally written down) to be sacred. ...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
Sometimes — and most commonly among Christian polities — male homosexuality is more strongly disapproved of than lesbianism.
Some people allege that some or all religious condemnation of homosexuality is a rationalization for a pre-existing negative social attitude, or conversely, that religious condemnation of homosexuality induces popular antipathy.
John Boswell, in Christianity, Social Tolerance and Homosexuality (1980) first extensively studied the history of these attitudes toward homosexuality in the Christian West. The documents he adduced challenged the widely current official view of the Catholic Church's past relationship to its gay members, among whom were priests, bishops and even canonized saints. Boswell's research ranges from the Greeks to Thomas Aquinas in legal, literary, theological, artistic, and scientific sources. According to Chauncey et al (1989), the result "offered a revolutionary interpretation of the Western tradition, arguing that the Roman Catholic Church had not condemned gay people throughout its history, but rather, at least until the twelfth century, had alternately evinced no special concern about homosexuality or actually celebrated love between men." Setting the study within the broader context of tolerance made this an essential study of European social history. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
St Thomas Aquinas Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 – March 7, 1274) was an Italian Catholic philosopher and theologian in the scholastic tradition. ...
Tolerance is a social, cultural and religious term applied to the collective and individual practice of not persecuting those who may believe, behave or act in ways of which one may not approve. ...
Social history is an area of historical study considered by some to be a social science that attempts to view historical evidence from the point of view of developing social trends. ...
 John Atherton ( 1598- 1640), Bishop of Waterford and Lismore, was hanged in Ireland for sodomy under a law that he had helped to institute. His lover was John Childe, his steward and tithe proctor, also hanged. Anonymous pamphlet, 1641. Some sects believe that non-heterosexual behavior as well as orientation are sinful; others emphasize that it is only the bodily act or the act of deliberately cultivating fantasy that are sinful: in other words, only an engagement of the will. Religious opponents of equal rights for non-heterosexuals believe that supporting "pro-gay" legislation would constitute approval of homosexuality and bisexuality, by promoting wilful acts of homosexuality. They say that such approval is incompatible with their faith. Image File history File links The life and death of John Atherton. ...
Image File history File links The life and death of John Atherton. ...
John Atherton (1598 - 1640) was born in Somerset, England. ...
Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ...
Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ...
A bishop is an ordained member of the Christian clergy who, in certain Christian churches, holds a position of authority. ...
Waterford (Irish: Port Lairge) is, historically, the capital of County Waterford in Ireland, though today the city is administered separately from the county, the latter having its seat in Dungarvan. ...
This work is copyrighted. ...
This work is copyrighted. ...
The Anglican Communion is a world-wide organization of Anglican Churches. ...
The Right Reverend Vicki Gene Robinson (born May 29, 1947) is the ninth bishop of the diocese of New Hampshire in the Episcopal Church. ...
November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 59 days remaining. ...
2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Durham is a town located in Strafford County, New Hampshire. ...
The grammar in this article needs to be checked. ...
Non-heterosexuals is a neologism, used to describe a group of people whose sexual orientation is other than heterosexuality. ...
Opposition to equal rights protections, same-sex marriage, and hate crimes legislation is often associated with conservative religious views. This opposition is shown by individuals active in the human rights movement as being part of a pattern of religiously-based (and Biblically rationalized) resistance to expansion of the sphere of human rights. The Equal Rights Party was a Canadian political party that nominated two candidates in the 5 March 1891 federal election. ...
Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...
A Madonna statue after being defaced by anti-Catholics. ...
For example, the Unitarian Rev. Dr. Barry M. Andrews, in a recent essay [1], commends efforts to legalize gay marriage, and compares resistance to it to the resistance to abolition of slavery, women's suffrage, and the end of anti-miscegenation laws. As he says, ... we know that these civil rights were opposed at one time by a majority of Americans, including churches and the government. The flaming chalice is the universally recognized symbol for Unitarian Universalism. ...
A monument celebrating the emancipation of slaves in the British Empire in 1834, erected in Victoria Tower Gardens, Millbank, Westminster, London Look up Slavery in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Enslaved redirects here. ...
Miscegenation describes humans of different races producing offspring; the direct use of this term thus supposes that the category race is meaningful when applied to the human species. ...
Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ...
Since the sexual revolution western different-sex sexuality has been almost completely divorced from procreation and other traditional and/or religious priorities because of economic factors and feminism. The strength of the conservative movement in the eighties draws part of its inspiration from the negative reaction to these changes from religious conservatives. They argue for an end, sometimes legal, to abortion, birth control, and nonprocreative sex, as well as divorce. The sexual revolution was a substantial change in sexual morality and sexual behaviour throughout the West in the late 1960s and early 1970s. ...
Feminism is a diverse collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies, largely motivated by or concerning the experiences of women, especially in terms of their social, political, and economic situation. ...
Birth control is a regimen of one or more extra actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelyhood of a woman becoming pregnant. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Some believe that sex acts which are conducted for reasons other than reproduction are immoral. The Roman Catholic Church, for example, officially condemns the use of physical contraceptive devices on natural law grounds (though it does not prohibit the use of the rhythm method.) The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian body in the world. ...
The natural law or law of nature is a system of justice that exists independently of the positive law of a given political order. ...
Natural family planning (NFP), sometimes described as periodic abstinence, is a form of birth control that involves recognizing the natural signs in a womans fertility. ...
Muslim views of sex and morality Islam forbids celibacy as a form of religious practice, and considers the natural state for humans to be married. Muslim men are permitted to marry outside their religion, but women are only permitted Muslim husbands. Islam listen? (Arabic: al-islÄm) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ...
Islam listen? (Arabic: al-islÄm) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second largest religion. ...
Celibacy may refer either to being unmarried or to sexual abstinence. ...
All forms of sex outside of a marriage are considered a grave sin, the worst being adultery, with severe punishment in this world as well in the hereafter. All the laws on sex apply to both men and women equally, apart from those concerning menstruation (see below). Adultery is generally defined as consensual sexual intercourse by a married person with someone other than their lawful spouse. ...
Within marriage, sex is an enjoyable, pleasurable activity, a duty, and a necessity for procreation. It is even considered an activity that -- with the right intention -- can be considered an act liked by God. Islamic law allows all forms of sexual relations between husband and wife, except when the wife is menstruating, and forbids anal sex as well. This implies that oral sex, and other forms are not explicitly prohibited, and therefore permissible. Marriage is a relationship and bond between individuals that plays a key role in the definition of many families. ...
The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ...
Roman men having anal sex. ...
Oral sex consists of all those sexual activities that involve the use of the mouth, tongue, etc. ...
While the wife is menstruating, sexual contact is allowed, but not sexual intercourse, until end of mensturating period and a ritual purification is performed (taking a shower).
After intercourse, both husband and wife must take a ritual shower before they can perform prayers, or touch the Quran.
Marriage of cousins is permitted, whether paternal or maternal. Several relatives are considered forbidden (and therefore, such a relation would be incest), such as a man cannot marry his mother, grandmother (and antecedent), daughter, granddaughter (and subsequent), sister, niece, aunt, step mother, step daughter, or women who are already married to someone else. Incest is the sexual activity or marriage between close family members. ...
Milk kinship is considered equivalent to blood kinship, that is, if a mother or wet nurse breast feeds both babies, they are considered siblings, and the above rules apply.
Temporary marriage (Mut'a, marriage designated for a preset period of time) is not allowed by the majority Sunni school, but is allowed by Shia, although it is rarely practiced. This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, etc. ...
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ...
Although Polygyny is allowed in Islam under the condition to act justly among wives (Up to 4 wives at the same time), it is generally discouraged, and rarely practiced. The term polygyny (neo-Greek: poly+gyne woman) is used in related ways in social anthropology and sociobiology. ...
A man having sex with his concubines is also permitted, and the children from such a relationship are recognized as legitimate and equal to ones from a marriage. The concubine gains freedom by bearing children to her master. Of course, this point is now only theoretical after slavery was abolished. Concubinage is either the state of a couple living together as lovers with no obligation created by vows, legal marriage, or religious ceremony, or the state of a woman supported by a male lover who is married to, and usually living with, someone else. ...
A monument celebrating the emancipation of slaves in the British Empire in 1834, erected in Victoria Tower Gardens, Millbank, Westminster, London Look up Slavery in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Enslaved redirects here. ...
There are dissenting views on the topic of Masturbation. While some scholars consider it unlawful and thus prohibited according to Islamic Doctrine, others (such as those of the Hanbali doctrine) believe that those who masturbate out of fear of committing fornication or fear for their bodies have done nothing wrong and are not punished if (and only if) they are unable to marry. Masturbation is the manual excitation of the sexual organs, most often to the point of orgasm. ...
Divorce is allowed in Islam if there is a good reason for it. However, it is considered an act much disliked by God. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
People who view that homosexuality as immoral consist chiefly of sub-groups, or those raised in cultures influenced by them. Based on their interpretations of various verses in the Qur'an, they conclude that God has forbidden homosexuality. Homosexuality is strictly forbidden in Islam, and according to some scholars, is punishable by death. At the extreme there are denominations (notably groups in Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa) that advocate execution of gay men and lesbians for violating their denomination's creed. Homosexuality is a capital crime in Iran, Saudi Arabia, The United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Sudan, and Mauritania. For example, some interpretations of parts of the Koran (7:80-81, 26:165) explicitly forbid homosexuality. Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
The Quran (Arabic: al-qurÄn literally the recitation; also called Al QurÄn Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ...
The term God (capitalized in English language as a proper noun) is often used to refer to a Supreme Being. ...
Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...
A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...
Africa is the worlds second-largest continent and second most populous. ...
Buddhist views of sex and morality Some religions, such as the majority of schools of Buddhism, do not believe same-gender sexual acts are inherently wrong. Buddhism in particular has no concept of sin. Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ...
Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ...
Sin has been a term most usually used in a religious context, and today describes any lack of conformity to the will of God; especially, any willful disregard for the norms revealed by God is a sin. ...
Neo-Paganist views of sex and morality Neo-Pagan religions are almost unanimous in their acceptance of same-sex relationships as equal to heterosexual ones. Another New Age perspective, however, is that of Eckhart Tolle, author of The Power of Now. Starting with the idea that "the realization that you are 'different' from others may force you to disidentify from socially conditioned patterns of thought and behavior", he claims that being gay can help in the "quest for enlightenment", but only so long as one does not "develop a sense of identity based on... gayness". Neopaganism (sometimes Neo-Paganism, meaning New Paganism) is a heterogeneous group of religions which attempt to revive ancient, mainly European pre-Christian religions. ...
Neopaganism (sometimes Neo-Paganism, meaning New Paganism) is a heterogeneous group of religions which attempt to revive ancient, mainly European pre-Christian religions. ...
Eckhart Tolle is a contemporary New Age writer on spirituality. ...
Secularist views of sex and morality Some Atheist and Agnostic people also view that homosexuality is immoral on the grounds that homosexual intercourse is biologically incorrect and does not play a role in reproduction, necessary for the survival of man. This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ...
For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ...
Agnosticism is the philosophical and theological view that the existence of God, gods or deities is either unknown or inherently unknowable. ...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
The view that homosexuality is immoral is held by some secularists who view reproduction as an ultimate end. This is typically associated with Darwinist ideas of morality, i.e. lesbians and gay men cannot reproduce naturally without the help out artificial means or undermines traditional family roles and is a psychological construct, perhaps even a mutation of certain genes. Others ponder the possible evolutionary benefits of homosexuality within a gene pool. Secular disapproval of homosexuality is also associated with the stereotypes that homosexuality is inherently weak, unhealthy or dangerous, and that lesbians and gay men are prone to disease (see 'Homosexuality and medical science' for more information). These sterotypes have proven groundless, but are still widely believed. Secularism means: in philosophy, the belief that life can be best lived by applying ethics, and the universe best understood, by processes of reasoning, without reference to a god or gods or other supernatural concepts. ...
This article is about Darwinism as a philosophical concept; see evolution for the page on biological evolution; modern evolutionary synthesis for neo-Darwinism; and also evolution (disambiguation). ...
In modern usage, a stereotype is a simplified mental picture of an individual or group of people who share a certain characteristic (or stereotypical) qualities. ...
The relationship between homosexuality and medical science has a long and controversial history, covering many countries and stretching across a wide spectrum of specialities, from psychology to epistemology to genetics. ...
Gay rights advocates point out that many heterosexual couples engage in accepted non-reproductive acts and marriages, including those who use contraception, practitioners of oral and anal sex, biologically infertile couples, and the elderly. Many homosexual couples also do have children, whether adopted, carried forward from previous relationships, or produced with donor sperm or egg. In the future, new technology may even allow homosexual couples to produce children which carry their genes, without the help of reproductive cell donors. Homosexual sex acts, because they do not contribute to biological fertilization and pregnancy, are often condemned on these grounds. The idea that homosexual couples cannot produce children is also a frequent objection to same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...
See also Sexual orientation is the sex or gender of people who are the focus of a persons amorous or erotic desires, fantasies, and spontaneous feelings, the gender(s) one is primarily oriented towards. ...
There are several different environmental factors which various overlapping schools of thought hypothesize influence the determination of sexual orientation. ...
The genetic factors influencing sexual orientation are controversial, and research in this area is ongoing. ...
The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also...
Since its coining, the term homosexuality has aquired multiple meanings. ...
The relationship between homosexuality and medical science has a long and controversial history, covering many countries and stretching across a wide spectrum of specialities, from psychology to epistemology to genetics. ...
Look up Sex in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A sex is one of two specimen categories of species that recombine their genetic material in order to reproduce, a process called genetic recombination. ...
Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...
Incest is the sexual activity or marriage between close family members. ...
A sodomy law is a law which makes certain sexual acts into sex crimes. ...
The sexual revolution was a substantial change in sexual morality and sexual behaviour throughout the West in the late 1960s and early 1970s. ...
Child and youth sexuality refers to sexual behavior and activity among children. ...
Sexual abstinence or chastity is the practice of voluntarily refraining from sexual intercourse and (usually) other sexual activity. ...
Sexual misconduct is in general any sexual activity between a person in a position of authority and one of his or her subordinates. ...
A consensual or victimless crime is a crime where all of those involved in the act give consent, and no third parties suffer as a direct result. ...
Religious narrative has included stories interpreted by many as accounts of same-sex love and sexuality. ...
The Unification Church views heterosexual marriage as Gods ideal (see absolute sex). ...
References - James Boswell, Christianity, Social Tolerance and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century, University Of Chicago Press, 1st ed. 1980 ISBN 0226067106, paperback Nov. 2005 ISBN 0226067114
- Mathew Kuefler (editor), The Boswell Thesis : Essays on Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality, University Of Chicago Press, Nov. 2005 ISBN 0226457419
- Eckhart Tolle, The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment, New World Library, 1st ed. 1999, paperback 2004 ISBN 1577314808
External links - Ethnographical Paedophilia
- Religious Declaration on Sexuality Morality, Justice, and Healing "signed by over 850 religious leaders"; an alternative sexuality - friendly document
- Religious Declaration on Human Sexual Morality Pro-heterosexuality and monogamy
- GayFaith Foundation (gayfaith.org) Contains dozens of leading scholarly articles on homosexuality and religion, including the book Homosexuality and World Religions by Arlene Swidler.
- Religious Declaration on Sexuality Morality, Justice, and Healing "signed by over 850 religious leaders"; an alternative sexuality - friendly document
- Religious Declaration on Human Sexual Morality Pro-heterosexuality and monogamy
- Greek Mythology The secret Greek myths of male love, ancient coming-of-age rituals, uncensored and developed.
- The Two-Spirit Tradition essay on male love and gay marriage in Native American shamanic religion.
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