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Sham (also ash-Sham or Bilad-a-Sham) (Arabic: بلاد الشام , also transliterated bilad-ush-sham etc.) is the Arabic name of the historical Levant region which covers nowadays most parts of Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine (sometimes excluding the Jazira region in the north-east of modern Syria). The name is sometimes confused with the political and modern term of Greater Syria. For much of the history of the Middle East, Bilad al-Sham was closely integrated and shared a common culture and economy. The colonialism of the post-World War I years and the rise of a number of states in the region has ended this unity. It is still useful for historians looking at pre-twentieth century history to consider it as a region, however. Image File history File links Modern_Levant. ...
Image File history File links Modern_Levant. ...
Arabic redirects here. ...
The Levant The Levant (IPA: ) is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern Arabian Desert and Upper Mesopotamia to the east. ...
A 2003 satellite image of the region. ...
Al-Jazira (Arabic, الجزيرة) is the traditional Arabic name for the region of northeastern modern-day Syria and northwestern modern-day Iraq. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...
It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ...
“The Great War †redirects here. ...
The region was the bastion and the center of the Umayyad Empire rule with its capital at Damascus. The Courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, one of the grandest architectural legacies of the Umayyads. ...
For other uses, see Damascus (disambiguation). ...
"Sham" can also be transcribed as "Cham" under French influence. The adjective shami شامي means someone coming from this region. The Arabic term etymologically means "land of the left hand", referring to the fact that for someone in the Hejaz facing east, north is to the left (so the name Yemen correspondingly means "land of the right hand"). The region is sometimes defined as the area that was dominated by Damascus, long an important regional centre — in fact, the Arabic word al-Sham الشام standing on its own can refer to the city of Damascus.[citation needed] Map with the region outlined in red and the 1923 Kingdom in green “Hedjaz†redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Damascus (disambiguation). ...
Note that the name Sham has no clear etymological connection with the Biblical figure Shem son of Noah — Sham comes from the Arabic consonantal root shin-hamza-mim ش ء م (referring to unluckiness, such as that traditionally associated with the left), as seen in alternative Arabic spellings such as شأم and شآم, while Shem son of Noah appears in Arabic as sam سام (with a different initial consonant, and without any internal glottal stop consonant). There is also no connection with the word shams "sun" (as in Majdal Shams or ash-Shams). Shem (Hebrew: , Standard Tiberian ; Greek: Σημ, SÄ“m ; Arabic: ; Geez: Sham ; renown; prosperity; name) was one of the sons of Noah in the Bible. ...
This article is about the biblical Noah. ...
In the terminology used to discuss the grammar of the Semitic languages, a triliteral is a root containing a sequence of three consonants (so also known as a triconsonantal root). ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Majdal Shams, an Arab Druze village in the Golan Heights Majdal Shams (Arabic مجدل شمس) is a Druze village in the northern part of the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. ...
Surat Ash-Shams (Arabic: , The Sun) is the 91st sura of the Quran with 15 ayat. ...
Bilad al-Sham (meaning "land of Sham") is not always precisely synonymous with "Greater Syria" or "Levant", since Greater Syria can refer to a smaller political region, while the Levant can refer to a larger historical region. Today the term is most commonly used by historians to describe the area in earlier times. In fact, the Arabic word al-Sham الشام standing on its own can refer to the city of Damascus. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
The Levant The Levant (IPA: ) is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern Arabian Desert and Upper Mesopotamia to the east. ...
The Arabic word suriyya (سوريا, "official" spelling سورية) was not widely used among Arabic-speaking Muslims before about 1870, though it had been used by Arabic-speaking Christians earlier. According to the Syrian Orthodox Church, "Syrian" used to mean "Christian" in early Christianity, and the special Arabic word suryani سرياني (singular) / suryan سريان (plural) means one who belongs to the Syrian Orthodox Church, as opposed to the general Arabic adjective for "Syrian" suri سوري (singular) / suriyun سوريون (plural). The Syriac Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church based in the Middle East with members spread throughout the world. ...
Currently, the Arabic term suriyya is used to refer to the modern state of Syria (as opposed to the whole Greater Syria region referred to as Bilad al-Sham), but this distinction was not as clear before the mid 20th-century (following the frustration of the Hashemite dream of a Greater Syrian Arab kingdom after World War I due to the Sykes-Picot Agreement, and the uniting of the separate French mandates in Syria into one unified entity in 1936). Zones of French and British influence and control established by the Sykes-Picot Agreement The Sykes-Picot Agreement of May 16, 1916 was a secret understanding between the governments of Britain and France defining their respective spheres of post-World War I influence and control in the Middle East (then...
The term Sham can also refer to the result of a unique Australian cross-speciast breeding experiment. Conducted in November of 1987, the project gave birth to a half-sheep/half-man 'Sham' fondly refered to as 'Luke' by the scientists/parents/creators. Saturday, the 24th of November, 2007 marks the 20th aniversary of the experiment and subsequent birth/creation day celebrations.
See also
Mashriq or Mashreq is the region of Arabic-speaking countries to the east of Egypt. ...
The Levant The Levant (IPA: ) is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern Arabian Desert and Upper Mesopotamia to the east. ...
Over recorded history, there have been many names of the Levant. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
// [[Image:]] Map of Canaan For other uses, see Canaan (disambiguation). ...
The Land of Israel (Hebrew: ×ֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָ×ֵל, Masoretic: ʼẸretz YiÅ›rÄÄ“l, Hebrew Academy: Éreẓ Yisrael, Yiddish: ) is the divinely ordained and given territory by God as an eternal inheritance to the Jewish people. ...
The Strugglers for the Unity and Freedom of al-Sham is a terrorist group claiming to be responsible for the murder of Gebran Tueni. ...
Jund al-Sham (Arabic جند الشام, The Greater Syrian Army) is the name given for an Islamist group which was behind a suicide bombing near a British school in Qatar (The Times (London), Mar 23 2005), and/or the name of a Salafi-influenced group in the Ein el-Hilweh camp refugee...
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